Parides

Cattleheart butterflies
	Parides aeneas - Muséum de Toulouse
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Subfamily:	Papilioninae
Tribe:	Troidini
Genus:	Parides; Hübner, [1819]
Species
	Numerous, see text
Synonyms
	Hectorides Hübner, 1821; Endopogon Lacordaire, 1833; Ascanides Geyer, 1837; Blakea Grote, 1875;

Parides, commonly called cattlehearts, is a genus of swallowtail butterflies in the family Papilionidae. They are found in the Americas (Neotropical realm).

Species[]

Listed alphabetically within groups according to Möhn et al., with annotations according to Wilts et al. (2014):^[1]

species group: ascanius (disputed: basal/plesiomorphic?)

Parides agavus (Drury, 1782)
Parides alopius (Godman & Salvin, [1890]) – white-dotted cattleheart
Parides ascanius (Cramer, [1775]) – Fluminense swallowtail
Parides bunichus (Hübner, [1821])
Parides gundlachianus (C. & R. Felder, 1864) – Cuban cattleheart (anchises group?)
Parides montezuma (Westwood, 1842) – Montezuma's cattleheart (possibly new panthonus group)
Parides phalaecus (Hewitson, 1869)
Parides photinus (Doubleday, 1844) – pink-spotted cattleheart (basal in anchises group?)
Parides proneus (Hübner, [1831])

species group: klagesi (incertae sedis)

species group: chabrias

Parides chabrias (Hewitson, 1852)
Parides hahneli (Staudinger, 1882) – Hahnel's Amazonian swallowtail
Parides mithras (Grose-Smith, 1902)
Parides pizarro (Staudinger, 1884) – formerly P. steinbachi (ascanius group/incertae sedis?)
Parides quadratus (Staudinger, 1890)
Parides vercingetorix (Oberthür, 1888) – formerly P. coelus (ascanius group/incertae sedis?)

species group: aeneas

Parides aeneas (Linnaeus, 1758)
Parides aglaope (Gray, [1853]) (ascanius group/incertae sedis?)
Parides burchellanus (Westwood, 1872) (possibly new panthonus group)
Parides echemon (Hübner, [1813])
Parides eurimedes (Stoll, [1782]) – pink-checked cattleheart or mylotes cattleheart
Parides lysander (Cramer, [1775]) – Lysander cattleheart (possibly basalmost living species of group)
Parides neophilus (Geyer, 1837) – neophilus cattleheart
Parides orellana (Hewitson, 1852) (tentatively placed here)
Parides panthonus (Cramer, [1780]) – panthonus cattleheart (possibly new panthonus group)
Parides tros (Fabricius, 1793)
Parides zacynthus (Fabricius, 1793)

species group: sesostris (sister to aeneas and/or anchises group/s?)

species group: anchises

Gerardo Lamas (edited by) (2004). Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera. Checklist: Part4A. Hesperioidea-Papilionoidea. Scientific Publishers, Inc., Gainesville, FL. ISBN 0-945417-28-4
Jeffrey Glassberg (2007). A Swift Guide to the Butterflies of Mexico and Central America. Sunstreak Books Inc. ISBN 978-1-4243-0915-3
Racheli, Tommaso an Olmisani. Luca 1998. A cladistic analysis of the genus Parides Hubner, [1819], based on androconial structures (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Neue Ent. Nachr. (Marktleuthen),41:119-131.pdf
Edwin Möhn, 2006 Schmetterlinge der Erde, Butterflies of the world Part XXVI (26), Papilionidae XIII. Parides. Edited by Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Canterbury: Hillside Books. ISBN 978-3-937783-27-7 (Supplement 13 in English - by Racheli)
Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906). A revision of the American Papilios. Novitates Zoologicae 13: 411-752. online (and as pdf) (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967).

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Cattleheart butterflies

Parides aeneas - Muséum de Toulouse
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Papilionidae
Subfamily:	Papilioninae
Tribe:	Troidini
Genus:	Parides Hübner, [1819]
Species
Numerous, see text
Synonyms
Hectorides Hübner, 1821 Endopogon Lacordaire, 1833 Ascanides Geyer, 1837 Blakea Grote, 1875