Sports in New Orleans

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

New Orleans is home to a wide variety of sporting events. Most notable are the home games of the New Orleans Saints (NFL) and the New Orleans Pelicans (NBA), the annual Sugar Bowl, the annual Zurich Classic (PGA Tour) and horse racing at the Fair Grounds Race Course. New Orleans has also occasionally hosted the Super Bowl, College Football Playoff semifinal game and the NCAA college basketball Final Four.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Caesars Superdome (left) and the Smoothie King Center (right)
New Orleans Saints
New Orleans Pelicans
Fair Grounds Race Course

Professional sports teams[]

Club Sport League Founded Venue
New Orleans Saints American football National Football League 1967 Caesars Superdome
New Orleans Pelicans Basketball National Basketball Association 2002 Smoothie King Center
New Orleans Gold Rugby Major League Rugby 2018 Gold Mine on Airline
New Orleans Hurricanes Women's American football Women's Football Alliance 2019 Joe W. Brown Victory Stadium
New Orleans Breakers American football United States Football League (2022) 2021 TBD

Football[]

Professional[]

Caesars Superdome

Former football teams in New Orleans include the New Orleans Breakers of the United States Football League (1984) (which became the Portland Breakers), the New Orleans Night of the Arena Football League (1991–1992), the New Orleans Thunder of the Regional Football League (1999), the Louisiana Jazz of the Women's Football Alliance (2002–2014), the New Orleans VooDoo of the Arena Football League (2004–2005, 2007-2008, and 2010–2015), the New Orleans Jazz football club of the Stars Football League (2011) and New Orleans Krewe of the US Women's Football League (2016).

Collegiate[]

Former college football teams in New Orleans include the Dillard Bleu Devils (1935–1965), the Loyola Wolf Pack (1921–1939) and the Xavier Gold Rush (1925–1960).

Special Football Games[]

Tulane Stadium was New Orleans' main venue for big games before the construction of the Louisiana Superdome (1979 photo)
  • Super Bowl -- More Super Bowls have been played at Caesars Superdome than at any other sports facility: 1978, 1981, 1986, 1990, 1997, 2002 and 2013. Tulane Stadium also hosted the game in 1970, 1972, and 1975.
  • 1976 Pro Bowl -- The 1976 Pro Bowl was the NFL's 26th annual all-star game. The game was played on Monday, January 26, 1976, at the Louisiana Superdome.[7]
  • College Football Playoff National Championship Game -- Caesars Superdome hosted the College Football Playoff National Championship game in 2020.
  • College Football Playoff semifinal Game -- Caesars Superdome rotates among six sites as the host for a College Football Playoff semifinal game every three years. The Superdome hosted semi-final games in 2015 and 2018 and is scheduled to host semi-final games in 2021 and 2024.
  • BCS National Championship Game -- Caesars Superdome rotated with three other sites as the host for the BCS National Championship Game. The Superdome hosted the BCS National Championship Game in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012.
  • Sugar Bowl -- New Orleans has been home to the annual Sugar Bowl since 1935. Originally played at Tulane Stadium, it has been played in Caesars Superdome since 1975.
  • New Orleans Bowl -- New Orleans has been home to the annual New Orleans Bowl since 2001 in Caesars Superdome.
  • Bayou Classic -- The Bayou Classic is an annual football game, also played in Caesars Superdome, between two historically black universities, Grambling State and Southern University.
  • Pelican Bowl -- The Pelican Bowl was an NCAA Division II bowl game played in New Orleans in 1974 and 1975 that pitted the conference champions from the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC) and the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) to determine the black college football national championship.[8]
  • East–West Shrine Game -- The 18th annual East–West Shrine post-season college football all-star game was held in New Orleans on January 1, 1943 due to WWII travel restrictions on the West Coast.[9]
  • ArenaBowl -- New Orleans played host to the AFL's championship game in 2007, 2008 and 2012 hosting all games in the New Orleans Arena.

Basketball[]

Professional[]

Smoothie King Center
  • New Orleans Pelicans -- The New Orleans Pelicans, founded in 2002 as the New Orleans Hornets, are one of the 30 teams in the NBA. The home arena of the Pelicans is the Smoothie King Center.

