Oyo State

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Oyo State
State
Ibadan skyline roof top.jpg
Nickname(s): 
Pace Setter State
Location of Ọyọ State in Nigeria
Location of Ọyọ State in Nigeria
Coordinates: 8°00′N 4°00′E / 8.000°N 4.000°E / 8.000; 4.000Coordinates: 8°00′N 4°00′E / 8.000°N 4.000°E / 8.000; 4.000[1]
Country Nigeria
Date created3 February 1976
CapitalIbadan
Government
 • Governor[2]Oluwaseyi Makinde (PDP)
 • Deputy GovernorRauf Olaniyan
 • SenatorsAbdulfatai Buhari

Teslim Folarin
 • RepresentativesList
Area
 • Total28,454 km2 (10,986 sq mi)
Population
 (2006)[3]
 • Total5,580,894[4]
GDP
 • Year2007
 • Total$29.8 billion[5]
 • Per capita$2,666[5]
Time zoneUTC+01 (WAT)
postal code
200001
ISO 3166 codeNG-OY
HDI (2018)0.626[6]
medium · 11th of 37
Websitewww.oyostate.gov.ng

Oyo, usually referred to as Oyo State to distinguish it from the city of Oyo, is an inland state in southwestern Nigeria. Its capital is Ibadan, the third most populous city in the country and formerly the second most populous city in Africa.[7] Oyo State is bordered to the north by Kwara State, to the east by Osun State, and to the southwest by Ogun State and the Republic of Benin. With a projected population of 7,840,864 in 2016, Oyo State is the fifth most populous in the Nigeria.

The vast majority of Oyo State residents are Yoruba, and the Yoruba language remains dominant.[8] Nicknamed the "Pace Setter State", present-day Oyo State sits on territory formerly ruled by various kingdoms and empires.

The Oyo Empire was a powerful Yoruba empire that ruled in much of the area from c. 1300 to 1896.[9] Built in the 1830s, modern city of Oyo is considered a remnant of the imperial era, being referred to as "New Oyo" (Ọ̀yọ́ Àtìbà) to distinguish itself from the former capital to the north, 'Old Oyo' (Ọ̀yọ́-Ilé). The Alaafin of Oyo continues to serve a ceremonial role in the city.[10]

Oyo State is noted for being the site of the first university in Nigeria, the University of Ibadan.[11] The state economy remains largely agrarian, with the western city of Shaki being described as the state's breadbasket. Cassava, cocoa, and tobacco are among the most important crops to Oyo State's economy.[12][13]

Geography[]

Oyo State covers approximately an area of 28,454 square kilometers and is ranked 14th by size. The landscape consists of old hard rocks and dome shaped hills, which rise gently from about 500 meters in the southern part and reaching a height of about 1,200 metres above sea level in the northern part.[14] Some principal rivers such as Ogun, Oba, Oyan, Otin, , , Oni, Erinle and Osun river originate in this highland.

Oyo State contains a number of natural features including the Old Oyo National Park. In this location there was earlier habitat for the endangered African wild dog, Lycaon pictus;[15] however, this canid is thought to have been locally extirpated at the present.

The Climate is equatorial, notably with dry and wet seasons with relatively high humidity. The dry season lasts from November to March while the wet season starts from April and ends in October. Average daily temperature ranges between 25 °C (77.0 °F) and 35 °C (95.0 °F), almost throughout the year.[16]

History[]

It was formed in 1976 from Western State, and included Ọsun State, which was split off in 1991. Oyo State is homogenous, mainly inhabited by the Yoruba ethnic group who are primarily agrarian but have a predilection for living in high-density urban centres.[17] The indigenes mainly comprise the Oyos, the Oke-Oguns, the Ibadans[18] and the Ibarapas, all belonging to the Yoruba family and indigenous city in Africa. Ibadan had been the centre of administration of the old Western Region since the days of British colonial rule.

