Robin Hill (Australian artist)

Robin Hill (born 1932) is an Australian artist and writer, living in the United States and specialising in natural history subjects, especially birds.

Hill was born in Brisbane, the capital of the Australian state of Queensland. He was trained at the Wimbledon School of Art and, after moving back to Australia in 1949, at the National Gallery of Victoria Art School and the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology. In the early to mid 1960s he worked for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation as the host on Bush Quest with Robin Hill. Helping to pioneer this television documentary on Australian wildlife with the producer Ken Taylor, Hill used his serious knowledge and love of birds to observe the local bird and wild life across various bush and wetlands of Victoria. Bush Quest with Robin Hill featured Hill describing the Victorian birdlife in an often improvised and poetic style as well as painting particular birds in watercolours that he had observed during the making of each episode. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation produced a total of six thirty-minute episodes all in black and white. During this period of the 1960s as well as producing and exhibiting his paintings Hill was commissioned by a popular biscuit company to produce paintings for biscuit tins. These tins featured Hill's paintings of birds and circulated commercially within Australia at the time. Hill moved to the United States in 1971, where he established studios in Virginia and Washington D.C. Since then he has had several exhibitions, including a solo show at the Corcoran Gallery of Art and an exhibition cosponsored by the World Wildlife Fund and the Australian Embassy. He has also undertaken numerous commissions. During the 1970s and 1980s, for example, Hill was commissioned to paint complete sets of American birds—The Endangered Species; The Ducks, Geese, and Swans; The Upland Game Birds; The Birds of Prey; and The Marsh Birds.^[1]

Early life and family []

Robin Hill was born in 1932, in the city of Brisbane in Queensland, Australia.^[2]  A year after his birth he moved to England with his family, in which he lived until he was sixteen.^[3] During his childhood in England he developed his passion for observing Wildlife and the natural environment which later fueled his art.^[4] Whilst living in England, at the age of eleven he began taking classes at the Wimbledon College of Arts in London.^[5] At the age of sixteen Hill moved back to Australia with his family in 1949, in which he was transferred to National Gallery Art School where he was enrolled in for two years.^[6] After the two years of classes at the National Gallery Art school, Hill transferred to the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (known at the time as the Melbourne Technical College) where he took classes until he began his hiatus from education.^{[7] [8]} For three years Hill lived off native Australian Bushland around the Murrumbidgee river area, pausing his education to immerse himself in the Australian environment.^[9] After the three years of living in the bush, Hill returned to the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology for another two years until he graduated.^[10] In this same year Hill began his permanent residence in America, setting up art studios in the states of Virginia and Washington D.C.^[11]

Robin Hill was married to Australian Actress Betty Bobbitt in 1963, this marriage produced their son Christopher Hill.^[12] In 1966 Hill and Bobbitt were divorced.^[13] Hill went on to marry Marcia née McGee, whom he met whilst exhibiting his paintings in Middleburg at the Sporting Gallery in 1971.^[14]

Education[]

Robin Hill attended the Wimbledon School of Art at age eleven during the 1940’s, this being the first artistic form of education he underwent in his lifetime.^[15] Hill went on to study at the National Gallery Art school in Melbourne in 1949 taking painting classes, during his education he won a student prize for a landscape artwork of demolished buildings in the suburb of Carlton, Victoria.^[16] After two years at the National Gallery Art school Hill was then enrolled at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology in which he underwent Harold Freeman's ‘The Art of the Book’ four year book design course studying typography and illustration.^[17] During the final year of his education at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Hill was awarded with an illustration prize as well as a scholarship that funded his tuition.^[18] He graduated from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology with a diploma in book designing.^[19]

Career[]