Former professional basketball teams in New Orleans include the New Orleans Jazz of the NBA (1974–1980) (which became the Utah Jazz) and the New Orleans Buccaneers of the American Basketball Association (c. 1967–1970) (which became the Memphis Pros). Other professional basketball teams include the of the Professional Basketball League of America (1947), of the (1948–1949), of the Women's Professional Basketball League (1979–1981) and New Orleans Cougars of the American Basketball Association.

Collegiate[]

Special Basketball Games[]

  • Men's Final Four -- Caesars Superdome hosted the NCAA college basketball Final Four in 1982, 1987, 1993, 2003 and 2012. The Final Four will return to the Superdome in 2022.
  • Women's Final Four -- The Women's Final Four has been held in New Orleans in 1991, 2004 and 2013. The New Orleans Arena hosted the Women's Final Four in 2004 and 2013. Lakefront Arena hosted the women's Final Four in 1991.
  • NBA All-Star Game -- The NBA All-Star Game was held in New Orleans in 2008, 2014 and 2017 at the Smoothie King Center.

Baseball[]

Old Pelican Stadium, aka Heinemann Park, in 1921

Baseball was first played in New Orleans as early as 1859. In that year, amateur baseball leagues played games on the grounds of Delachaise Estates in Uptown New Orleans and the was organized.[10]

There were many innovations in baseball that originated in New Orleans. The first spring training was held in New Orleans in 1870 as the Chicago White Stockings (now Chicago Cubs) traveled to the city to play the Cincinnati Red Stockings, but stayed several weeks to train.[10] The practice of covering the infield with a modified canvas tarpaulin on rainy days was first used in New Orleans in 1887.[10] On April 29, 1887, a recurring Ladies' Day was established to create an environment in the stands free of unsavory characters and conduct, as well as to make baseball a family oriented event.[10] In 1889, issuing "rain checks" for rained out games using a perforated ticket stub was invented in New Orleans by Abner Powell.[11]

Professional[]

Shrine on Airline

Former baseball teams with the longest tenure in New Orleans include:

Former baseball teams in New Orleans include:

Collegiate[]

  • Loyola Wolf Pack -- The Loyola Wolf Pack baseball team represents Loyola University New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • New Orleans Privateers -- The New Orleans Privateers baseball team currently represents the University of New Orleans in NCAA Division I college baseball.
  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave baseball team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I college baseball.

Youth[]

  • Major League Baseball Urban Youth Academy -- The Major League Baseball Urban Youth Academy has a location in New Orleans at Wesley Barrow Stadium. It is a 650-seat baseball stadium and includes a grass tee-ball and softball field.

Special baseball games[]

Bowling[]

Professional[]

  • Professional Bowling tournaments -- New Orleans played host to PBA Tour events in 1963, 1964, 1966–1978 and 1988–1990. A PBA Tour sponsored exhibition tournament took place in 2009 and 2010.

Collegiate[]

  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave women's bowling team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I college bowling.

Boxing[]

New Orleans has long been home to boxing events.

Professional[]

