Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom

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Spouse of the prime minister of the United Kingdom
Carrie Symonds on 2020 Commonwealth Day.jpg
Current
Carrie Johnson
since 29 May 2021
StyleMrs Johnson
Residence10 Downing Street (customary)
Formation3 April 1721 (300 years ago) (1721-04-03)
First holderCatherine, Lady Walpole

To date, there have been forty-five women and two men who have been married to the British prime minister in office. There have also been four bachelor and nine widower prime ministers; the last bachelor was Edward Heath (1970–1974) and the last widower was Ramsay MacDonald (1924, 1929–1935). The Duke of Grafton (1768–1770) and Boris Johnson (2019–present) are the only prime ministers to have divorced and remarried while in office.

Current prime minister Boris Johnson was married to Marina Wheeler until 2020,[1] but she did not join him in Number 10, due to their separation in 2018.[2]

In July 2019, it was announced that Johnson's girlfriend at the time, Carrie Symonds, would move in with him,[3] making them the first unmarried couple to live in Number 10.[4] Their engagement was announced in February 2020 and they married on 29 May 2021.[5]

Role and duties[]

The role of the British prime minister's spouse is not an official office and, as such, they are not given a salary or official duties. Over time the position has evolved and spouses, such as Cherie Blair, have gained public attention through their own independent careers and achievements, as well as attending engagements such as the African First Ladies Summit.[6]

Cherie Blair, with Cate Haste, wrote a book about recent prime ministerial spouses, The Goldfish Bowl: Married to the Prime Minister, 1955–1997, in 2005.[7]

List of spouses[]

