Pyrolirion

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For the African and Asian flame lilies, see Gloriosa (plant).

Fire lilies
Flame lilies
1724 Pyrolirion arvense.jpg
golden flame lily
()[1]
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamily: Amaryllidoideae
Tribe: Eustephieae
Genus: Pyrolirion
Herb.
Synonyms[2]

Leucothauma Ravenna

Pyrolirion, commonly known as fire lilies or flame lilies, is a small genus of herbaceous, bulb-forming South American plants in the Amaryllis family, native to Chile, Peru, and Bolivia.[3][4]

Description[]

Pyrolirion have thin linear leaves that may be pointed at the tips. The flowers, which can vary in coloration, are borne erect on solitary hollow scapes. The perigone is funnel-shaped, with a cylindrical tube that flares out abruptly to star-like radially arranged (actinomorphic) petals. Small scale-like "paraperigone" may be present at the base.[5]

The stamens arise from or below the throat. The style has three branches at the tip with spoon-shaped (spatulate) stigmas. The seeds are laterally compressed, colored black with white seams (raphe).[5]

Systematics[]

The genus Pyrolirion was first established by the British botanist William Herbert in 1837.[6] The name Pyrolirion is from Greek πῦρ (pyr, "fire") and λείριον (leirion, "lily"). It is named after the flame-like colors of the flowers of (the golden flame lily).[7][8]

Pyrolirion is classified under the tribe Eustephieae of the subfamily Amaryllidoideae, family Amaryllidaceae. It was previously sometimes considered by some authors as a subgenus of Zephyranthes (rain lilies), but DNA sequencing has shown that it is a distinct genus more closely related to the genera Chlidanthus, Eustephia, and Hieronymiella in the tribe Eustephieae than to members of the tribe Hippeastreae.[9][10]

Species

The species-level classification of Pyrolirion is unclear and in need of further study. The following are accepted at present (April 2015)[2][11][12]

  1. Herb. - Perú (Arequipa)
  2. (F.Dietr.) - Perú (Cusco, Lima)
  3. (Baker) Sealy - Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
  4. (Cárdenas) Ravenna - Bolivia (Cochabamba)
  5. Herb. - Perú (Cusco, Lima)
  6. Ravenna - Perú
  7. Ravenna - Perú
  8. (L'Hér.) M.Roem. - Perú, Chile

References[]

  1. ^ 1835 illustration from Edwards's Botanical Register; Consisting of Coloured Figures of Exotic Plants Cultivated in British Gardens; with their History and Mode of Treatment. London 20: t. 1724. As Pyrolirion aureum
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  3. ^ Herbert, William 1821. Appendix to Botanical Register, page 37
  4. ^ Tropicos, Pyrolirion Herb.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b A.W. Meerow & D.A. Snijman (1998). "Amaryllidaceae". In Klaus Kubitzki (ed.). Flowering plants, Monocotyledons: Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Volume III. Springer. p. 103. ISBN 978-3-540-64060-8. |volume= has extra text (help)
  6. ^ William Herbert (1863). Amaryllidaceae: preceded by an attempt to arrange the monocotyledonous orders, and followed by a treatise on cross-bred vegetables, and supplement. James Ridgway & Sons. pp. 183–185.
  7. ^ David H. McNicoll (1863). Dictionary of natural history terms with their derivations: including the various orders, genera, and species. Lovell Reeve & Co. p. 435. Pyrolirion.
  8. ^ David Gledhill (2008). The Names of Plants. Cambridge University Press. p. 322. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.
  9. ^ "Hippeastreae" (in French). Amaryllidaceae.org, Société Française des Iris et plantes Bulbeuses (SFIB). Archived from the original on October 24, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2011.
  10. ^ "Pyrolirion". Pacific Bulb Society. Retrieved November 29, 2011.
  11. ^ "Pyrolirion" (in French). Amaryllidaceae.org, Société Française des Iris et plantes Bulbeuses (SFIB). Retrieved November 29, 2011.
  12. ^ "Pyrolirion". The Plant List: A working list of all plant species. Retrieved November 29, 2011.
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