Salla
Salla | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
| Sallan kunta Salla kommun | |
 Salla church | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Salla in Finland | |
| Coordinates: 66°50′N 028°40′E / 66.833°N 28.667°ECoordinates: 66°50′N 028°40′E / 66.833°N 28.667°E | |
| Country |  Finland |
| Region | Lapland |
| Sub-region | Eastern Lapland sub-region |
| Charter | 1857 |
| Government | |
| • Municipal manager | Erkki Parkkinen |
| Area (2018-01-01)[1] | |
| • Total | 5,873.08 km2 (2,267.61 sq mi) |
| • Land | 5,729.48 km2 (2,212.16 sq mi) |
| • Water | 142.73 km2 (55.11 sq mi) |
| Area rank | 7th largest in Finland |
| Population (2021-03-31)[2] | |
| • Total | 3,429 |
| • Rank | 207th largest in Finland |
| • Density | 0.6/km2 (2/sq mi) |
| Population by native language | |
| • Finnish | 98.9% (official) |
| • Swedish | 0.1% |
| • Sami | 0.1% |
| • Others | 0.9% |
| Population by age | |
| • 0 to 14 | 8.7% |
| • 15 to 64 | 52% |
| • 65 or older | 39.3% |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Municipal tax rate[5] | 20.25% |
| Website | www.salla.fi |
Salla (Kuolajärvi until 1936) is a municipality of Finland, located in Lapland. The municipality has a population of 3,429 (31 March 2021)[2] and covers an area of 5,873.08 square kilometres (2,267.61 sq mi) of which 142.73 km2 (55.11 sq mi) is water.[1] The population density is 0.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.6/sq mi). Neighbour municipalities are Kemijärvi, Kuusamo, Pelkosenniemi, Posio and Savukoski. The nearby settlement of Sallatunturi is home to the Salla Ski Resort.
History[]
Salla is in the Eastern Lapland and as a border area was affected by the Second World War. Red Army troops invaded Finland at Salla during the Winter War but were stopped by the Finnish Army (see Battle of Salla). Parts of the municipality were ceded to the Soviet Union after the war. The ceded part is sometimes called "Old Salla" or Vanha Salla. During the Continuation War the old town of Salla was on the Soviet side of the border. The German XXXVI Corps attacked the Soviet positions in an operation code-named Polarfuchs. With the help of the Finnish 6th Division it managed to occupy all of the ceded territories. At the end of the war the German troops were pushed out of Lapland by Finnish troops in the Lapland War.
The following villages were ceded to the Soviet Union: Alakurtti, Korja (Korya), Kuolajärvi (Kuoloyarvi), Lampela, Sallansuu, Yläkurtti (Yulyakurtti), Sovajärvi (Sovayarvi), Tuutijärvi (Tuutiyarvi) and Vuorijärvi (Vuoriyarvi).
In January 2021, the mayor of Salla, Erkki Parkkinen, launched a bid to host the 2032 Summer Olympic Games to raise awareness of climate change and highlight the threat the climate crisis poses to Salla and its ecosystem, which is dependent on low temperatures for most of the year.[6]
Transportation[]
Salla is the terminus of a freight-only railway line from Kemijärvi. In 2006, the Finnish Rail Administration announced proposals to close the line.[7] The railway formerly extended beyond Salla into Russia, but has never carried international traffic.
Climate[]
Salla has a subarctic climate (Dfc). Summer days are mild with about 1/3 of all days experiencing precipitation with nights tending to be cool. Winters are very long, cold, snowy, and extremely cloudy, lasting from the beginning of October through April, with mid-winter thaws being rare, and cold snaps relatively common. Spring and Autumn tend to be cool, not very variable, and short, lasting only a couple weeks to a few weeks in length.
The low temperature record of Salla is -50°C (-58°F), which was recorded in Naruska in 1985. It was also the record of Finland until 1999. On 28 January 1999, the unofficial record of Finland, -54,3°C (-65,7°F), was recorded in Naruska.[8]
| hideClimate data for Salla Kk (1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 5.5 (41.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
9.7 (49.5) |
17.5 (63.5) |
26.4 (79.5) |
30.3 (86.5) |
31.5 (88.7) |
28.7 (83.7) |
20.9 (69.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
8.2 (46.8) |
4.9 (40.8) |
31.5 (88.7) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −9.1 (15.6) |
−8.1 (17.4) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
3.4 (38.1) |
10.1 (50.2) |
16.3 (61.3) |
19.2 (66.6) |
15.9 (60.6) |
10.0 (50.0) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
3.9 (39.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −13.1 (8.4) |
−12.2 (10.0) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
5.3 (41.5) |
11.4 (52.5) |
14.3 (57.7) |
11.3 (52.3) |
6.1 (43.0) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−11.0 (12.2) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −18.0 (−0.4) |
−17.4 (0.7) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
0.4 (32.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
6.7 (44.1) |
2.4 (36.3) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−15.4 (4.3) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −45.3 (−49.5) |
−40.6 (−41.1) |
−36.5 (−33.7) |
−27.4 (−17.3) |
−16.5 (2.3) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−1.5 (29.3) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−12.6 (9.3) |
−26.2 (−15.2) |
−35.8 (−32.4) |
−40.2 (−40.4) |
−45.3 (−49.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 35 (1.4) |
30 (1.2) |
32 (1.3) |
28 (1.1) |
46 (1.8) |
57 (2.2) |
77 (3.0) |
65 (2.6) |
50 (2.0) |
48 (1.9) |
39 (1.5) |
37 (1.5) |
544 (21.4) |
| Average precipitation days | 10 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 117 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 86 | 85 | 81 | 72 | 69 | 67 | 73 | 80 | 85 | 88 | 90 | 87 | 80 |
| Source: Finnish Meteorological Institute[9] | |||||||||||||
Historical places[]
| Name | Place | Description | WGS 84 |
|---|---|---|---|
| The evangelic-Lutheran church of Salla | |||
| The | The Winter War front line 13 March 1940, when war ended. Located where the commander of the Swedish voluntary troops, lieutenant colonel fell on 1 March 1940.[10] | ||
| The Salpa Line |
In popular culture[]
Salla was referenced in the song 66°50’N, 28°40’E by Finnish death-doom band Swallow the Sun on their 2015 triple album Songs From the North I, II and III.
Gallery[]
The Salpa Line anti-tank obstacles in Aholanvaara
The Salpa Line anti-tank obstacles in Aholanvaara
Areas ceded to Soviet Union at the end of World War II
References[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ Jump up to: a b "Preliminary population structure by area, 2021M01*-2021M03*". StatFin (in Finnish). Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ "Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area km2 by area as of 31 December 2008". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003-2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ "List of municipal and parish tax rates in 2021" (PDF). Tax Administration of Finland. 1 December 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ "Arctic Town Launches Genius Bid for 2032 Summer Olympics to Raise Awareness of Climate Change". Retrieved 4 February 2021.
- ^ Finnish Railway News – Year 2006
- ^ "Suomen virallisesta pakkasennätyksestä 17 vuotta - sallalaiset tuohtuivat "väärästä" ennätyksestä".
- ^ "Climate data for Finland locations" (PDF). FMI. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
- ^ http://loma.salla.fi/fi/eramaa/kayntikohteet-_nahtavyydet/sotamuistomerkit_ja_kohteet/
External links[]
Media related to Salla at Wikimedia Commons- Municipality of Salla – Official website
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- Salla
- Populated places established in 1857
- Finland–Russia border crossings
- 1857 establishments in the Russian Empire