Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia

Names
	English: Louise Margaret Alexandra Victoria Agnes; German: Luise Margarete Alexandra Viktoria Agnes

Princess Louise Margaret
Princess Louise Margaret
Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn
	Photograph by James Lafayette, 1907
Viceregal consort of Canada
	In role; 13 October 1911 – 11 November 1916
Monarch	George V
Governor General	The Duke of Connaught and Strathearn
Personal details
Born	25 July 1860; Potsdam, Kingdom of Prussia
Died	14 March 1917 (aged 56); Clarence House, London
Burial	19 March 1917; St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle; 23 October 1928 ; Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore
Spouse	Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn (m. 1879)
Issue	Margaret, Crown Princess of Sweden; Prince Arthur; Princess Patricia;
Names
Names
	English: Louise Margaret Alexandra Victoria Agnes; German: Luise Margarete Alexandra Viktoria Agnes
House	Hohenzollern
Father	Prince Frederick Charles of Prussia
Mother	Princess Maria Anna of Anhalt-Dessau

Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia (Louise Margaret Alexandra Victoria Agnes; 25 July 1860 – 14 March 1917), later Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn, was a member of the House of Hohenzollern and of the British royal family. She served as the viceregal consort of Canada when her husband, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, served as the governor general from 1911 to 1916.

Early life[]

Princess Louise Margaret was born at Marmorpalais (Marble Palace) near Potsdam, Kingdom of Prussia.^[1] Her father was Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1828–1885), the son of Karl of Prussia (1801–1883) and his wife Princess Marie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (1808–1877). Her mother was Princess Maria Anna of Anhalt (1837–1906), daughter of Leopold IV of Anhalt-Dessau. Her father, a nephew of the German Emperor Wilhelm I, distinguished himself as a field commander during the Battle of Metz and the campaigns west of Paris in the 1870–71 Franco-Prussian War. Her father was a double cousin of the German Emperor Friedrich III, the husband of her sister-in-law, Victoria, Princess Royal.

Marriage[]

On 13 March 1879, Princess Louise Margaret married Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn at St. George's Chapel Windsor.^[2] Prince Arthur was the seventh child and third son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.^[3] An account cited that it was a love match, with the princess also keen to get away from royal residence in Berlin and from her father's bullying.^[4]

The wedding was described as grand and the couple received a great number of expensive gifts; the Queen's gift consisted of a diamond tiara, a pearl and diamond pendant.^[2] Many members of England and Germany's royal families attended; these included the Prince and Princess of Wales.^[2] Queen Victoria herself was wearing the Koh-i-Noor diamond and a long white veil.^[4] After her marriage, Princess Louise was styled Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn and her name was Anglicised as Louise Margaret.

The couple had three children: Princess Margaret (1882), Prince Arthur (1883), and Princess Patricia. Princess Margaret married Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden and was the grandmother of King Carl XVI of Sweden, Queen Anne-Marie of Greece, and Queen Margarethe II of Denmark.^[5] Prince Arthur served as the governor-general of South Africa.^[5]

Duchess of Connaught[]

Louise, Duchess of Connaught, John Singer Sargent, 1908

The Duchess of Connaught spent the first twenty years of her marriage accompanying her husband on his various deployments throughout the British Empire. The Duke and Duchess of Connaught acquired Bagshot Park in Surrey as their country home and after 1900 used Clarence House as their London residence. She accompanied her husband to Canada in 1911, when he began his term as governor-general. In 1916, she became colonel-in-chief of the 199th Canadian (Overseas) Infantry Battalion (The Duchess of Connaught's Own Irish-Canadian Rangers), CEF after Harry Trihey, the regiment's principal organizer and first commanding officer during World War I, secured her as patron.^[6] In 1885, she became chief of the 64th (8th Brandenburg) Regiment of Infantry "Field Marshal General Prince Friedrich Karl of Prussia", Prussian Army.