Other notable cities and towns in Ọyọ State include Ọyọ, Ogbomọsọ, Ibadan, , , , , , , , Iroko, Lanlate, OjeOwode-Okeogun, , , , Awe-Oyo, , , , Idere[19]

Records, landmarks and "firsts"[]

Bower towers, Ibadan

The first degree awarding institution in Nigeria is the University of Ibadan (established as a college of the University of London when it was founded in 1948, and later converted into an autonomous university in 1962).[20] The other universities in the state are: Lead City University, Ibadan, Ajayi Crowther University, Oyo, , Dominican University, Ibadan, and Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso. The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology Igbo Ora, Adeseun Ogundoyin Polytechnic Eruwa are located in Oyo State.[21]

There are 324 secondary schools and 1,576 public primary schools in the state. Other noteworthy institutions in the city include the University College Hospital, Ibadan; the first teaching hospital in Nigeria and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (lITA).[22] Cocoa House, located in Ibadan, was the first skyscraper built in Africa.[23]

The state is home to NTA Ibadan, the first television station in Africa, and the Obafemi Awolowo (formerly, Liberty) Stadium, a stadium with a capacity of 35,000.[24]

Other major tourist attractions located in the state include: Agodi Botanical Garden, Ado-Awaye Suspended lake, Mapo Hall, University of Ibadan Zoological Garden, Ido Cenotaph, Trans-Wonderland Amusement Park, Old Oyo National Park located in the historical site of the ancient capital of the famous old Oyo Empire, Iyamopo and Agbele Hill in Igbeti, and the Cultural Centre, Mokola. The state hosts the first FM radio, and the first private television station, Galaxy Television (Nigeria) in the country.[25]

Government and politics[]

Under the Nigerian 1999 constitution[26] the government of Oyo State, and those of the other 35 Nigerian States, is divided into three branches to be in line with the government of the Federal Republic of Nigeria which is also three tier: the executive branch, the legislative branch and the judiciary.[27] The executive branch of Oyo State government is headed by an elected executive governor who presides over the State Executive Council made up of appointed cabinet members. The present governor of Oyo State is Oluseyi Abiodun Makinde with Rauf Olaniyan as deputy governor.[28] The legislative branch is headed by an elected Speaker of the House of Assembly. The current Speaker is Hon. Debo Ogundoyin.[29] And lastly, the judiciary is headed by the Chief Judge of Oyo State High Court. The present Chief Judge of the state is Muktar Abimbola.[30]

Education[]

Presently the State has 2,004 public schools, 971 private nursery/primary schools, 969 public secondary schools including 7 schools of Science and 57 private secondary schools. Also in the State, there are five government technical colleges at Oyo, Ogbomoso, Ibadan, and with enrolment of 2,829 students in the 2000/2001 academic session. The National Youth Service Corp(NYSC) permanent orientation camp is located in Iseyin.[31]

There is Ebedi Writers’ Residency situated at the hill-side of Barracks area of Iseyin . This International Residency has brought great writers, journalists and authors all over the world including Africa’s first Nobel Laurel, Prof. Wole Soyinka, Jumoke Verissiomo, Funmi Aluko, Richard Ali, Paul Liam and others.

Historically prominent secondary schools include St Anne's School Ibadan (1869), Wesley College, Ibadan (1905), Ibadan Grammar School (1913), Government College Ibadan (1927), (1932), (1938), Olivet Heights Oyo (1945), Queen's School Ibadan (1952), Loyola College Ibadan (1954), (1957), (1958), (1964), Methodist High School, Ibadan (1961) (1962) and several others. It's also home to Africa's leading fountain of knowledge, the iconic University of Ibadan (The University was originally instituted as an independent external college of the University of London, then it was called the University College, Ibadan[32]).

Two new technical colleges located at Iseyin, and Ikija in were established in the 2001/2002 academic session. A college of education, Oyo State College of Education, Oyo. There is a Polytechnic, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, with 2 satellite campuses at Eruwa and Shaki-Okeogun, (now known as The Oke-Ogun Polytechnic) and a State-owned University, The Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, which is jointly owned by Oyo and Osun State Governments. The federal premier university The University of Ibadan, is also located in State capital. A private Polytechnic( SAF Polytechnic,Iseyin) is located in Iseyin. There is a vocational Institute in named: The Kings Poly, Shaki-Okeogun.