Image Spouse Date of birth Date of marriage Prime Minister Date tenure began Age at tenure start Date tenure ended Date of death
Portrait of Lady Walpole Catherine, Lady Walpole
(née Shorter)[8] 		1682 30 Jul 1700 Robert Walpole 3 Apr 1721 38–39 years 20 Aug 1737 20 Aug 1737
(Aged 54–55)
— None (widower) — — Walpole 20 Aug 1737 — 3 Mar 1738 —
No image.svg Maria, Lady Walpole
(née Skerrett)[9] 		1702 3 Mar 1738 Walpole 3 Mar 1738 35–36 years 4 Jun 1738 4 Jun 1738
(Aged 35–36)
— None (widower) — — Walpole 4 Jun 1738 — 11 Feb 1742 —
— None (bachelor) — — Earl of Wilmington 16 Feb 1742 — 2 Jul 1743 —
No image.svg Catherine Pelham
(née Manners)[10] 		1706 29 Oct 1726 Henry Pelham 27 Aug 1743 36–37 years 6 Mar 1754 18 Feb 1780
(Aged 73–74)
Portrait of Harriet Pelham-Holles Harriet Pelham-Holles
(née Godolphin)[11] 		1701 2 Apr 1717 Duke of Newcastle 16 Mar 1754 52–53 years 11 Nov 1756 17 Jul 1776
(Aged 74–75)
— None[a] (widower) — — Duke of Devonshire 16 Nov 1756 — 29 Jun 1757 —
Portrait of Harriet Pelham-Holles Harriet Pelham-Holles
(née Godolphin)[11] 		1701 2 Apr 1717 Duke of Newcastle 29 Jun 1757 55–56 years 26 May 1762 17 Jul 1776
(Aged 74–75)
Portrait of Mary Stuart Mary Stuart
(née Montagu)[13] 		19 Jan 1718 24 Aug 1736 Earl of Bute 26 May 1762 44 years 8 Apr 1763 6 Nov 1794
(Aged 76)
No image.svg Elizabeth Grenville[b]
(née Wyndham)[14] 		1719 1 May 1749 George Grenville 16 Apr 1763 43–44 years 10 Jul 1765 5 Dec 1769
(Aged 49–50)
Portrait of Mary Watson-Wentworth
(née Liddell)[15] 		1735 26 Feb 1752 Marquess of Rockingham 13 Jul 1765 29–30 years 30 Jul 1766 19 Dec 1804
(Aged 68–69)
Portrait of Hester Pitt Hester Pitt[c]
(née Grenville)[16] 		8 Nov 1720 16 Oct 1754 Earl of Chatham 30 Jul 1766 45 years 14 Oct 1768 9 Apr 1803
(Aged 82)
Portrait of Anne FitzRoy Anne FitzRoy[d]
(née Liddell)[17] 		1737 29 Jan 1756 Duke of Grafton 14 Oct 1768 30–31 years 23 Mar 1769 1804
(Aged 66–67)
— None (divorcee) — — Grafton 23 Mar 1769 — 24 Jun 1769 —
Portrait of Elizabeth FitzRoy Elizabeth FitzRoy
(née Wrottesley)[18] 		1 Nov 1745 24 Jun 1769 Grafton 24 Jun 1769 23 years 28 Jan 1770 25 May 1822
(Aged 76)
Portrait of Anne North
(née Speke)[19] 		1741 20 May 1756 Lord North 28 Jan 1770 28–29 years 27 Mar 1782 1797
(Aged 55–56)
Portrait of Mary Watson-Wentworth
(née Liddell)[15] 		1735 26 Feb 1752 Marquess of Rockingham 27 Mar 1782 46–47 years 1 Jul 1782 19 Dec 1804
(Aged 68–69)
Portrait of Louisa Petty Louisa Petty[e]
(née FitzPatrick)[21] 		1755 19 Jul 1779 Earl of Shelburne 4 Jul 1782 26–27 years 26 Mar 1783 7 Aug 1789
(Aged 33–34)
Portrait of Dorothy Bentinck Dorothy Bentinck[f]
(née Cavendish)[22] 		27 Aug 1750 8 Nov 1766 Duke of Portland 2 Apr 1783 32 years 18 Dec 1783 3 Jun 1794
(Aged 43)
— None (bachelor) — — William Pitt 19 Dec 1783 — 14 Mar 1801 —
Ursula Addington
(née Hammond)[23] 		1759 19 Sep 1781 Henry Addington 17 Mar 1801 41–42 years 10 May 1804 28 Jun 1811
(Aged 51–52)
— None (bachelor) — — William Pitt 10 May 1804 — 23 Jan 1806 —
Portrait of Anne Grenville Anne Grenville