  • On May 10, 1870 in the New Orleans suburb of Kennerville, "Gypsy" Jem Mace defeated Tom Allen for what is claimed to be the 1870 heavyweight championship of the bare-knuckle boxing era. This fight is considered by some boxing historians to be the first world heavyweight championship bout. A monument in present-day Kenner, Louisiana marks the spot of the fight near the Mississippi River.[30]
Corbett-Sullivan Prizefight
  • The 1892 world heavyweight championship match between John L. Sullivan and Gentleman Jim Corbett is sometimes considered the start of the modern era of boxing. In contrast to earlier bare-knuckle fights held out of doors, the match was held using boxing gloves according to the Marquis of Queensbury rules, indoors at night in the electrically illuminated Olympic Club Arena - called "the epicenter of professional boxing" in the mid 1880s-late 1890s era.[31]
  • The Coliseum Arena hosted boxing matches from 1922 until 1959 with the arena closing in 1960.[32][33] Jack Dempsey, Gene Tunney, Joe Brown, Joe Louis, Sugar Ray Robinson, Willie Pastrano and Ralph Dupas are some of the boxers that fought at the arena.[34]
  • On August 24, 1956, Joe Brown defeated Wallace 'Bud' Smith at the Municipal Auditorium in a fifteen-round split decision to win the lightweight championship of the world.[35]
  • The Louisiana Superdome hosted the 1978 Leon Spinks vs. Muhammad Ali II fight some called "The Ali rematch" where Muhammad Ali defeated Leon Spinks in front of a crowd of 65,000; it was Ali's last professional win.
  • Sugar Ray Leonard vs. Roberto Durán II, also known as the No Más Fight, is one of the most famous fights in boxing history. Taking place on November 25, 1980 at the Louisiana Superdome, it was the second of three bouts between Sugar Ray Leonard and Roberto Durán. In the match, Leonard defeated Duran to regain the WBC Welterweight Championship. The match gained its famous appellation in the end of the eighth round when Durán turned away from Leonard, towards the referee and quit by saying "No más" (Spanish for "No more").
  • The Carnival of Champions was held on December 3, 1982 at the Louisiana Superdome. In the first of two co-main events, Wilfredo Gómez would defend his WBC world Jr Featherweight championship against WBC's world Bantamweight champion Lupe Pintor. In the second, Wilfred Benítez defended his WBC world Jr Middleweight championship against the former WBA Welterweight champion of the world Thomas Hearns.[36]
  • On September 9, 2000, the New Orleans Arena hosted a light heavyweight title fight between Roy Jones, Jr. and Eric Harding. Jones won by TKO in the 10th round.

Collegiate[]

Former college boxing teams in New Orleans include the Loyola Wolf Pack.

Cross country[]

Collegiate[]

  • Dillard Bleu Devils -- The Dillard Bleu Devils men's cross country team and Dillard Lady Bleu Devils women's cross country team represents Dillard University in the NAIA.
  • Loyola Wolf Pack -- The Loyola Wolf Pack men's cross country team and Loyola Wolf Pack women's cross country team represents Loyola University New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • New Orleans Privateers -- The New Orleans Privateers men's cross country team and New Orleans Privateers women's cross country team represents the University of New Orleans in NCAA Division I college cross country.
  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave men's cross country team and Tulane Green Wave women's cross country team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I college cross country.
  • Xavier Gold Rush -- The Xavier Gold Rush men's cross country team and Xavier Gold Nuggets women's cross country team represents Xavier University of Louisiana in the NAIA.

Golf[]

City Park Golf Course Map - 1938

Professional[]

  • Zurich Classic of New Orleans—The Zurich Classic of New Orleans is a golf tournament held annually on the PGA Tour at the TPC of Louisiana.
  • New Orleans Women's Open—The LPGA Tour New Orleans Women's Open golf tournament was held in New Orleans in 1952, 1953 and 1954.
  • Southern (Spring) Open—The Southern (Spring) Open was a golf tournament on the PGA Tour, played only in 1922 at the New Orleans Country Club.

Collegiate[]

  • Loyola Wolf Pack -- The Loyola Wolf Pack women's golf team represents Loyola University New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • New Orleans Privateers -- The New Orleans Privateers men's golf team currently represents the University of New Orleans in NCAA Division I college golf.
  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave women's golf team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I college golf.

Gymnastics[]

  • The USSR National Gymnastics team performed at the Louisiana Superdome in 1976. The event featured Olga Korbut, Nelli Kim, Nicolai Andrianov and Alexander Dityatin.
  • The 1995 U.S. Gymnastics National Championships were held at the Louisiana Superdome.[37][38]
  • The AAU Junior Olympics gymnastics competition was held in the Louisiana Superdome in 1996.[39]
  • The 2019 SEC gymnastics championship will be held at the Smoothie King Center.[40]

High school sports[]

New Orleans has produced many championship teams at the LHSAA and national levels. Schools have earned high national rankings in football, basketball, baseball and soccer. The annual Louisiana Prep Classic state championship football games organized by the Louisiana High School Athletic Association have been held at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome since 1981.

Horse racing[]

Horse racing on the current site of the Fair Grounds Race Course in 1839

New Orleans is home to the Fair Grounds Race Course, the nation's third-oldest thoroughbred track. The most prestigious race held at the track is the Louisiana Derby, a Grade II stakes prep for the Kentucky Derby. The race course opened in 1852 as the Union Racetrack and later became the Creole Racetrack.