During the pause Hill took from his education at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Hill lived in the Australian bush and took on temporary seasonal occupation to support this lifestyle.^[20] Hill developed a wide range of occupations and skills including sheep shearing, blacksmithing, cattle herding, boundary riding, fruit picking and rail road track working.^{[21] [22]} After graduating Hill took on various jobs that utilised the illustration skills he developed at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, he worked for a packaging company designing packaging for three months, this being the first artistic job he was employed in.^[23] He then went on to work for an advertisement agency, followed by working as a magazine illustrator for two years.^[24] He then taught art classes two years, this involved instructing clay sculpting, illustration and painting, among other artistic techniques.^[25] The first profit he received for his art was made from an exhibition held at the Australian Galleries in 1958 in which he exhibited lithographs of birds of prey, his works sold out and he received around 500 pounds.^[26] After this he went on to continue teaching whilst doing commissions. This was followed by his employment at the ABV’s (the ABC’s Victoria station) graphic design department in which he designed televised animations and title graphics.^[27] 

Television Series[]

Throughout the 1970’s Hill was involved in the (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) ABC's first televised nature documentary series Bush Quest with Robin Hill with director and producer Ken Taylor.^{[28] [29]} This series began broadcasting in 1970, with Hill as the host providing observations and commentary on bird species in the state of Victoria.^[30] The success of his contribution to wildlife television on the ABC was foundational for the production of the 1973 ABC Natural History Unit. Hill incited an increase in traction for wildlife documentaries on the ABC with the ABC’s series Wild Australia being based Hill’s series.^[31] The series focused on observing a wide range of species to showcase diversity and the importance of environmental sustainability, this being a common focus in 1970’s wildlife documentaries.^{[32] [33]} The series was built upon an awareness of environmental issues that Ken Taylor and Hill had developed observing degradation of habitats in New South Wales.^[34] In the series advocation for conservation of natural habitats was presented, cultivating a rising awareness of environmental issues in Australian television, as well as following a trend of televised recognition of human impact on the environmental beginning to form in the 1970’s.^{[35] [36]}

Paintings[]

Hill has a wide-ranging artistic ability and is able to paint multiple differing subjects; he has painted not only birds, but also many animals such as dogs and farm animals.^[37] Hill not only paints wildlife and animals but has also painted portraits.^[38] Hill has also painted non-living subjects such as still life, landscapes, industrial sites and pre-Columbian ruins.^[39] Hill has also worked with many artistic mediums such as watercolour, gouache and oils.^[40]

Inspiration[]

During Robin Hills childhood he began birdwatching, the continued observation of wildlife and birdwatching later inspired his art.^[41] Hill also attributes the development of his artistic style to the drawings he did in his time living in the bush where he was able to observe native birds in the Australian environment.^[42] Another contributor to his artistic career is the book designing course he took at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, which led to the development of his natural history drawing style.^[43] His connection with the course’s coordinator Harold Freeman led him to create a collection of Australian bird lithographs, with Freeman encouraging his artistic ability.^[44] These lithographs of birds of prey were exhibited by the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology’s print and lithography group in an exhibition they held.^[45] This was a catalyst for Hills first commercial exhibition in the Australian Galleries in 1958, in which he exhibited around thirty paintings of birds of prey inspired by his lithographs.^[46] It took him eighteen months to prepare all the paintings he presented at this exhibition.^[47] He also had a second exhibition in 1960 at the Australian Galleries developing from the success of his first exhibition.^[48] Hill has traveled extensively during the course of his artistic career, drawing inspiration from many species of birds from various countries and continents, these include; Africa, Australia, Britain and America.^[49] Hill has also drawn inspiration from other artist such as Botticelli, Durer, Reubens and Michelangelo.^[50] There is also an eastern influence on Hills works, as he has been inspired by Japanese screen prints and Chinese scroll paintings of animals.^[51]

Technique[]

The construction of Hills watercolour artworks either develops from museum skin references or birdwatching sketches done in the natural environment.^[52] Hills utilisation of museum skins as references for his works has brought both negative and positive criticism.^{[53] [54]} Hills works are often painted on watercolour canvases; these canvases are prepared with a wetted sponge to allow the watercolour background wash to be applied.^[55]

Exhibitions[]