(née Pitt)[24] 		Sep 1772 18 Jul 1792 Baron Grenville 11 Feb 1806 33 years 25 Mar 1807 Jun 1864
(Aged 91)
— None[g] (widower) — — Duke of Portland 31 Mar 1807 — 4 Oct 1809 —
No image.svg Jane Perceval
(née Wilson)[25] 		21 Sep 1769 10 Aug 1790 Spencer Perceval 4 Oct 1809 21 years 11 May 1812 26 Jan 1844
(Aged 74)
Portrait of Louisa Jenkinson Louisa Jenkinson
(née Hervey)[26] 		Feb 1767 25 Mar 1795 Earl of Liverpool 8 Jun 1812 45 years 12 Jun 1821 12 Jun 1821
(Aged 54)
— None (widower) — — Liverpool 12 Jun 1821 — 24 Sep 1822 —
Norbiton Hall plaque on Norbiton House, Kingston upon Thames, London.jpg Mary Jenkinson
(née Chester)[27] 		24 Jun 1777 24 Sep 1822 Liverpool 24 Sep 1822 45 years 9 Apr 1827 18 Oct 1846
(Aged 69)
No image.svg Joan Canning
(née Scott)[28] 		1776 8 Jul 1800 George Canning 12 Apr 1827 50–51 years 8 Aug 1827 14 Mar 1837
(Aged 60–61)
No image.svg
(née Hobart)[29] 		22 Feb 1793 1 Sep 1814 Viscount Goderich 31 Aug 1827 34 years 8 Jan 1828 9 Apr 1867
(Aged 74)
Catherine Wellesley, Duchess of Wellington (cropped).jpg Catherine Wellesley
(née Pakenham)[30] 		14 Jan 1773 10 Apr 1806 Duke of Wellington 22 Jan 1828 55 years 16 Nov 1830 24 Apr 1831
(Aged 58)
No image.svg Mary Grey
(née Ponsonby)[31] 		4 Mar 1776 18 Nov 1794 Earl Grey 22 Nov 1830 54 years 9 Jul 1834 26 Nov 1861
(Aged 85)
— None[h] (widower) — — Viscount Melbourne 16 Jul 1834 — 14 Nov 1834 —
— None[i] (widower) — — Duke of Wellington 17 Nov 1834 — 9 Dec 1834 —
Portrait of Julia Peel Julia Peel
(née Floyd)[33] 		1795 8 Jun 1820 Robert Peel 10 Dec 1834 38–39 years 8 Apr 1835 27 Oct 1859
(Aged 63–64)
— None[h] (widower) — — Viscount Melbourne 18 Apr 1835 — 30 Aug 1841 —
Portrait of Julia Peel Julia Peel
(née Floyd)[33] 		1795 8 Jun 1820 Robert Peel 30 Aug 1841 45–46 years 29 Jun 1846 27 Oct 1859
(Aged 63–64)
Portrait of Frances Russell Frances Russell[j]
(née Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound)[35] 		15 Nov 1815 20 Jul 1841 John Russell 30 Jun 1846 30 years 21 Feb 1852 17 Jan 1898
(Aged 82)
Portrait of Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley
(née Bootle-Wilbraham)[36] 		17 Mar 1805 31 May 1825 Earl of Derby 23 Feb 1852 46 years 17 Dec 1852 1876
(Aged 70–71)
— None[k] (widower) — — Earl of Aberdeen 19 Dec 1852 — 30 Jan 1855 —
Portrait of Emily Temple Emily Temple[l]
(née Lamb)[38] 		1787 16 Dec 1839 Viscount Palmerston 6 Feb 1855 67–68 years 19 Feb 1858 1869
(Aged 81–82)
Portrait of Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley
(née Bootle-Wilbraham)[36] 		17 Mar 1805 31 May 1825 Earl of Derby 20 Feb 1858 52 years 11 Jun 1859 1876
(Aged 70–71)
Portrait of Emily Temple Emily Temple[l]
(née Lamb)[38] 		1787 16 Dec 1839 Viscount Palmerston 12 Jun 1859 71–72 years 18 Oct 1865 1869
(Aged 81–82)
Portrait of Frances Russell Frances Russell[j]
(née Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound)[35] 		15 Nov 1815 20 Jul 1841 Earl Russell 29 Oct 1865 49 years 26 Jun 1866 17 Jan 1898
(Aged 82)
Portrait of Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley Emma Caroline Smith-Stanley
