PlayStation controller

PlayStation controller

Developer	Sony Computer Entertainment
Manufacturer	Sony
Type	Video game controller
Generation	Fifth generation
Release date	3 December 1994; 27 years ago (1994-12-03)
Discontinued	1997
Input	10× digital buttons (, , , , Start, Select, L1, R1, L2, R2) Digital D-Pad
Connectivity	PlayStation controller port
Successor	Dual Analog Controller

The PlayStation controller is the first gamepad released by Sony Computer Entertainment for its PlayStation home video game console. The original version (model SCPH-1010) was released alongside the PlayStation on 3 December 1994.^[1]

Design[]

Based on the basic button configuration established with Nintendo's Super NES Controller, the PlayStation controller added a second pair of shoulder buttons for the middle fingers. Intended to update the gamepad for navigating 3D environments such as the ones PlayStation was designed to generate, the concept behind featuring shoulder buttons for both the index and middle fingers was to implement two-way directional depth controls using the two sets of buttons. To compensate for the less stable grip from shifting the middle fingers' placement to the shoulders, grip handles were added to the controller.^[2]

Using the simple geometric shapes of a green triangle, a red circle, a blue cross, and a pink square (△ ○ × □) to label its action buttons rather than traditionally used letters or numbers, the PlayStation controller established a trademark which would be incorporated heavily into the PlayStation brand. In an interview with Teiyu Goto, designer of the original PlayStation controller, he explained what the symbols mean: the circle and cross represent "yes" and "no", respectively (which explains their common use as "confirm" and "cancel" in games; this layout is reversed in Western games); the triangle symbolizes a point of view and the square is equated to a sheet of paper there to be used to access menus.^[3]

The PlayStation 2 console is backward-compatible with the original PlayStation controller, with limited function due to a lack of analog sticks and pressure sensitive buttons.

History[]

Ken Kutaragi recounted the designing of the controller:

In development, we simulated every possible joypad situation. We imagined what it would be like to have to continually put the pad down while mapping a game, or playing while lying on the floor, and many other cases. After that we had to decide on the weight of the buttons and the pad itself. We adjusted the weights one gram at a time and eventually we found the correct balance. We probably spent as much time on the joypad's development as we did on the body of the machine.^[4]

Both Goto and Kutaragi recalled that Sony president Norio Ohga showed a special interest in the development of the controller, and strongly supported the final version.^[3]

On April 2, 1996, Sony released a revised version of the PlayStation controller (model SCPH-1080), which is 10% larger than the launch model and features a longer cord with a ferrite bead.^[1] This model was bundled with all subsequent PlayStation consoles including North American launch models.

After briefly selling the Dual Analog Controller in 1997, Sony began phasing out the PlayStation controller later that year with the introduction of the DualShock controller, which would become the new standard controller for the PlayStation, although the first game to require its use, Ape Escape, would only be released two years later.^[5]

References[]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to PlayStation Controller.