Hill has had works exhibited in many galleries, these include; the Australian Galleries in Melbourne, the Tyron Galleries in London, the Morris Museum of Art in Georgia and the Corcoran Gallery of Art in Washington D.C.^[56] Hill has had several exhibitions in many cities, such as; Melbourne, Sydney, Johannesburg, London, New York, Middleburg, Virginia, Georgia and Washington D. C.^[57] During the 1980s Hill had developed a set of paintings of upland game birds that were exhibited throughout various cities in America as part of a traveling exhibition held by the Smithsonian Institution.^[58] Hill has a permanent exhibition of more than two hundred endangered species of ducks, geese, swans, upland game birds, birds of prey and marsh birds at the Morris Museum of Art.^[59] His artistic presentation of endangered species contributes a promotion of awareness of environmental sustainability to the museum.^[60] Hill also went on to contribute works to a traveling exhibition that supported the World Wildlife Fund, this collection of works was titled the vanishing series and it included paintings of endangered and extinct bird species from North America.^[61] Hill was also commissioned in the 1980’s by Clyde’s Restaurant Group to create eighteen watercolour bird paintings that was displayed among the restaurants all of which were on large canvases, among these paintings was a nine by five feet triptych.^[62]

Publications[]

In addition to numerous articles in newspapers and magazines, Hill's publications include:

• 1960. Australia’s Waterfowl. (Text by M.C. Downes and Ina Watson). Victoria: Fisheries & Wildlife.
• 1962. Bushland and Seashore. An Australian nature adventure. Melbourne: Lansdowne Press.
• 1967. Australian Birds. Melbourne: Thomas Nelson.
• 1968. Bush Quest. Melbourne: Lansdowne Press.
• 1970. The Corner. A naturalist's journeys in south-eastern Australia. Melbourne: Lansdowne Press.
• 1987. The Waterfowl of North America. Augusta, GA: Morris Communications Corporation

Hill has also contributed written works to the magazine cruising world. These works include informative columns on bird species such as the brown pelican, the great blue heron and the snowy egret.^{[63] [64] [65]} His written work is accompanied with original sketches of the birds. These written contributions involved information about wildlife and his own experiences sailing.^[66] Hill also has participated the One-Two Race event held by Cruising World in Bermuda in 1981.^[67] During the race Hill dropped out due to issues with the self-steering system of his Folkboat.^[68]

Critical acclaim and legacy[]

Walkabout columnist P. J. Kadwell has compared Hill to the American ornithologist and painter Roger Peterson, praising Hills works for their contribution to the reference catalogue of Australian bird species.^[69] Another Walkabout columnist Graham Pizzey regarded Hill highly in his column on Hills painting career.^[70] Pizzey even owns a painting of egrets produced by Hill. A third Walkabout columnist Peter Fenton appraises Hills unique talent and precision displayed in his artworks.^[71]

Hill has also received positive response from critics that viewed his first exhibition of bird paintings at the Australian Galleries in 1958.^[72] He received praise from the art critics Arnold Shore from the Melbourne Age and Alan Warren from the Sun News-Pictorial.^[73] This exhibition was also a commercial success as Hill sold all of the paintings he exhibited.^[74] From this Hill received a commission of around five hundred euros.^[75] Hills second exhibition in the Australian Galleries in 1960 also received further positive response from critics, press and art buyers, which fostered further commissions and profit for Hill.^[76] Hills published works also received critical acclaim, with his book Australian Birds being a commercial success selling over 30,000 copies within its first week of sales.^[77] His publishing career further appraised with his book Bushland and Seashore winning a design award.^[78] Bushland and Seashore was selectively ranked in the top 25 of books representing the best of Australian publishing by a panel of book sellers in 1962.^[79] Hills publishing success also led to the commissioning of his book Australian Birds by Thomas Nelson, Ltd.^[80]

Hills works have also inspired other artists, the artist Brett Jarret has specifically taken inspiration from Hills book Australian Birds.^[81]

External links[]

• Robin Hill - Artist and Naturalist

References[]

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