Death and legacy[]

The Duchess of Connaught died of influenza and bronchitis at Clarence House.^[1] She became the first member of the British royal family to be cremated. This was done at Golders Green Crematorium.^[7] The procedure of burying ashes in an urn was still unfamiliar at the time, and her urn was transported in an ordinary coffin during the funeral ceremonies. King George V still ordered four weeks of mourning dress and a military guard of honor during the funeral.^[7] Her ashes were eventually buried at the Royal Burial Ground, Frogmore.^[1] The Duke of Connaught survived her by almost twenty-five years.

The maternity hospital adjacent to the Cambridge Military Hospital at Aldershot was named in her honor as the Louise Margaret Maternity Hospital. She laid the foundation stone of this hospital, which was constructed for the wives and children of the Aldershot Garrison.^[8]

Titles, styles, honours and arms[]

Titles and styles[]

25 July 1860 – 13 March 1879: Her Royal Highness Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia^[9]
13 March 1879 – 14 March 1917: Her Royal Highness The Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn^[10]

Honours[]

CI: Companion of the Crown of India, March 1879
VA: Royal Order of Victoria and Albert, 1st Class, 1893
DStJ: Lady of Justice of St. John, 1888
RRC: Member of the Royal Red Cross, 1883
Empire of Japan: Grand Cordon of the Precious Crown, 8 May 1890^[11]

Arms[]


Coat of arms of Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia, Duchess of Connaught

Issue[]

Name	Birth	Death	Notes
Princess Margaret of Connaught	15 January 1882	1 May 1920	married, 15 June 1905, Crown Prince Gustaf Adolf of Sweden; had issue
Prince Arthur of Connaught	13 January 1883	12 September 1938	married, 15 October 1913, Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife; had issue
Princess Patricia of Connaught	17 March 1886	12 January 1974	married, 27 February 1919, Captain Sir Alexander Ramsay, renouncing her title and becoming Lady Patricia Ramsay; had issue

Ancestry[]

showAncestors of Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia

References[]

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Weir, Alison (2011). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. New York: Random House. p. 311. ISBN 978-1-4464-4911-0.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c "Royal Marriage Bells" (PDF), The New York Times, London, 13 March 1879
^ Todd, Herbert George (2016). Armory and Lineages of Canada. The Armorial Register Limited. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-9568157-9-8.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Rappaport, Helen (2003). Queen Victoria: A Biographical Companion. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 45. ISBN 1-85109-355-9.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Panton, James (2011). Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-8108-7497-8.
^ Bunbury, Turtle (2014). The Glorious Madness – Tales of the Irish and the Great War: First-hand accounts of Irish men and women in the First World War. Gill & Macmillan Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7171-6614-5.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Mates, Lewis H. (2005). Encyclopedia of Cremation. New York: Routledge. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-754-63773-8.
^ Vickers, Paul H. (2012). Aldershot Through Time. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-1-4456-2648-2.
^ "The London Gazette, Issue 24743, Page 4467". 15 July 1879.
^ "The London Gazette, Issue 26947, Page 1696". 14 March 1898.
^ 刑部芳則 (2017). 明治時代の勲章外交儀礼 (PDF) (in Japanese). 明治聖徳記念学会紀要. p. 157.

Honorary titles
Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia House of Hohenzollern Born: 25 July 1860 Died: 14 March 1917
Preceded by The Countess Grey	Viceregal consort of Canada 1911–1916	Succeeded by The Duchess of Devonshire

[:0-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Weir, Alison (2011). Britain's Royal Families: The Complete Genealogy. New York: Random House. p. 311. ISBN 978-1-4464-4911-0.

[nyt-2] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c "Royal Marriage Bells" (PDF), The New York Times, London, 13 March 1879

[3] Todd, Herbert George (2016). Armory and Lineages of Canada. The Armorial Register Limited. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-9568157-9-8.

[:3-4] Jump up to: ^a ^b Rappaport, Helen (2003). Queen Victoria: A Biographical Companion. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 45. ISBN 1-85109-355-9.

[:1-5] Jump up to: ^a ^b Panton, James (2011). Historical Dictionary of the British Monarchy. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press. p. 58. ISBN 978-0-8108-7497-8.

[6] Bunbury, Turtle (2014). The Glorious Madness – Tales of the Irish and the Great War: First-hand accounts of Irish men and women in the First World War. Gill & Macmillan Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7171-6614-5.