There are also the Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Ibadan; Federal College of Education (Special), Oyo, the ; Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), , the , the (FEDCOFOR) a subsidiary of Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria (FRIN) and the Nigerian Institute Of Social And Economic Research (NISER), all in Ibadan.

Similarly, there are 15 Nomadic schools in the State. They are Gaa Jooro and Gaa Baale, both in Kisi (); Baochilu Government; Arin-Oye, Abiogun, Okaka and Baba-Ode (); Iganna (); Igangan and Ayete (); Gaa Kondo and Igbo-Ora, () and Sepeteri (). There are 213 continuing education centres spread all over the State.[citation needed]

15 special primary schools and 8 special units in secondary schools cater for handicapped children. There are 11,732 teaching staff in the state public secondary schools and 2,789 non-teaching staff.[citation needed]

The (AANFE) caters for illiterate adults who had no opportunity of formal education. The agency has 455 classes in existence in the 33 Local Government areas of the State, while 200,000 illiterate adults and over 80,000 post-illiterate adults have been trained recently.[citation needed]

List of universities[]

The following are universities located within Oyo State;[33]

List of polytechnics[]

List of Specialized Tertiary Institutions[]

  • Federal School of Surveying, Oyo
  • Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan
  • Federal College of Agriculture, Ibadan
  • Federal Cooperative College, Ibadan
  • Federal School of Statistics, Ibadan

List of Colleges Education and Agriculture[]

- FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (SPECIAL) OYO

- Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Moor plantation Ibadan (FCAHPT)

- Federal College of Agriculture Ibadan

- Emmanuel Alayande College of Education

- Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igbo-Ora

- Oyo State College Of Nursing and Midwifery, Eleyele, Ibadan

- Oyo State College of Health Science and Technology, Eleyele, Ibadan

- The College of Education, Lanlate.

List of registered private polytechnics[]

  • The Kings Polytechnic, Saki
  • SAF Polytechnic, Iseyin
  • City Polytechnic, Ibadan
  • Tower Polytechnic, Ibadan
  • Bolmor Polytechnic, Ibadan

List of current public officials[]

Commissioner/Officer Ministry/Office
Engr.Oluwaseyi Makinde Governor
Engr. Rauf Olaniyan Deputy Governor
Adebo Ogundoyin Speaker of the State House of Assembly
Mrs. Olubamiwo Adeosun Secretary to the State Government
Chief Bisi Ilaka Chief of Staff
N/A Commissioner for Finance
Mrs Amidat O. Agboola Head of Service
N/A Commissioner for Local Government & Chieftaincy Affairs
N/A Attorney-General & Commissioner for Justice

Agriculture[]

Agriculture is the main occupation of the people of Oyo State. The climate in the state favours the cultivation of crops like maize, yam, cassava, millet, rice, plantains, cocoa, palm produce, cashew etc. There are a number of government farm settlements in Iseyin/Ipapo, , Eruwa, Ogbomosho, Iresaadu, Ijaiye, Akufo and Lalupon. There is abundance of clay, kaolin and aquamarine. There are also vast cattle ranches at Saki, Fasola and Ibadan, a dairy farm at Monatan in Ibadan and the statewide with headquarters at Saki. A number of international and federal agricultural establishment are located in the state.

Local Government Areas[]

See also: List of villages in Oyo State

Oyo State consists of thirty-three (33) Local Government Areas. They are:

List of current Local Government Area Chairmen.[34] Tyre

Notable people[]

References[]

