Plains coreopsis

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Plains coreopsis
Coreopsis tinctoria
Plains Coreopsis.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Coreopsis
Species:
C. tinctoria
Binomial name
Coreopsis tinctoria
Synonyms[1]
Synonymy

Plains coreopsis, garden tickseed,[2] golden tickseed, [3] or calliopsis, Coreopsis tinctoria, is an annual forb. The plant is common to Canada (from Quebec to British Columbia), northeast Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas), and much of the United States, especially the Great Plains and Southern states where it is often called "calliopsis."[4][5] The species is also widely cultivated in and naturalized in China.[6]

It often grows in disturbed areas such as roadsides and cultivated fields.[7]

Description[]

Plains coreopsis (Coreopsis tinctoria) and Texas bullnettle (Cnidoscolus texanus) blooming at Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, Colorado Co., Texas, USA

Growing quickly, Coreopsis tinctoria plants attain heights of 12 to 40 inches (30–100 cm). Leaves are pinnately-divided, glabrous and tending to thin at the top of the plant where numerous 1- to 1.5-inch (2.5-to 4-cm) flower heads sit atop slender stems.[8]

Flower heads are brilliant yellow with maroon or brown disc florets of various sizes. Flowering typically occurs in mid-summer. The small, slender seeds germinate in fall (overwintering as a low rosette) or early spring.[8]

Uses[]

The Zuni people traditionally use the blossoms of the tinctoria variety to make a mahogany red dye for yarn,[9] and, until the introduction of coffee by traders, to make a hot beverage.[10] Women also used an infusion of the whole plant of this variety, except for the root, if they desired a female child.[11]

Cultivation[]

Coreopsis tinctoria cultivar Uptick Cream and Red.

Plains coreopsis is cultivated as an ornamental plant for gardens, and as a native plant for wildlife gardens and natural landscaping. It grows well in many types of soil, but seems to prefer sandy or well-drained soils. Although somewhat drought-tolerant, naturally growing plants are usually found in areas with regular rainfall. Preferring full sun, it will also grow in partial shade.[12]

Cultivars

Because of its easy growing habits and the bright, showy flowers of cultivars such as 'Roulettte' (tiger stripes of gold on a deep mahogany ground), plains coreopsis is increasingly used for landscape beautification and in flower gardens.[12]

References[]

  1. ^ The Plant List, Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt.
  2. ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  3. ^ "Coreopsis tinctoria". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  4. ^ Biota of North America Program 2014 county distribution map
  5. ^ A biosystematic study of Coreopsis tinctoria and C. cardaminefolia (Compositae). Edwin B. Smith and Hampton M. Parker, Brittonia, Volume 23, Number 2, pages 161-170, doi:10.2307/2805432
  6. ^ Flora of China, 两色金鸡菊 liang se jin ji ju Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttall
  7. ^ Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. (2007). Weeds in South Texas and Northern Mexico. Lubbock: Texas Tech University Press. ISBN 0-89672-614-2
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b Flora of North America, Coreopsis tinctoria Nuttall, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia. 2: 114. 1821.
  9. ^ Stevenson, Matilda Coxe 1915 Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians. SI-BAE Annual Report #30 (p.80)
  10. ^ Stevenson, p.66
  11. ^ Stevenson, p.84
  12. ^ Jump up to: a b Pink, A. (2004). Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.

External links[]

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