Shamsher Bahadur I (Krishna Rao)

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Krishna Rao
Son of Bajirao I and Jahagirdar of Banda and Kalpi. Subedar of Jhansi
Maratha ruler of Banda
Reign1753–1761
PredecessorPeshwa Bajirao I, Peshwa of Maratha Empire
Successor, Peshwa's Subedar of Banda
Born1734
Mastani Palace, Shaniwarwada, Pune, Maratha Empire.
Died18 January 1761(1761-01-18) (aged 26–27), Bharatpur
SpouseMehrambai
Names
Krishna Rao
HouseBanda (Maratha Empire)
FatherPeshwa Bajirao I
MotherMastani

Krishna Rao (28 January 1734 – 14 January 1761), also known as Shamsher Bahadur I, was a ruler of the Maratha dominion of Banda in northern India. He was the son of Bajirao I and Mastani.[1][2][3]

Early life[]

Krishna Rao was the son of Peshwa Bajirao I and his second wife Mastani, whose mother was a Persian Muslim. Bajirao wanted Shamsher Bahadur to be accepted as a Hindu Brahmin, but because of his mother's Muslim heritage, Brahmin priests refused to conduct the Hindu upanayana ceremony for him.

His education and military training was conducted in line with other sons of the Peshwa family, even though Maratha nobles and chiefs didn't recognize Mastani as a legitimate wife of the Peshwa.[1]

After the death of both Bajirao and Mastani in 1740, Shamsher was taken into the household of Kashibai, Bajirao's widow, and raised as one of her own. He married Laal Kunwar on 14 January 1749 and soon after her death in 1753, Shamsher Bahadur was married to Mehranbai on 18 October 1753.

Military Career and Reign[]

Shamsher Bahadur was bestowed upon a portion of his father's dominion of Banda and Kalpi in present day North Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.[citation needed]

He, alongside Raghunathrao, Malharrao Holkar, Dattaji Shinde, Jankoji Shinde and other Sardars, went to Punjab in 1757–1758 to fight the Durrani Empire and conquered Attock, Peshawar, Multan in 1758.[citation needed] He was part of Maratha Conquest of North India.

In 1761, he and his army contingent fought alongside his cousins from the Peshwa family in the Third Battle of Panipat between the Marathas and Afghan forces of Ahmad Shah Abdali. He was wounded in that battle and died a few days later at Deeg.[4]

Descendants[]

Upon the death of Shamsher, his son Krishna Sinh (Ali Bahadur) (1758-1802), became the Nawab of the dominion of Banda (present day Uttar Pradesh) in northern India, a vassal of Maratha polity.[5] Under the auspices of the powerful Maratha nobles, Ali Bahadur established his authority over large parts of Bundelkhand and became the Nawab of Banda and placed his trusted aide Ramsingh Bhatt as kotwal of Kalinjar.

His son and successor held allegiance towards the Maratha polity and fought the English in the Anglo-Maratha War of 1803[5][6] His descendant Ali Bahadur fought alongside Rani Lakshmibai in the First War of Indian Independence of 1857. After his defeat, Banda state was abolished.[7] The present day descendants of Shamsher Bahadur live in Central India.[8][9]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b Bhawan Singh Rana (1 January 2005). Rani of Jhansi. Diamond. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-81-288-0875-3.
  2. ^ Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur) (1951). The Inwardness of British Annexations in India. University of Madras. p. 219.
  3. ^ Rosemary Crill; Kapil Jariwala (2010). The Indian Portrat, 1560–1860. Mapin Publishing Pvt Ltd. p. 162. ISBN 978-81-89995-37-9.
  4. ^ Henry Dodwell (1958). The Cambridge History of India: Turks and Afghans. CUP Archive. pp. 407–. GGKEY:96PECZLGTT6.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b "The Inwardness of British Annexations in India - Chidambaram S. Srinivasachari (dewan bahadur)". 12 February 2009. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
  6. ^ Sarkar, Jadunath (1 January 1992). Fall of the Mughal Empire: 1789-1803 - Jadunath Sarkar. ISBN 9780861317493. Retrieved 21 June 2015.
  7. ^ "Muslim sons of a Brahmin 'Peshwa'". 6 December 2019.
  8. ^ Marwah, Ritu (2015). "Mastani's Son, Shamsher Bahadur I" (December 22). indiacurrents.com.
  9. ^ Ganeshan, Ranjita (2015). "Why Bajirao Mastani has upset two families". Business Standard (December 12, 2015). Retrieved 27 February 2020.

In Popular Culture[]

In the 2019 film Panipat, Shamsher Bahadur I was played by Sahil Salathia.

Further reading[]

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