  1. ^ The Encyclopedia of African-American Heritage by Susan Altman, Chapter O, page 183
  2. ^ See List of Governors of Oyo State for a list of prior governors
  3. ^ [1] State overview
  4. ^ "2006 PHC Priority Tables – NATIONAL POPULATION COMMISSION". population.gov.ng. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b "C-GIDD (Canback Global Income Distribution Database)". Canback Dangel. Retrieved 2015-08-20.
  6. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 2018-09-13.
  7. ^ Nenge, Katrine (2019-01-08). "Which is the largest city in Africa: Lagos vs. Ibadan city". Legit.ng - Nigeria news. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  8. ^ "oyo, nigeria language". thehumanasia.com. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  9. ^ Akinjogbin, I. A. (1966). "THE OYO EMPIRE IN THE 18TH CENTURY–A REASSESSMENT". Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria. 3 (3): 449–460. ISSN 0018-2540. JSTOR 41856706.
  10. ^ "Association of Local Governments of Nigeria". algon.ng. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  11. ^ "Oyo State". Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission. 2019-01-09. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  12. ^ "Untapped potential: Despite many difficulties, the opportunities in agriculture are numerous". Oxford Business Group. 2013-12-08. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  13. ^ "Supply Analysis of Cassava Chips in Oyo State, Nigeria-Indian Journals". www.indianjournals.com. Retrieved 2021-03-07.
  14. ^ "Oyo State:The Pace Setter State. News|Discussions|Projects | Yoruba Parapo". ooduafamily.freeforums.net. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  15. ^ C. Michael Hogan. 2009. Painted Hunting Dog: Lycaon pictus, GlobalTwitcher.com, ed. N. Stromberg Archived 2010-12-09 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Adedapo Olufemi Adeogun1, 2; Popoola2, Kehinde Olajide; Oduola3, Adedayo Olatunbosun; Olakiigbe1, Abiodun Kanmi; Awolola1, Samson Taiwo (2017-08-18). "High Level of DDT Resistance and Reduced Susceptibility to Deltamethrin in Anopheles gambiae, Anopheles coluzzi, and Anopheles arabiensis from Urban Communities in Oyo State, South-West Nigeria". Journal of Mosquito Research. 7. ISSN 1927-646X.
  17. ^ Bascom, William R. (1962-08-01). "Some Aspects of Yoruba Urbanism". American Anthropologist. 64 (4): 699–709. doi:10.1525/aa.1962.64.4.02a00010.
  18. ^ Ago, Aderonkemiin #nigeria • 3 Years (2017-10-06). "THE IBADAN PEOPLE OF NIGERIA". Steemit. Retrieved 2020-05-28.
  19. ^ "Unveiling Nigeria - state". www.unveilingnigeria.ng. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  20. ^ "History of UI | UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN". www.ui.edu.ng. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  21. ^ TEACHERS REGISTRATION COUNCIL OF NIGERIA (2020). "2019-2020 Statistical Digest" (PDF). TRCN Statistical Digest. Nigeria: Teachers Registration Council of Nigeria. ISSN 1597-2135.
  22. ^ "National Trade & International Business Center". ntibc.ng. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  23. ^ "Cocoa House: Nigeria's 1st skyscraper is decaying even though it rakes in millions of naira for 6 states [Special Report]". Pulse Nigeria. 2020-01-04. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  24. ^ vanguard (2015-11-13). "Ibadan: Nigeria's home of many Firsts". Vanguard News. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  25. ^ "Oyo State of Nigeria :: Nigeria Information & Guide". www.nigeriagalleria.com. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  26. ^ Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (accessed 20 September 2008)
  27. ^ "Nigeria - Government and society". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  28. ^ "Oyo State Government | Office of the governor". Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  29. ^ "Oyo Assembly – Channels Television". Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  30. ^ "Davis, Sir Godfrey, (23 Oct. 1890–7 Aug. 1968), formerly Chief Judge, Chief Court, Sind", Who Was Who, Oxford University Press, 2007-12-01, doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.u49778, retrieved 2021-06-03
  31. ^ "Chapter 4. Public Schools, High Schools, Normal Schools, and Colleges", Stand and Prosper, Princeton University Press, pp. 41–56, 2012-12-31, doi:10.1515/9781400843176.41, ISBN 978-1-4008-4317-6, retrieved 2021-06-03
  32. ^ University of Ibadan
  33. ^ "List of Universities in Oyo State". www.myschoolgist.com. 2020-11-04. Retrieved 2021-06-03.
  34. ^ http://www.oyostate.gov.ng/ministries-departments-and-agencies/local-government-and-chieftaincy-matters/local-government-chairmen/

External links[]

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