Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas

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Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas
سازمان چريک‌های فدايی خلق ايران
AbbreviationOIPFG[1]
SpokespersonMehdi Fatapour[2]
Secretary of the Central CommitteeFarrokh Negahdar[3]
Foundedlate 1963 initial activity[4]
April 1971 as the unified organization[1]
DissolvedJune 1980[5]
Merger ofJazani-Ẓarifi Group and Aḥmadzāda-Puyān-Meftāḥi Group[1]
Succeeded byOrganization of Iranian People's Fedaian (Majority)
Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (Minority)
Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas
HeadquartersTehran, Iran
Newspaper[5]
IdeologyCommunism
Marxism–Leninism
Political positionFar-left[6]
Colors  Red
AnthemAftabkaran-e-Jangal (lit. 'Sunplanters of Jungle')[7]
Party flag
Flag of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (Red).svg
Flag of the Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (White).svg
LeadersHamid Ashraf  (KIA)
Ashraf Dehghani  (POW)
Dates of operation1971–1976[8]
1977[9]–1980
Group(s)Urban team, rural team[4]
Size3,000 (estimate)[6]
Allies
OpponentsIran Imperial State of Iran
 Iran
Battles and warsSiahkal incident

The Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (OIPFG; Persian: سازمان چريک‌های فدايی خلق ايران‎, romanized: Sāzmān-e čerikhā-ye Fadāʾi-e ḵalq-e Irān), simply known as Fadaiyan-e-Khalq (Persian: فداییان خلق‎, romanized: Fadāʾiān-e ḵalq, lit. 'Popular Selfsacrificers')[9] was an underground Marxist–Leninist guerrilla organization in Iran.[1]

Ideology[]

Ideologically, the group pursued an Anti-imperialist agenda and embraced armed propaganda to justify its revolutionary armed struggle against Iran's monarchy system,[11] and believed in Materialism.[8] They rejected reformism, and were inspired by thoughts of Mao Zedong, Che Guevara, and Régis Debray.[5]

They criticized the National Front and the Liberation Movement as "Petite bourgeoisie paper organizations still preaching the false hope of peaceful change".[4] Fedai Guerrillas initially criticized the Soviet Union and the Tudeh Party as well, however they later abandoned the stance as a result of cooperation with the socialist camp.[5]

Bijan Jazani, known as the "intellectual father" of the organization, contributed to its ideology by writing a series of pamphlets such as "Struggle against the Shah's Dictatorship", "What a Revolutionary Must Know" and "How the Armed Struggle Will Be Transformed into a Mass Struggle?". The pamphlets were followed by Masoud Ahmadzadeh's treatise "Armed Struggle: Both a Strategy and a Tactic" and "The Necessity of Armed Struggle and the Rejection of the Theory of Survival" by Amir Parviz Pouyan.[4]

Electoral history[]

Year Election Seats won
1979 Constitutional Assembly
0 / 73 (0%)
1980 Parliament
0 / 290 (0%)

Leadership[]

The group was governed by collective leadership. Before the Iranian Revolution, its six-members leadership did not use the term 'central committee'.[12]

See also[]

  • Guerrilla groups of Iran

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Vahabzadeh, Peyman (28 March 2016) [7 December 2015]. "FADĀʾIĀN-E ḴALQ". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Bibliotheca Persica Press. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  2. ^ Vahabzadeh, Peyman (2010). Guerrilla Odyssey: Modernization, Secularism, Democracy, and the Fadai Period of National Liberation In Iran, 1971–1979. Syracuse University Press. p. 67. ISBN 9780815651475.
  3. ^ Muhammad Kamal (1986). "Iranian Left in Political Dilemma". Pakistan Horizon. Karachi: Pakistan Institute of International Affairs. 39 (3): 39–51. JSTOR 41393782.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 483–9. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Ḥaqšenās, Torāb (27 October 2011) [15 December 1992]. "COMMUNISM iii. In Persia after 1953". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 1. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 105–112. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b Donald Newton Wilber (2014). Iran, Past and Present: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic. Princeton University Press. p. 344. ISBN 978-1400857470.
  7. ^ Annabelle Sreberny, Massoumeh Torfeh (2013), Cultural Revolution in Iran: Contemporary Popular Culture in the Islamic Republic, I.B. Tauris, p. 156, ISBN 9781780760896CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b Mahmood T. Davari (2004). The Political Thought of Ayatollah Murtaza Mutahhari: An Iranian Theoretician of the Islamic State. Routledge. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-134-29488-6.
  9. ^ Jump up to: a b Hiro, Dilip (2013). "Fedai Khalq". A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Middle East. Interlink Publishing. pp. 483–9. ISBN 9781623710330.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b c Arie Perliger, William L. Eubank (2006), "Terrorism in Iran and Afghanistan: The Seeds of the Global Jihad", Middle Eastern Terrorism, Infobase Publishing, pp. 41–42, ISBN 9781438107196CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  11. ^ Vahabzadeh, Peyman (2010). Guerrilla Odyssey: Modernization, Secularism, Democracy, and the Fadai Period of National Liberation In Iran, 1971–1979. Syracuse University Press. p. 100.
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Maziar, Behrooz (2000). Rebels with a Cause: The Failure of the Left in Iran. I.B.Tauris. p. 209. ISBN 1860646301.
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