Former horse racing tracks in the New Orleans area include Eclipse Track (opened 1837), Metairie Race Course (1838–1872), Bingaman Race Track, City Park Race Track (1905–1920), Jefferson Park Race Track (1918–1934) and Jefferson Downs Racetrack (1959–1992).[41]

Ice hockey[]

Professional[]

  • New Orleans Brass -- The New Orleans Brass was a former ice hockey team in New Orleans from 1997 to 2002.

Ironman 70.3[]

  • Ochsner Ironman 70.3 New Orleans -- The Ochsner Ironman 70.3 New Orleans, also known as a Half-Ironman or a 70.3 (miles), is one of a series of middle-distance triathlon races organized by the World Triathlon Corporation (WTC). The event comprises a 1.2 mile swim, a 56-mile bike ride and 13.1 mile run.

Lacrosse[]

The Allstate Sugar Bowl Collegiate Lacrosse Series was held at Pan American Stadium from 2011–2015.[42][43][44][45][46][47]

The Allstate Sugar Bowl High School Lacrosse Classic first held in 2007 has been played at multiple locations in the New Orleans metropolitan area such as City Park, Lafreniere Park, LaSalle Park and Pan American Stadium.[48][49][50]

  • 2007: LaSalle Park[51]
  • 2008: LaSalle Park[52]
  • 2009: City Park[53]
  • 2010: Lafreniere Park[54]
  • 2011: Lafreniere Park[43]
  • 2012: Lafreniere Park[55]
  • 2014: Lafreniere Park[56]

Mixed martial arts[]

  • UFC 16 -- UFC 16 took place on March 13, 1998 at the Pontchartrain Center in the New Orleans suburb of Kenner, Louisiana. It featured the first ever UFC Lightweight tournament (for fighters under 170 lb), as well as a Middleweight Championship bout, a Heavyweight and a Middleweight Superfight, and two alternate bouts in case of tournament injury.
  • UFC 18 -- UFC 18 took place on January 8, 1999 at the Pontchartrain Center in the New Orleans suburb of Kenner, Louisiana. The event featured a UFC Lightweight Championship (now known as the Welterweight Championship) bout and six other bouts. UFC 18 was technically part two of what the UFC called "The Road To The Heavyweight Title", a tournament, spanning four events, held to crown the new UFC Heavyweight Champion after the title was vacated by Randy Couture.
  • UFC 27 -- UFC 27 took place on September 22, 2000 at the Lakefront Arena in the New Orleans. The event featured UFC legend Dan "The Beast" Severn returning to the promotion after more than 3 years on the independent scene to face off against top heavyweight contender Pedro Rizzo. Severn was the fan favorite, but he submitted to leg kicks from "The Rock" in the first round. Also, former UFC Heavyweight Champion Maurice Smith took on the first KOTC Heavyweight Champion Bobby Hoffman. Smith won via majority decision. There were 2 preliminary fights and 6 main card fights.
  • UFC Fight Night: Shields vs. Ellenberger (also known as UFC Fight Night 25) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on September 17, 2011 at the Ernest N. Morial Convention Center in New Orleans, Louisiana.[57]
  • UFC Fight Night: Boetsch vs. Henderson (also known as UFC Fight Night 68) was a mixed martial arts event held on June 6, 2015 at the Smoothie King Center in New Orleans, Louisiana.[58]

Motorsports[]

The NOLA Motorsports Park is a road race track in Avondale, Louisiana, approximately twenty minutes from downtown New Orleans. The north track circuit and kart circuit opened in 2011.

New Orleans has hosted several auto races:

Professional bull riding[]

Professional Bull Riders, Inc. (PBR), a professional bull riding organization held competitions in the New Orleans Arena in 2000–2003, 2007 and 2010.

Roller derby[]

  • Big Easy Rollergirls -- The Big Easy Rollergirls is the name of a female roller derby league in New Orleans. The league plays at the Human Performance Center.
  • New Orleans Brass Roller Derby -- New Orleans Brass Roller Derby is the name of a male roller derby team in New Orleans.