(née Bootle-Wilbraham)[36] 		17 Mar 1805 31 May 1825 Earl of Derby 28 Jun 1866 61 years 25 Feb 1868 1876
(Aged 70–71)
Portrait of Mary Anne Disraeli Mary Anne Disraeli[m]
(née Evans)[39] 		11 Nov 1792 28 Aug 1839 Benjamin Disraeli 27 Feb 1868 75 years 1 Dec 1868 15 Dec 1872
(Aged 80)
Portrait of Catherine Gladstone Catherine Gladstone
(née Glynne)[40] 		6 Jan 1812 25 Jul 1839 William Gladstone 3 Dec 1868 56 years 17 Feb 1874 14 Jun 1900
(Aged 88)
— None[n] (widower) — — Benjamin Disraeli 20 Feb 1874 — 21 Apr 1880 —
Portrait of Catherine Gladstone Catherine Gladstone
(née Glynne)[40] 		6 Jan 1812 25 Jul 1839 William Gladstone 23 Apr 1880 68 years 9 Jun 1885 14 Jun 1900
(Aged 88)
Georgina-Gascoyne-Cecil-ne-Alderson-Marchioness-of-Salisbury (cropped).jpg Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil
(née Alderson)[41] 		1827 11 Jul 1857 Marquess of Salisbury 23 Jun 1885 57–58 years 28 Jan 1886 20 Nov 1899
(Aged 71–72)
Portrait of Catherine Gladstone Catherine Gladstone
(née Glynne)[40] 		6 Jan 1812 25 Jul 1839 William Gladstone 1 Feb 1886 74 years 20 Jul 1886 14 Jun 1900
(Aged 88)
Georgina-Gascoyne-Cecil-ne-Alderson-Marchioness-of-Salisbury (cropped).jpg Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil
(née Alderson)[41] 		1827 11 Jul 1857 Marquess of Salisbury 25 Jul 1886 58–59 years 11 Aug 1892 20 Nov 1899
(Aged 71–72)
Portrait of Catherine Gladstone Catherine Gladstone
(née Glynne)[40] 		6 Jan 1812 25 Jul 1839 William Gladstone 15 Aug 1892 80 years 2 Mar 1894 14 Jun 1900
(Aged 88)
— None[o] (widower) — — Earl of Rosebery 5 Mar 1894 — 22 Jun 1895 —
Georgina-Gascoyne-Cecil-ne-Alderson-Marchioness-of-Salisbury (cropped).jpg Georgina Gascoyne-Cecil
(née Alderson)[41] 		1827 11 Jul 1857 Marquess of Salisbury 25 Jun 1895 67–68 years 20 Nov 1899 20 Nov 1899
(Aged 71–72)
— None (widower) — — Salisbury 20 Nov 1899 — 11 Jul 1902 —
— None (bachelor) — — Arthur Balfour 12 Jul 1902 — 4 Dec 1905 —
Portrait of Charlotte Campbell-Bannerman Charlotte Campbell-Bannerman
(née Bruce)[43] 		1832 13 Sep 1860 Henry Campbell-Bannerman 5 Dec 1905 72–73 years 30 Aug 1906 30 Aug 1906
(Aged 73–74)
— None (widower) — — Campbell-Bannerman 30 Aug 1906 — 5 Apr 1908 —
Portrait of Margot Asquith Margot Asquith[p]
(née Tennant)[45] 		2 Feb 1864 10 May 1894 H. H. Asquith 5 Apr 1908 44 years 5 Dec 1916 28 Jul 1945
(Aged 81)
Portrait of Margaret Lloyd George Margaret Lloyd George
(née Owen)[46] 		4 Nov 1864 24 Jan 1888 David Lloyd George 6 Dec 1916 52 years 19 Oct 1922 20 Jan 1941
(Aged 76)
— None[q] (widower) — — Bonar Law 23 Oct 1922 — 20 May 1923 —
Portrait of Lucy Baldwin Lucy Baldwin
(née Ridsdale)[48] 		19 Jun 1869 12 Sep 1892 Stanley Baldwin 22 May 1923 53 years 22 Jan 1924 17 Jun 1945
(Aged 75)
— None[r] (widower) — — Ramsay MacDonald 22 Jan 1924 — 4 Nov 1924 —
Portrait of Lucy Baldwin Lucy Baldwin
(née Ridsdale)[48] 		19 Jun 1869 12 Sep 1892 Stanley Baldwin 4 Nov 1924 55 years 4 Jun 1929 17 Jun 1945
(Aged 75)
