Ruthenian Uniate Church
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The Ruthenian Uniate Church (Latin: Ecclesia Ruthena unita; Polish: Ruski Kościół Unicki) is a historical church that existed in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth following the Union of Brest. Creation of the church led to high degree of confrontation among Ruthenians, such as the murder of Josaphat Kuntsevych. The Union of Brest that was also perceived as part of Catholisation and Polonization processes contributed to the Khmelnytsky Uprising.
Following the partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, the church mostly dissolved within territory that was annexed by the Russian Empire with most of the church eparchies being forcibly converted to Russian Orthodoxy. On territory that was annexed by the Austrian Empire, the church was preserved, but was reorganized as a Greek Catholic Church under a Galician Metropolitan. Today, it survives as the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church, and the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church.
Composition (eparchies)[]
Administrative divisions of the Ruthenian Uniate (Greek-Catholic) Church in 1772 (before partition of Poland)
The archbishop Josaphat Kuntsevych encourages inhabitants at Vitebsk, Vitebsk Voivodeship, to join the union.[a]
- Metropolitan archeparchy of Kyiv, title Metropolitan of Kyiv, Galicia and all Rus
- Archeparchy of Polotsk
- Archeparchy of Smolensk
- Eparchy of Lutsk and Ostroh
- During the Great Northern War, Volhynia was occupied by Russian troops and eparchy was converted to Orthodoxy until withdrawal of troops
- Eparchy of Volodymyr and Brest
- Eparchy of Chełm
- Eparchy of Lviv
- Eparchy of Turov and Pinsk
- Eparchy of Przemyśl and Sambir
After partition[]
- Archeparchy of Polotsk, Metropolitan of all Byzantine Catholics in Russia
- Eparchy of Brest
- Eparchy of Lutsk
- Eparchy of Lithuania
- Eparchy of Supraśl
- Archeparchy of Lviv, Metropolitan of Galicia
- Eparchy of Chełm
- Eparchy of Przemyśl and Sambir
Metropolitan bishops[]
Metropolitans of Kyiv, Galicia and all Ruthenia:[2]
- 1596—1599 Michael Rohoza (Polish: Michał Rahoza, Belarusian: Міхаіл Рагоза)
- 1600—1613 Hypatius Pociej (Polish: Hipacy Pociej, Belarusian: Іпацій Пацей)
- 1613—1637 Joseph Rutski (Polish: Józef Welamin Rucki, Belarusian: Язэп Руцкі)
- 1637—1640 Raphael Korsak (Polish: Rafał Mikołaj Korsak, Belarusian: Рафаіл Корсак)
- 1641—1655 Antonius Sielawa (Polish: Antoni Sielawa, Belarusian: Антон Сялява)
- 1666—1674 Gabriel Kolenda (Polish: Gabriel Kolenda, Belarusian: Гаўрыла Календа)
- 1674—1693 Cyprian Żochowski (Polish: Cyprian Żochowski, Belarusian: Кіпрыян Жахоўскі)
- 1694—1708 Leo Załęski (Polish: Lew Ślubicz-Załęski, Ukrainian: Лев Слюбич-Заленський)
- 1708—1713 George Winnicki (Polish: Jerzy Winnicki, Ukrainian: Юрій Винницький)
- 1714—1729 Leo Kiszka (Polish: Leon Kiszka, Ukrainian: Лев Кишка)
- 1729—1746 Athanasius Szeptycki
- 1748—1762 Florian Hrebnicki
- 1762—1778 Philip Wołodkowicz
- 1778—1779 Leo Szeptycki
- 1780—1786 Jason Smogorzewski
- 1787—1805 Theodosius Rostocki
Post-partition administrators in Russia[]
- Heraclius Lisowski
Successors[]
- Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
- Belarusian Greek Catholic Church
- Russian Greek Catholic Church (affiliated with Russian Catholic Church)
Related[]
- Ruthenian Greek Catholic Church, Byzantine Rite church of Carpathian Ruthenians (better known as Rusyns).
Notes[]
- ^ In 1893, Russian painter Ilya Repin "depicted the moment when a Jesuit encourages residents of Vitebsk join the union," in a drawing on the theme of "preaching Kuntsevych".[1]
References[]
- ^ Brodskiĭ, Iosif; Moskvinov, V. N., eds. (1969). Новое о Репине : статьи и письма художника. Воспоминания учеников и друзей. Публикации (in Russian). Leningrad: Художник РСФСР. p. 389. OCLC 4599550.
[...] 1893 года на тему 'Проповедь Кунцевича', посвященных одному из героических эпизодов в жизни белорусского народа. Художник изобразил момент, когда монах-иезуит призывает жителей Витебска примкнуть к унии, [...]
- ^ Pelesz, Julian (1881). Geschichte der Union der ruthenischen Kirche mit Rom. Woerl. pp. 1083–84.
Further reading[]
- Frick, David A. (1984). "Meletij Smotryc'kyj and the Ruthenian Question in the Early Seventeenth Century". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 8 (3–4): 351–375. JSTOR 41036202.
- Litwin, Henryk (1987). "Catholicization among the Ruthenian Nobility and Assimilation Processes in the Ukraine during the Years 1569-1648" (PDF). Acta Poloniae Historica. 55: 57–83.
- Nemec, Ludvik (1968). "The Ruthenian Uniate Church in its Historical Perspective". Church History. 37 (4): 365–388. doi:10.2307/3162256. JSTOR 3162256.
- Shipman, Andrew J. (1912a). "Ruthenian Rite". The Catholic Encyclopedia. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company. pp. 276–277.
- Shipman, Andrew J. (1912b). "Ruthenians". The Catholic Encyclopedia. 13. New York: Robert Appleton Company. pp. 277–279.
- Wolff, Larry (2003). "The Uniate Church and the Partitions of Poland: Religious Survival in an Age of Enlightened Absolutism". Harvard Ukrainian Studies. 26 (2002-2003) (1–4): 153–244. JSTOR 41036852.
External links[]
- Uniate Churches. Encyclopedia.com
- Uniates and Greek Catholic church at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- Dzyuba, O. Kyiv Uniate Metropolitan Eparchy (КИЇВСЬКА УНІЙНА МИТРОПОЛІЯ). Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine
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Categories:
- Ruthenian Uniate Church
- Eastern Catholicism in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
- Belarusian Greek Catholic Church
- History of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
- Russian Greek Catholic Church
- History of Eastern Catholicism