Plectorhinchus
Plectorhinchus | |
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Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Actinopterygii |
Order: | Perciformes |
Family: | Haemulidae |
Subfamily: | Plectorhinchinae |
Genus: | Plectorhinchus Lacépède, 1801[2] |
Type species | |
Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides Lacépède, 1801[3]
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Synonyms[3] | |
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Plectorhinchus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish, sweetlips belonging to the subfamily Plectorhinchinae which is one of two subfamilies in the family Haemulidae which also includes the grunts. The species in this genus are found in fresh, brackish, and salt waters.
Description and characteristics[]
These fish have big, fleshy lips and tend to live on coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific in small groups or pairs. They will often associate with other fishes of similar species; several species of sweetlips sometimes swim together. They are usually seen in clusters in nooks and crannies or under overhangs. At nightfall, they venture from their shelters to seek out their bottom-dwelling invertebrate prey, such as bristleworms, shrimps, and small crabs.
Sweetlips colouring and patterning changes throughout their lives. For example, Plectorhinchus polytaenia develops more stripes with age. Juvenile sweetlips generally look quite different from the adults, and often live solitary lives on shallower reef sections. Juveniles may be banded or spotted and are usually a completely different colour from the adults of their species. Small juveniles have an undulating swimming pattern, possibly mimicking poisonous flatworms as a means of predator avoidance.[4][5]
Species[]
There are currently 34 recognized species in this genus:
- Plectorhinchus albovittatus (Rüppell, 1838) (Two-striped sweetlips)
- Plectorhinchus caeruleonothus & , 2015 (Blue bastard) [6] [1]
- Plectorhinchus ceylonensis (J. L. B. Smith, 1956) (Sri Lanka sweetlips)
- Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides Lacépède, 1801 (Harlequin sweetlips)
- (Bleeker, 1855) (Yellow-striped sweetlips)
- (Regan, 1919) (Dusky rubberlip)
- (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Crescent sweetlips)
- Plectorhinchus diagrammus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Striped sweetlips)
- (Forsskål, 1775)
- (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Lemonfish)
- Plectorhinchus gaterinus (Forsskål, 1775) (Blackspotted rubberlip)
- Plectorhinchus gibbosus (Lacépède, 1802) (Harry hotlips)
- (G. Cuvier, 1830) [6]
- (G. Cuvier, 1830) (Lesson's thicklip)
- Plectorhinchus lineata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Yellowbanded sweetlips)
- (Boulenger, 1899) (Biglip grunt)
- Plectorhinchus macrospilus & J. E. Randall, 2000 (Largespot sweetlips)
- Plectorhinchus mediterraneus (Guichenot, 1850) (Rubberlip grunt)
- (W. J. Macleay, 1878) (Many-lined sweetlips)
- (Günther, 1872) (Giant sweetlips)
- Steindachner, 1895 (Zebra sweetlips)
- (, 1936) (Trout sweetlips)
- Plectorhinchus picus (G. Cuvier, 1828) (Painted sweetlips)
- Fowler, 1935 (Barred rubberlip)
- (Pellegrin, 1914) (Whitebarred rubberlip)
- Plectorhinchus polytaenia (Bleeker, 1853) (Ribboned sweetlips)
- (Forsskål, 1775) (Minstrel sweetlips)
- (Klunzinger, 1870) (Sordid rubberlip)
- (Klunzinger, 1870)
- (W. J. Macleay, 1883) (Sombre sweetlips) [6]
- Plectorhinchus vittatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Indian Ocean oriental sweetlips)
Plectorhinchus cinctus
Plectorhinchus flavomaculatus
Plectorhinchus gaterinus
Plectorhinchus gibbosus
Plectorhinchus lineata
Plectorhinchus obscurus
Plectorhinchus picus
Plectorhinchus polytaenia
Plectorhinchus vittatus
Juveniles
References[]
- ^ Sepkoski, J. (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560.
- ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2021). Species of Plectorhinchus in FishBase. February 2021 version.
- ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Haemulidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 19 April 2021.
- ^ Debelius, H. Asia Pacific Reef Guide. 2001. ISBN 3-925919-56-2
- ^ Debelius, H. Indian Ocean Reef Guide. 2001. ISBN 978-3-931702-67-0
- ^ a b c Johnson, J.W.; Worthington Wilmer, J. (2015). "Plectorhinchus caeruleonothus, a new species of sweetlips (Perciformes: Haemulidae) from northern Australia and the resurrection of P. unicolor (Macleay, 1883), species previously confused with P. schotaf (Forsskål, 1775)". Zootaxa. 3985 (4): 491–522. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3985.4.2. PMID 26250161.
- Plectorhinchinae
- Extant Miocene first appearances
- Taxa named by Bernard Germain de Lacépède
- Marine fish genera