— None[r] (widower) — — Ramsay MacDonald 5 Jun 1929 — 7 Jun 1935 —
Portrait of Lucy Baldwin Lucy Baldwin
(née Ridsdale)[48] 		19 Jun 1869 12 Sep 1892 Stanley Baldwin 7 Jun 1935 65 years 28 May 1937 17 Jun 1945
(Aged 75)
Portrait of Anne Cole Anne Chamberlain
(née Cole)[50] 		1883 5 Jan 1911 Neville Chamberlain 28 May 1937 53–54 years 10 May 1940 12 Feb 1967
(Aged 83–84)
Portrait of Clementine Churchill Clementine Churchill
(née Hozier)[51] 		1 Apr 1885 12 Sep 1908 Winston Churchill 10 May 1940 55 years 26 Jul 1945 12 Dec 1977
(Aged 92)
Violet-Helen-ne-Millar-Countess-Attlee.jpg Violet Attlee
(née Millar)[52] 		20 Nov 1895 10 Jan 1922 Clement Attlee 26 Jul 1945 49 years 26 Oct 1951 7 Jun 1964
(Aged 68)
Portrait of Clementine Churchill Clementine Churchill
(née Hozier)[51] 		1 Apr 1885 12 Sep 1908 Winston Churchill 26 Oct 1951 66 years 5 Apr 1955 12 Dec 1977
(Aged 92)
No image.svg Clarissa Eden[s]
(née Spencer-Churchill)[54] 		28 Jun 1920 14 Aug 1952 Anthony Eden 6 Apr 1955 34 years 9 Jan 1957 15 Nov 2021
(Aged 101)
The National Archives UK - CO 1069-1-15 (cropped).jpg Dorothy Macmillan
(née Cavendish)[55] 		28 Jul 1900 21 Apr 1920 Harold Macmillan 10 Jan 1957 56 years 18 Oct 1963 21 May 1966
(Aged 65)
Portrait of Elizabeth Douglas-Home Elizabeth Douglas-Home
(née Alington)[56] 		6 Nov 1909 3 Oct 1936 Alec Douglas-Home 19 Oct 1963 53 years 16 Oct 1964 3 Sep 1990
(Aged 80)
Portrait of Mary Wilson Mary Wilson
(née Baldwin)[57] 		12 Jan 1916 1 Jan 1940 Harold Wilson 16 Oct 1964 48 years 19 Jun 1970 6 Jun 2018
(Aged 102)
— None (bachelor) — — Edward Heath 19 Jun 1970 — 4 Mar 1974 —
Portrait of Mary Wilson Mary Wilson
(née Baldwin)[57] 		12 Jan 1916 1 Jan 1940 Harold Wilson 4 Mar 1974 58 years 5 Apr 1976 6 Jun 2018
(Aged 102)
Portrait of Audrey Callaghan Audrey Callaghan
(née Moulton)[58] 		28 Jul 1915 28 Jul 1938 James Callaghan 5 Apr 1976 60 years 4 May 1979 15 Mar 2005
(Aged 89)
Portrait of Denis Thatcher Denis Thatcher[t][59] 10 May 1915 13 Dec 1951 Margaret Thatcher 4 May 1979 63 years 28 Nov 1990 26 Jun 2003
(Aged 88)
No image.svg Norma Major
(née Wagstaff)[60] 		12 Feb 1942 3 Oct 1970 John Major 28 Nov 1990 48 years 2 May 1997 Living
(Age 79)
Portrait of Cherie Blair Cherie Blair
(née Booth)[61] 		23 Sep 1954 29 Mar 1980 Tony Blair 2 May 1997 42 years 27 Jun 2007 Living
(Age 67)
Portrait of Sarah Brown Sarah Brown
(née Macaulay)[62] 		31 Oct 1963 3 Aug 2000 Gordon Brown 27 Jun 2007 43 years 11 May 2010 Living
(Age 58)
Portrait of Samantha Cameron Samantha Cameron
(née Sheffield)[63] 		18 Apr 1971 1 Jun 1996 David Cameron 11 May 2010 39 years 13 Jul 2016 Living
(Age 50)
Portrait of Philip May Philip May[64] 18 Sep 1957 6 Sep 1980 Theresa May 13 Jul 2016 58 years 24 Jul 2019 Living
(Age 64)
No image.svg Marina Wheeler
(separated)[u][v] 		18 Aug 1964 8 May 1993 Boris Johnson 24 Jul 2019 54 years 2020[1] Living
(Age 57)
— None (divorcee) — — Johnson 2020 — 29 May 2021 —
Portrait of Carrie Symonds Carrie Johnson
(née Symonds)[5] 		17 Mar 1988 29 May 2021 Johnson 29 May 2021 33 years — Living
(Age 33)

