Protein arginine methyltransferase 5

PRMT5
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 4GQB, 4X60, 4X61, 4X63, 5EML, 5FA5, 5EMJ, 5EMK, 5EMM, 5C9Z
Identifiers
Aliases	PRMT5, HRMT1L5, IBP72, JBP1, SKB1, SKB1Hs, Protein arginine methyltransferase 5, HSL7
External IDs	OMIM: 604045 MGI: 1351645 HomoloGene: 4454 GeneCards: PRMT5
EC number	2.1.1.321
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 14 (human)[1] Band 14q11.2 Start 22,920,525 bp[1] End 22,929,408 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse)[2] Band 14|14 C2 Start 54,744,644 bp[2] End 54,754,982 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Top expressed in testicle cerebellum prostate left ventricle More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function methyltransferase activity transferase activity histone methyltransferase activity (H4-R3 specific) GO:0001106 transcription corepressor activity methyl-CpG binding core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding GO:0001948 protein binding protein heterodimerization activity ribonucleoprotein complex binding histone-arginine N-methyltransferase activity protein-arginine N-methyltransferase activity protein-arginine omega-N symmetric methyltransferase activity identical protein binding GO:0032403 protein-containing complex binding E-box binding Cellular component cytoplasm cytosol Golgi apparatus nucleoplasm methylosome nucleus histone methyltransferase complex protein-containing complex Biological process regulation of mitotic nuclear division positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation regulation of transcription, DNA-templated histone H4-R3 methylation rhythmic process DNA-templated transcription, termination negative regulation of cell differentiation peptidyl-arginine N-methylation endothelial cell activation circadian regulation of gene expression transcription, DNA-templated spliceosomal snRNP assembly liver regeneration methylation peptidyl-arginine methylation regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade regulation of DNA methylation cell population proliferation Golgi ribbon formation protein methylation negative regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathway regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator peptidyl-arginine methylation, to symmetrical-dimethyl arginine chromatin organization histone arginine methylation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	10419	27374
Ensembl	ENSG00000100462	ENSMUSG00000023110
UniProt	O14744	Q8CIG8
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001039619 NM_001282953 NM_001282954 NM_001282955 NM_001282956 NM_006109	NM_013768 NM_001313906 NM_001313907
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001034708 NP_001269882 NP_001269883 NP_001269884 NP_001269885 NP_006100	NP_001300835 NP_001300836 NP_038796
Location (UCSC)	Chr 14: 22.92 – 22.93 Mb	Chr 14: 54.74 – 54.75 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRMT5 gene.^[5][6] PRMT5 symmetrically dimethylates H2AR3, H4R3, H3R2, and H3R8 in vivo, all of which are linked to a range of transcriptional regulatory events.^[7]

PRMT5 is a highly conserved arginine methyltransferase that translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus at embryonic day ~E8.5, and during preimplantation development at the ~4-cell stage.^[8]

Model organisms[]

Model organisms have been used in the study of PRMT5 function. A conditional knockout mouse line, called Prmt5^{tm2a(EUCOMM)Wtsi[14][15]} was generated as part of the International Knockout Mouse Consortium program — a high-throughput mutagenesis project to generate and distribute animal models of disease to interested scientists.^[16][17][18]

Male and female animals underwent a standardized phenotypic screen to determine the effects of deletion.^[12][19] Twenty five tests were carried out on mutant mice and two significant abnormalities were observed.^[12] No homozygous mutant embryos were identified during gestation, and therefore none survived until weaning. The remaining tests were carried out on heterozygous mutant adult mice but no further abnormalities were observed.^[12]

A conditional allele of Prmt5 in the mouse limb shows that it is essential for maintaining a progenitor population, as conditional mutants have limb defects ^[20]

Interactions[]

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 has been shown to interact with:

• CLNS1A,^{[21][22][23][24]}
• Janus kinase 2,^[25]
• SNRPD3,^[23]
• SUPT5H,^[26]
• WD repeat-containing protein 77,^[21]
• RIOK1, ^[27][24]
• . ^[24][28]

PRMT5 has been shown to interact with CLNS1A, RIOK1 and through an interface created by a shallow groove located on the TIM barrel domain of PRMT5 and the consensus sequence GQF[D/E]DA[E/D] located in the terminal regions of the adaptor proteins.^[24][29]

References[]

Further reading[]