[:2-7] Jump up to: ^a ^b Mates, Lewis H. (2005). Encyclopedia of Cremation. New York: Routledge. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-754-63773-8.

[8] Vickers, Paul H. (2012). Aldershot Through Time. Amberley Publishing Limited. ISBN 978-1-4456-2648-2.

[9] "The London Gazette, Issue 24743, Page 4467". 15 July 1879.

[10] "The London Gazette, Issue 26947, Page 1696". 14 March 1898.

[11] 刑部芳則 (2017). 明治時代の勲章外交儀礼 (PDF) (in Japanese). 明治聖徳記念学会紀要. p. 157.

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show v t Prussian princesses by birth
The generations are numbered from the ascension of Frederick I as King in Prussia in 1701.
1st generation	Luise Dorothea, Hereditary Princess of Hesse-Kassel
2nd generation	Wilhemine, Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth Friederike Luise, Margravine of Brandenburg-Ansbach Philippine Charlotte, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel Sophia Dorothea, Margravine of Brandenburg-Schwedt Louisa Ulrika, Queen of Sweden Princess Anna Amalia
3rd generation	Wilhelmine, Princess of Orange Louise, Princess Antoni Radziwiłł
4th generation	Princess Frederica Charlotte, Duchess of York and Albany Wilhelmina, Queen of the Netherlands Augusta, Electress of Hesse
5th generation	Alexandra Feodorovna, Empress of Russia Alexandrine, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin Louise, Princess Frederick of the Netherlands Frederica, Duchess of Anhalt-Dessau Elisabeth, Princess Charles of Hesse and by Rhine Marie, Queen of Bavaria
6th generation	Louise, Grand Duchess of Baden Louise, Landgravine of Hesse-Philippsthal-Barchfel Anna, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel Charlotte, Hereditary Princess of Saxe-Meiningen Alexandrine, Duchess William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
7th generation	Charlotte, Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen Viktoria, Princess Adolf of Schaumburg-Lippe Sophia, Queen of the Hellenes Margaret, Landgravine of Hesse Marie, Princess Albert of Saxe-Altenburg Elisabeth, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Oldenburg Princess Louise Margaret, Duchess of Connaught and Strathearn
8th generation	Viktoria Luise, Duchess of Brunswick and Princess of Hanover Victoria Margaret, Princess Heinrich XXXIII Reuss of Köstritz
9th generation	Princess Alexandrine Irene

show v t British princesses by marriage
1st generation	Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach
2nd generation	Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
3rd generation	Maria Waldegrave Anne Horton
4th generation	Duchess Caroline of Brunswick Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Duchess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel The Princess Mary*
5th generation	Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg
6th generation	Princess Alexandra of Denmark Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont Princess Thyra of Denmark
7th generation	Princess Mary of Teck Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife* Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia
8th generation	Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon Lady Alice Montagu Douglas Scott Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark
9th generation	Birgitte van Deurs Katharine Worsley Baroness Marie Christine von Reibnitz
10th generation	Lady Diana Spencer Camilla Parker Bowles Sarah Ferguson Sophie Rhys-Jones
11th generation	Catherine Middleton Meghan Markle
*also a British princess in her own right

show v t Princesses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha by marriage
1st generation	Duchess Marie of Württemberg Princess Maria Antonia Koháry de Csábrág* Princess Louise of Orléans
2nd generation	Princess Alexandrine of Baden Victoria of the United Kingdom Maria II of Portugal and the Algarves Princess Clémentine of Orléans Archduchess Marie Henriette of Austria Princess Marie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
3rd generation	Princess Alexandra of Denmark* Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia* Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia* Princess Helen of Waldeck and Pyrmont* Princess Louise of Belgium Princess Leopoldina of Brazil Duchess Elisabeth in Bavaria**
4th generation	Princess Mary of Teck* Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife* Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg*** Archduchess Karoline Marie of Austria Princess Mathilde of Bavaria
5th generation	Countess Viktoria-Luise of Solms-Baruth
7th generation	Kelly Rondestvedt^
*princess of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld by marriage until 1826 **also a princess of Belgium by marriage ***also a British princess by marriage ^did not have a royal or noble title by birth

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