Rugby[]

Professional[]

Amateur/Semi-Pro[]

  • New Orleans Rugby Football Club (NORFC) -- The New Orleans Rugby Football Club, founded in 1973, is a men's rugby union club serving the greater New Orleans area. NORFC competes in Division I of the Deep South Rugby Football Union of USA Rugby.[64] NORFC has won two club rugby national championships.
  • New Orleans Halfmoons -- The New Orleans Halfmoons is a women's rugby team and member of USA Rugby. It is one of the oldest women's teams in the United States,[65] and has hosted the annual "Throw Me Something, Rugger!" Mardi Gras Rugby tournament the weekend before Fat Tuesday since 1980. The team practices at the City Park Practice Track.[66]

Former rugby clubs in New Orleans include the Crescent City Rugby Football Club (1976–1979).

Running[]

Soccer[]

New Orleans was one of the first cities in the world where modern soccer was played.[67] Beginning in 1858 as a community sport, the sport became popular among many athletic clubs in the late 19th century. A semi-professional league consisting of some of the best players in the world, several of whom later played for first division teams in England and Scotland, briefly used the old grounds on what would become Pelican Stadium.[67]

Professional[]

Former professional soccer teams in New Orleans include the New Orleans Storm of the USL A-League (1993–1999) and FC New Orleans of the National Premier Soccer League as a provisional member (2012).[68]

Amateur/Semi-Pro[]

Leagues

  • ISLANO -- The International Soccer League Association New Orleans (ISLANO) is a men's semi-professional soccer league and part of the .

Teams

Former amateur/semi-pro soccer teams in New Orleans include the Louisiana Fire of the Gulf Coast Premier League (2016–2017).

Special Soccer Games[]

Chicago Fire Soccer Club vs. Real C.D. España -- An international friendly match between Major League Soccer's Chicago Fire Soccer Club and Honduran soccer club Real C.D. España was played at Tad Gormley Stadium on February 4, 2012.[69]

New England Revolution vs. C.D. Olimpia -- An international friendly match between Major League Soccer's New England Revolution and Honduran soccer club C.D. Olimpia was played at Tad Gormley Stadium on March 25, 2007.[70]

Honduras national team vs. Tampa Bay Rowdies -- On March 28, 1982, in a World Cup tune-up match, the Honduras national football team played the Tampa Bay Rowdies of the North American Soccer League to a 1–1 draw at Tad Gormley Stadium.[71]

Swimming and diving[]

Collegiate[]

  • Loyola Wolf Pack -- The Loyola Wolf Pack men's swim team and Loyola Wolf Pack women's swim team represents Loyola University New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave women's swimming and diving team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I swimming and diving.

Tennis[]

Professional[]

  • New Orleans Sun Belt Nets—The New Orleans Sun Belt Nets were a franchise of World Team Tennis (WTT). The Nets moved to New Orleans for the 1978 season and played their home matches in the Louisiana Superdome. Following the 1978 season, the Nets announced that the team would fold.

Collegiate[]

  • Loyola Wolf Pack -- The Loyola Wolf Pack men's tennis team and Loyola Wolf Pack women's tennis team represents Loyola University New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • New Orleans Privateers -- The New Orleans Privateers men's tennis team and New Orleans Privateers women's tennis team represents the University of New Orleans in NCAA Division I college tennis.
  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave men's tennis team and Tulane Green Wave women's tennis team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I college tennis.
  • Xavier Gold Rush -- The Xavier Gold Rush men's tennis team and Xavier Gold Nuggets women's tennis team represents Xavier University of Louisiana in the NAIA.

Special Tennis Matches[]

Track and Field[]

Collegiate[]

  • Dillard Bleu Devils -- The Dillard Bleu Devils men's track and field team and Dillard Lady Bleu Devils women's track and field team represents Dillard University in the NAIA.
  • Loyola Wolf Pack -- The Loyola Wolf Pack men's track and field team and Loyola Wolf Pack women's track and field team represents Loyola University New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • New Orleans Privateers -- The New Orleans Privateers men's track and field team and New Orleans Privateers women's track and field team represents the University of New Orleans in NCAA Division I college track and field.
  • SUNO Knights -- The SUNO Knights men's track and field team and SUNO Lady Knights women's track and field team represents Southern University at New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave men's track and field team and Tulane Green Wave women's track and field team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I college track and field.
  • Xavier Gold Rush -- The Xavier Gold Rush men's track and field team and Xavier Gold Nuggets women's track and field team represents Xavier University of Louisiana in the NAIA.