Living former spouses[]

As of February 2022, there are six living former spouses. From earliest to latest:

Spouse Prime Minister Tenure Date of birth Longevity
Dame Norma Major Sir John Major 1990–1997 (1942-02-12)12 February 1942 79 years, 360 days
Lady Blair Sir Tony Blair 1997–2007 (1954-09-23)23 September 1954 67 years, 137 days
Sarah Brown Gordon Brown 2007–2010 (1963-10-31)31 October 1963 58 years, 99 days
Samantha Cameron David Cameron 2010–2016 (1971-04-18)18 April 1971 50 years, 295 days
Sir Philip May Lady May 2016–2019 (1957-09-18)18 September 1957 64 years, 142 days
Marina Wheeler Boris Johnson 2019–2020 (1964-08-18)18 August 1964 57 years, 173 days

The most recent death of a former spouse is that of Lady Avon, widow of Anthony Eden, who died in 2021 at the age of 101 years, 140 days.[65] Lady Wilson of Rievaulx, widow of Harold Wilson – who died in 2018 at the age of 102 years, 145 days[66] – was the longest-lived spouse of a British prime minister and the first to live beyond the age of 100 years.[67][68]

See also[]

Notes[]

  1. ^ Devonshire's wife Charlotte died in 1754.[12]
  2. ^ Mother of Baron Grenville.[14]
  3. ^ Mother of William Pitt the Younger.[16]
  4. ^ Anne's second marriage after the Earl of Upper Ossory.[17]
  5. ^ Shelburne's second marriage after Sophia Carteret.[20]
  6. ^ Daughter of the Duke of Devonshire.[22]
  7. ^ Portland's wife Lady Dorothy died in 1794.[22]
  8. ^ a b Melbourne's wife Lady Caroline died in 1828.[32]
  9. ^ Wellington's wife Catherine died in 1831.[30]
  10. ^ a b Russell's second marriage after Adelaide Lister.[34]
  11. ^ Aberdeen's first wife Catherine died in 1812 and his second wife Harriet died in 1833.[37]
  12. ^ a b Emily's second marriage after the Earl Cowper.[38] Sister of the Viscount Melbourne.[38]
  13. ^ Mary's second marriage after Wyndham Lewis.[39]
  14. ^ Disraeli's wife Mary died in 1872.[39]
  15. ^ Rosebery's wife Hannah died in 1890.[42]
  16. ^ Asquith's second marriage after Helen Melland.[44]
  17. ^ Law's wife Annie died in 1909.[47]
  18. ^ a b MacDonald's wife Margaret died in 1911.[49]
  19. ^ Eden's second marriage after Beatrice Beckett.[53]
  20. ^ First male spouse. Thatcher's second marriage after Margot Kempson.[59]
  21. ^ Johnson's second marriage after Allegra Mostyn-Owen.[4]
  22. ^ In September 2018, Boris Johnson and Marina Wheeler issued a statement confirming that after 25 years of marriage they had separated "several months ago", and had begun divorce proceedings.[2] They reached a financial settlement in February 2020,[69] and the divorce was finalised by November 2020.[1]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c Coke, Hope (9 November 2020). "Marina Wheeler opens up about life post-Boris Johnson". Tatler. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Boris Johnson and wife to divorce". BBC News. 7 September 2018. Retrieved 10 September 2018.
  3. ^ Mason, Rowena (29 July 2019). "Boris Johnson and Carrie Symonds move into Downing Street". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  4. ^ a b Gillett, Francesca & Lucy Webster (29 April 2020). "Carrie Symonds: Who is Boris Johnson's fiancee?". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
  5. ^ a b Shearing, Hazel & Kathryn Snowdon (30 May 2021). "Boris Johnson marries Carrie Symonds at Westminster Cathedral". BBC News. Retrieved 31 May 2021.
  6. ^ Mwanzi, Josephat (2 July 2013). "The first ladies club: Obama and Bush share stage in Africa". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 January 2014.
  7. ^ Booth, Cherie; Cate, Haste (2005). The Goldfish Bowl: Married To The Prime Minister, 1955–1997. Random House. ISBN 978-0-09-946202-6.
  8. ^ Lundy, Darryl (23 November 2016). "Catherine Shorter". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  9. ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 March 2012). "Maria Skerret". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  10. ^ Lundy, Darryl (4 October 2016). "Lady Catherine Manners". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 11 March 2018.
  11. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (7 April 2012). "Lady Henrietta Godolphin". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  12. ^ Lundy, Darryl (26 November 2012). "Charlotte Elizabeth Boyle, Baroness Clifford". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  13. ^ Lundy, Darryl (22 March 2014). "Mary Wortley-Montagu, Baroness Mount Stuart of Wortley". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  14. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (4 November 2014). "Elizabeth Wyndham". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 1 May 2018.
  15. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (14 March 2016). "Mary Liddell". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  16. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (9 February 2011). "Hester Grenville, Baroness Chatham". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  17. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (19 March 2016). "Hon. Anne Liddell". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  18. ^ Lundy, Darryl (1 October 2013). "Elizabeth Wrottesley". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  19. ^ Lundy, Darryl (30 July 2011). "Anne Speke". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  20. ^ Lundy, Darryl (28 April 2011). "Lady Sophia Carteret". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  21. ^ Lundy, Darryl (21 November 2016). "Lady Louisa FitzPatrick". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  22. ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (2 June 2014). "Lady Dorothy Cavendish". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  23. ^ Lundy, Darryl (18 June 2017). "Ursula Mary Hammond". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  24. ^ Lundy, Darryl (18 June 2009). "Hon. Anne Pitt". