Peninsular Railway (California)

Peninsular Railway

Peninsular Railway 52 at the Western Railway Museum
Overview
Headquarters	San Jose, California
Locale	Santa Clara County, California
Dates of operation	1906–1934
Predecessor	San Jose & Los Gatos Interurban Railroad
Successor	Southern Pacific Railroad，
Technical
Track gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Electrification	600 V DC Overhead line
Length	91 mi (146 km)

The Peninsular Railway (known to locals as the Pin) was an interurban electrified railway in the U.S. State of California in the United States of America. It served the area between San Jose, Los Gatos, and Palo Alto, comprising much of what is today known as "Silicon Valley". For much of its existence it was a subsidiary of the Southern Pacific Railroad.

History[]

San Jose, Saratoga & Los Gatos Electric Railway (1900-1909)^[1][]

The Peninsular Railway was incorporated in January 1906 as a subsidiary of the Southern Pacific in response to calls for an interurban line from San Francisco to San Jose. In addition to the line to Los Gatos, branches were also planned to extend to Alviso, Oakland and Lick Observatory. However, due to the Colorado River flood of 1905 (which created the Salton Sea), many of the rails to be used for this construction had to be rushed to the Imperial Valley to rebuild the Southern Pacific line between Los Angeles and Yuma, Arizona. Therefore, only the lines connecting San Jose, Palo Alto and Los Gatos were constructed, and interurban service did not exist between Palo Alto and San Mateo. Another attempt to complete this line came in the next decade, but construction was again delayed by a scarcity of steel rails, this time due to World War I.

Before the Peninsular Railway had built any track or started running interurban operations, F.S. Granger and J.W. Rea, who owned the San Jose Los Gatos Interurban Company, sold their tracks to the Pin to avoid competing with a company backed by the Southern Pacific. The original Pin tracks were from several other already existing interurban companies, such as the Alum Rock Railway Company, the Peninsular Railroad, and the Santa Clara Interurban Railroad. Some of the Peninsular Railroad and Alum Rock Railway trackage in San Jose became owned by the and were never a part of the Peninsular Railway.

The trackage that the Peninsular Railway built itself was the line to Los Gatos through Campbell, the line along Stevens Creek Road to Cupertino, the two lines along the Mayfield cutoff from Cupertino to Mayfield, and Cupertino to Los Gatos, the spur to Congress Springs from Saratoga, and part of the line to Alum Rock Park.

Peninsular Railway (1906-1934)[]

By 1931, the system was operating 34 streetcars on 91.1 miles (146.6 km) of track.^[2]

Electric passenger service between San Jose and Palo Alto began on March 5, 1910 and ended on October 1, 1934. All of the lines were replaced by bus service by the late 1930s.^{[3]:57, 97}

Physical Infrastructure[]

The properties of the Peninsular Railway included everything owned by the companies it acquired as well as necessary tracks, substations, and a interurban carbarn in San Jose. The carbarn faced San Carlos street at the southwest corner of San Carlos and Sunol streets, by 1920, the 68-mile (109 km) system had several main tracks originating in San Jose.

San Jose[]

Interurban services

The primary route for all interurban trains began at a loop around Julian, Old Market, and Bassett streets in front of the original Southern Pacific Railroad depot in San Jose. The Peninsular Railway had its own double track line down market street, which split into an eastbound and westbound pair of tracks going west on San Carlos street and Park avenue respectively.^[3]:54 Trains west to Palo Alto or Saratoga would turn onto Meridian street and follow the dedicated right of way along San Carlos street, while trains south to Campbell and Los Gatos would turn onto Josefa and San Carlos streets until the double track route on Bird avenue.

Local services

• The Naglee park local route had its own loop on San Fernando, 15th, and San Carlos streets.
• The Bascome local route followed the main tracks west until San Carlos and Bascome, the dedicated right of way was double-tracked from Meridian until Bascome permitting extra local service.

Alum Rock line

The Peninsular Interurban owned a line from (North 10th Street and Madera Avenue) to Alum Rock Park on which it would run freight service and run passenger trains along with the San Jose Railroads.

Rural County[]

Postcard view of the Rinconada stop in Los Gatos

Palo Alto

The Peninsular Railroad operated several local lines in and near Palo Alto, California along University Avenue, Waverly street, El Camino Real, and a track leased from Stanford University on the south side of Galvez st, and continued past the Stanford Stadium until Lasuen St, where it continued until turning west along Serra Mall ending at the Palm Drive Oval.

Other towns

The Peninsular Railway tracks serviced many other towns with regional hourly service including Los Altos, Cupertino, Saratoga, Los Gatos, and Campbell. The main tracks operating electric service were on Stevens Creek road (now Stevens Creek Boulevard), Saratoga road from Meridian corners (today Saratoga and Stevens Creek) to downtown Saratoga, the Mayfield cut-off from Mayfield to Congress Junction (along today's Foothill Expressway and California State Route 85), and a route looping through Willow Glen, Campbell, Los Gatos, and Saratoga with a winding path on various county roads.^[3]:52 Stops typically had a shelter, as indicated by various historical photos.

Congress Springs Branch

The Peninsular Railway also operated a branch line from downtown Saratoga going southwest along Big Basin Road, terminating at the Congress Hotel.

List of interurban services[]

Peninsular Railway car 52 & 61[]

These cars are all that's left of the Peninsular Railway. Both 52 and 61 are currently at the Western Railway Museum, and were two of twelve wooden cars operating for the San Jose Los Gatos Interurban Company. They were renumbered when the Peninsular Railway took over. The 52 is still operational As of 2018, and is used for tourist excursions. It was restored to operating condition after spending many years in a backyard being used as a sewing room. The 61 was a trailer car and is currently awaiting restoration.

See also[]

• BART
• Caltrain
• List of California street railroads
• VTA Light Rail
• Saratoga and Almaden Railroad

References[]

• Hilton, George W.; Due, John F. (2000) [1960]. The Electric Interurban Railways in America. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4014-3.
• Scott, Mel (1985) [1958]. The San Francisco Bay Area: A Metropolis in Perspective. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-05510-1.
• Charles Smiley (2003). Electric Rails around the Bay (DVD). Retrieved August 27, 2021.

External links[]

• SAN JOSE/SANTA CLARA TRANSIT — Chicago Transit & Railfan via the Internet Archive
• SAN JOSE/SANTA CLARA TRANSIT ROUTES — Chicago Transit & Railfan via the Internet Archive
• The Peninsular Interurban - Saratoga’s Railroad — Saratoga Historical Foundation
• Streetcars: San Jose and Los Gatos Interurban Railway Company — Santa Cruz Trains