Special Track and Field Meets[]

Volleyball[]

Collegiate[]

  • Dillard Lady Bleu Devils -- The Dillard Lady Bleu Devils women's volleyball team represents Dillard University in the NAIA.
  • Loyola Wolf Pack -- The Loyola Wolf Pack women's volleyball team represents Loyola University New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • New Orleans Privateers -- The New Orleans Privateers women's volleyball team represents the University of New Orleans in NCAA Division I college volleyball.
  • SUNO Lady Knights -- The SUNO Lady Knights women's volleyball team represents Southern University at New Orleans in the NAIA.
  • Tulane Green Wave -- The Tulane Green Wave women's volleyball team represents Tulane University in NCAA Division I. The school also has a women's beach volleyball team; the NCAA holds a single national championship in that sport for members of all three of its divisions.
  • Xavier Gold Nuggets -- The Xavier Gold Nuggets women's volleyball team represents Xavier University of Louisiana in the NAIA.

Special Volleyball Matches[]

Beach volleyball[]

  • AVP New Orleans Open—The AVP Pro Beach Volleyball Tour held the men's and women's New Orleans Open in 2015 and 2016. The AVP Pro Beach Volleyball Tour held the men's New Orleans Open in 1989, 1990, 1992 and 1999.[72]
  • WPVA New Orleans—The Pro Beach Volleyball Tour held women's tournaments in New Orleans in 1993, 1994 and 1995.[72]

Indoor volleyball[]

  • Women's Volleyball Final Four—The 2002 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball final four was held at the New Orleans Arena in December 2002.

Water sports[]

Fishing tournaments[]

Powerboat racing[]

Offshore powerboat racing has had a long history in New Orleans, Louisiana. Races have been held in either Lake Pontchartrain or on the Mississippi River. The most commonly held race was the Popeye's Offshore Grand Prix held annually from 1983–1991. Other powerboat races took place in 1980, 1981, 1982, 2002, 2003 and 2008. New Orleans was also the home port for the Popeyes Offshore race team from 1980–90. The race team was formed by Al Copeland Sr., the founder of Popeyes Fried Chicken Restaurants and Copeland's Restaurants.[74] He was a six-time U.S. national champion and world champion in 1985 and 1986.

Yachting[]

Southern Yacht Club

New Orleans is home to the New Orleans Yacht Club and Southern Yacht Club, both of which are located at West End on the shore of Lake Pontchartrain. Southern Yacht Club was established in 1849 and is the second oldest yacht club in the United States.[75]

Regattas include:

  • Mardi Gras Race Week — New Orleans Yacht Club large One Design regatta held on Lake Pontchartrain.
  • Race to the CoastSouthern Yacht Club Regatta since 1849. Oldest continuously running point to point regatta in the Western Hemisphere United States.[76]
  • Sugar Bowl Regatta — has been held since 1934. The sailing competition is divided into two separate phases, over four two-day periods, beginning in late November and concluding on New Year's Eve.[77]

Wrestling[]

  • In 1996, the Louisiana Superdome hosted the AAU Junior Olympics wrestling competition.[78]
  • The 2004 Armed Forces Wrestling Championship was held in the New Orleans area.[79]

See also[]

References[]

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  2. ^ "Sugar Bowl History - Official Site of the Allstate Sugar Bowl".
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  7. ^ "1976 Pro Bowl game book" (PDF). NFL Game Statistics & Information. National Football League. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved January 30, 2012.
  8. ^ At the time of the bowl's creation in 1972, the NCAA was divided into the "University Division" and "College Division". The current three-division setup was established in 1973. The conferences that participated in this game eventually became Division I conferences, and their members' football programs now compete in the Football Championship Subdivision.
  9. ^ "East-West Shrine Classic Games". College Football Data Warehouse. Archived from the original on 2013-11-01. Retrieved 2008-12-07.
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