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  25. ^ Lundy, Darryl (3 July 2015). "Jane Wilson". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  26. ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 February 2013). "Lady Louisa Theodosia Hervey". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  27. ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 February 2013). "Mary Chester". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  28. ^ Lundy, Darryl (14 October 2011). "Joan Scott, Viscountess Canning of Kilbrahan". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  29. ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 May 2014). "Lady Sarah Albinia Louisa Hobart". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  30. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (30 April 2011). "Hon. Catherine Sarah Dorothea Pakenham". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  31. ^ Lundy, Darryl (24 September 2010). "Hon. Mary Elizabeth Ponsonby". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  32. ^ Lundy, Darryl (2 February 2011). "Lady Caroline Ponsonby". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  33. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (1 November 2015). "Julia Floyd". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  34. ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 September 2016). "Adelaide Lister". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  35. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (17 September 2016). "Lady Frances Anna Maria Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  36. ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (9 July 2017). "Hon. Emma Caroline Bootle-Wilbraham". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  37. ^ Lundy, Darryl (2 April 2013). "Harriet Douglas". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  38. ^ a b c d Lundy, Darryl (17 June 2012). "Emily Mary Lamb". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  39. ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (28 March 2004). "Mary Ann Viney-Evans, 1st and last Viscountess Beaconsfield". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  40. ^ a b c d Lundy, Darryl (4 April 2008). "Catherine Glynne". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  41. ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (6 June 2010). "Georgina Alderson". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  42. ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 August 2016). "Hannah de Rothschild". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  43. ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 November 2008). "Sarah Charlotte Bruce". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  44. ^ Lundy, Darryl (31 October 2015). "Helen Kelsall Melland". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  45. ^ Lundy, Darryl (31 October 2015). "Emma Alice Margaret Tennant". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  46. ^ Lundy, Darryl (6 December 2010). "Margaret Owen". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  47. ^ Lundy, Darryl (3 September 2007). "Annie Pitcairn Robley". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  48. ^ a b c Lundy, Darryl (4 June 2012). "Lucy Ridsdale". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  49. ^ Lundy, Darryl (21 November 2008). "Margaret Ethel Gladstone". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  50. ^ Lundy, Darryl (17 May 2011). "Annie Vere Cole". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  51. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (9 June 2017). "Clementine Ogilvy Hozier, Baroness Spencer-Churchill". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  52. ^ Lundy, Darryl (23 October 2012). "Violet Helen Millar". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  53. ^ Lundy, Darryl (1 February 2011). "Beatrice Helen Beckett". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  54. ^ Lundy, Darryl (25 July 2009). "Anne Clarissa Spencer-Churchill". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  55. ^ Lundy, Darryl (9 March 2011). "Lady Dorothy Evelyn Cavendish". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  56. ^ Lundy, Darryl (14 December 2012). "Elizabeth Hester Alington". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  57. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (23 January 2017). "Gladys Mary Baldwin". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  58. ^ Lundy, Darryl (1 November 2008). "Audrey Elizabeth Moulton". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  59. ^ a b Lundy, Darryl (8 May 2011). "Sir Denis Thatcher, 1st Bt". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  60. ^ Lundy, Darryl (29 September 2011). "Norma Christina Elizabeth Wagstaff". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  61. ^ Lundy, Darryl (12 February 2006). "Cherie Booth". The Peerage. Wellington, New Zealand. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  62. ^ "Sarah Brown: The new 'first lady'". BBC News. 28 June 2007. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  63. ^ "Profile: Samantha Cameron". BBC News. 14 February 2006. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  64. ^ "Profile: Theresa May's husband Philip". BBC News. 13 July 2016. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  65. ^ [Telegraph Obituaries] (15 November 2021). "The Countess of Avon, intellectual and independent-minded widow of the prime minister Anthony Eden and niece of Winston Churchill – obituary". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 15 November 2021.
  66. ^ "Lady Wilson of Rievaulx obituary". The Times. 7 June 2018. Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  67. ^ McSmith, Andy (7 June 2018). "Lady Wilson of Rievaulx: Poet and wife of former Labour prime minister Harold Wilson". The Independent. Retrieved 9 June 2018.
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