Queen Sasuk

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Queen Sasuk
사숙왕후
Queen Consort of Goryeo
Tenure1083–1094
Coronation1083
PredecessorRoyal Consort Jeongsin
SuccessorQueen Myeongui
Queen Mother of Goryeo
Tenure1094–1095
Coronation1094
Predecessor
SuccessorQueen Mother Myeongui
Regent MonarchKing Heonjong
Bornc.1065
Kingdom of Goryeo
Diedc.1107
Kingdom of Goryeo
Burial
Illeung tomb
Spouse
​
(before 1094)​
[1]
IssueHeonjong of Goryeo
Unnamed Princess[2]
[3]
Regnal name
  • Consort Yeonhwa (연화궁비, 延和宮妃)
  • Concubine of Duke Gukwon (국원공빈, 國原公賓)
  • Duchess Consort Gukwon (국원공비, 國原公妃)
  • Queen Mother Sasuk (사숙태후, 思肅太后)
Posthumous name
  • Queen Gwangsuk Jeonghwa Sasuk
    (광숙정화사숙왕후, 匡肅貞和思肅王后)
  • Queen Mother Gwangsuk Jeonghwa Sasuk
    (광숙정화사숙태후, 匡肅貞和思肅太后)
HouseIncheon Yi (by birth)
House of Wang (by marriage)
FatherYi-Seok (이석)

Queen Sasuk of the Incheon Yi clan (Korean: 사숙왕후 이씨; Hanja: 思肅王后 李氏; c.1065 – c.1107) was a Korean Queen Consort as the second wife of her first cousin, Seonjong of Goryeo.[4][5] and became the mother of his successor, Heonjong of Goryeo. Both of , Princess Wonsin, Princess Janggyeong, Yi Ja-gyeom and were her first cousin; meanwhile Consort Jeongsin was her first cousin once removed.

Biography[]

Marriage and Palace life[]

She married Seonjong (2nd son of her aunt, ) when he was still Duke Gukwon (국원공) and then became Concubine of Duke Gukwon (국원공빈, 國原公賓) firstly, but after his 1st wife's death, she formally became Duchess Consort Gukwon (국원공비, 國原公妃) and lived in Duke's manor (공부, 公府) until his ascension.[6] In 1083, he ascended the throne and following this, she wad given royal title as Consort Yeonhwa (연화궁비, 延和宮妃) while lived in "Yeonhwa Palace" (연화궁, 延和宮). They later had a son in June 1084 and 2 daughter.[7] But, misfortune befell on them with their eldest daughter was died too early after birth[2] and the other daughter was born blind and won't have a change to married.[3]

Regency and death[]

Meanwhile, King Seonjong eventually died in 1094 due to his illness and their only young-son became the new King, Heonjong. Since the new king was still 11 years old at this time, so as his mother, Yi then became and acting as his regent with presided over and executed all government affairs including military and administrative affairs. As the queen mother, she moved to Yeongnyeong Mansion (영녕부, 永寧府) in Junghwa Hall (중화전, 中和殿) from her reigned day in 1 June.[6] In other words, she went directly to the court and observed the court affairs, also her orders were "Je" (제, 制) that corresponded to the King's orders and commands.

In 1095, Duke Gyerim became the new King after took over the young King's throne[4] while under such circumstances, the queen mother's cousin, (이자의) must lost his life after tried to revolt against Gyerim and made Wang-Yun ascended the throne. The young king also abdicated to his uncle after 1 year 5 months reigned, her official residence was closed under Gyerim's command and her power was completely cut off. Together with her son, Yi returned to her old palace where her late husband stayed in when he was still a Duke.[6]

In "Heungseong Palace" (흥성궁, 興盛宮), they two lived quietly and Heonjong died 2 years later which made Yeongnyeong Mansion and Junghwa Hall were all abolished.[6] From this time, she was considered to not lose her virtue even though she became more lonely than before and then passed away around in 1107 and enshrined in her husband's shrine.

Based on [1][2]

After life[]

King Sukjong's eldest son, King Yejong buried her in Illeung tomb, Gaeseong along with her husband and held her ritual.[6] She was said to had been suffered a lot after her son's deposition from the throne during the reign of King Sukjong. When King Yejong discussed about enshrined Consort Jeongsin in Seonjong's tomb, the officials said,

"Worty Consort Jeongsin wasn't long as the consort of Duke Gukwon and the Queen Mother wasn't the concubine of Duke Gukwon. Since her son, Heonjong succeeded the throne and her virtue wasn't lost until he left the throne, it was right to marry the queen mother. Also, she had contributed many things until she became the queen."
"정신현비는 국원공의 비(妃)로 있은 기간이 오래지 않았고, 태후는 국원공의 비빈으로서 왕비가 될 때까지 내조한 공이 많습니다. 그리고 아들인 헌종이 왕위를 계승하고 이후 퇴거할 때까지 그 덕을 잃은 것이 없으니 태후를 합사하는 것이 옳습니다."

From this point, it can be seen that Yi played a certain role as the spouse of Duke Gukwon and in Goryeosa, (임조칭제, 臨朝稱制; Imjochingje) referred to the political power of the Queen Mother which she used for her regency on behalf of the young-weak King. She was seen to exerted her political influence when she was a regent.[8]

Some peoples said,

"Queen Sasuk, a woman who enjoyed the highest power as a regent and was born as a daughter in the representative noble family during the period when Goryeo's noble aristocratic politics were prosperous."
"사숙태후는 고려의 문벌귀족 정치가 성하던 시절 대표 문벌가문의 딸로서 섭정을 하며 최고의 권력을 누렸던 여성이라 할 수 있다."

— 사숙태후 - 이투데이

Posthumous name[]

  • In April 1140 (18th year reign of King Injong), name Jeong-hwa (정화, 貞和) was added.
  • In October 1253 (40th year reign of King Gojong), name Gwang-suk (광숙, 匡肅) was added to her Posthumous name too.

[4][6]

References[]

  1. ^ Initially maternal first-cousin-in-law.
  2. ^ a b "고려시대 史料 Database". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved October 8, 2021.
  3. ^ a b "고려시대 史料 Database". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved October 8, 2021.
  4. ^ a b c "고려시대 史料 Database". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved October 8, 2021.
  5. ^ "고려 선종 왕후 사숙태후(思肅太后)". Naver (in Korean). Retrieved October 13, 2021.
  6. ^ a b c d e f "선종 후비 사숙태후 이씨". Goryeosa (in Chinese). Retrieved July 11, 2021.
  7. ^ "고려시대 史料 Database". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved October 13, 2021.
  8. ^ Lee, Jung-ran (2011). 고려 宣宗妃 思肅太后와 仁宗妃 恭睿太后 (in Korean). Korean History Research Institute. pp. 173–218. ISSN 1738-3307.

External links[]

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