Stenocereus
Stenocereus | |
---|---|
Organ pipe cactus Stenocereus thurberi | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Order: | Caryophyllales |
Family: | Cactaceae |
Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
Tribe: | Echinocereeae |
Genus: | Stenocereus (A.Berger) Riccob. |
Species | |
Several, see text | |
Synonyms | |
Stenocereus (Gk. stenos, narrow, L. cereus, candle) is a genus of columnar or tree-like cacti from the Baja California Peninsula and other parts of Mexico, Arizona in the United States, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Venezuela and the ABC islands of the Dutch Caribbean. The genus has been enlarged by the addition of species from several other genera. A close relative is the peculiar or chende cactus, .
The flowers are mostly borne near the apex of the stems and mostly nocturnal. They are considered easy to grow and generally grow slowly.
Stenocereus thurberi (the organ pipe cactus) is a well-known member of this genus and is widely distributed in Arizona and northern Mexico.
The fruit is similar to a dragon fruit. Those of Stenocereus gummosus, acidic and very refreshing, are highly favored by the Seris of northwestern Mexico[1] who call the cactus ziix is ccapxl[2] - "thing whose fruit is sour". It is commonly known in Spanish as pitaya agria, or by the English translation . S. griseus (Dagger Cactus) fruits, locally known as iguaraya, are relished by the Wayuu from the La Guajira Peninsula of Colombia.[3]
Stenocereus are often used as ornamental plants in hot and arid regions, and as noted above, some species can double as a fruit crop.
The interior of Stenocereus trunks often grows to form tough, cane-like stakes suitable for certain kinds of construction. The Wayuu use those of Dagger Cactus for building wattle and daub walls, a technique they call yotojoro, after their name for the cactus wood "canes".[3]
Selected species[]
Image | Scientific name | Common Name | Distribution |
---|---|---|---|
Stenocereus alamosensis (J.M. Coult.) A.C. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Octopus cactus, cina | Mexico | |
(F.A.C.Weber) Buxb. | Costa Rica | ||
(Ehrenb.) A. Berger & Buxb. | Central Mexico | ||
(Bravo & T. MacDoug.) Buxb. | Oaxaca - Mexico | ||
Sánchez-Mej. | Guerrero and Michoacán, Mexico | ||
(Britton & Rose) Buxb. ex Bravo | Guanocal, Organo, Pitahaya, Tuna | Guatemala : Chiapas - Mexico (Central America, North America) | |
Stenocereus eruca (Brandegee) A.C. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Creeping devil caterpillar cactus | Baja California Sur - Mexico | |
(Lam.) Lourteig | Cuba, Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic) : Jamaica, Puerto Rico - Greater Antilles (West Indies - Caribbean) | ||
Sánchez-Mej. | Pitayo De Aguas | Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo - Mexico | |
Stenocereus griseus (Haw.) Buxb. | Dagger cactus, yosú (Wayuunaiki) | Mexico to Venezuela | |
Stenocereus gummosus (Engelm.) A. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Sour pitaya, pitaya agria, ziix is ccapxl (Cmiique iitom) | Baja California (Norte), Baja California Sur - Mexico | |
K. Schum.) A.C. Gibson & K.E. Horak | Colima, Sinaloa - Mexico | ||
(J.G. Ortega) Buxb. | Pitahayo, Pitayo | Sinaloa - Mexico | |
(Britton & Rose) Buxb. | Chihuahua, Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora - Mexico | ||
Stenocereus pruinosus (Otto ex Pfeiff.) Buxb. | Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tamaulipas, Veracruz-Llave - Mexico | ||
Stenocereus queretaroensis F.A.C.Weber ex Mathes.) Buxb. | Colima, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacan de Ocampo, Queretaro de Zaragoza - Mexico | ||
(J.G. Ortega) Buxb. | Pitire | Sinaloa - Mexico | |
(J.G. Ortega) Buxb. | Pitaya Marismena | Guerrero, Sinaloa - Mexico | |
Stenocereus stellatus (Pfeiff.) Riccob. | Baja organ pipe cactus | Oaxaca, Morelos, Puebla - Mexico | |
Stenocereus thurberi (Engelm.) Buxb. | Organpipe cactus | Baja California (Norte), Baja California Sur, Sinaloa, Sonora - Mexico, Arizona - United States | |
(Vaupel) Backeb. | Tunillo | Oaxaca - Mexico | |
(Standl.) P.V. Heath | Guatemala, Honduras |
Close-up of organpipe cactus (S. thurberi) spines
Fruit of Stenocereus queretaroensis prepared for eating
Footnotes[]
References[]
- Anderson, Edward F. (2001): The Cactus Family[ISBN missing]
- Felger, Richard & Moser, Mary B. (1985): People of the desert and sea: ethnobotany of the Seri Indians. University of Arizona Press, Tucson[ISBN missing]
- Innes, C. & Wall, B. (1995): Cacti, Succulents and Bromaliads. Cassell & The Royal Horticultural Society.[ISBN missing]
- Villalobos, Soraya; Vargas, Orlando & Melo, Sandra (2007): Uso, manejo y conservacion de "yosú", Stenocereus griseus (Cactaceae) en la Alta Guajira colombiana [Usage, Management and Conservation of yosú, Stenocereus griseus (Cactaceae), in the Upper Guajira, Colombia]. [Spanish with English abstract] Acta Biologica Colombiana 12(1): 99–112. PDF fulltext
External links[]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stenocereus. |
- Data related to Stenocereus at Wikispecies
- cactiguide.com
- Stenocereus
- Cactoideae genera
- Cacti of North America
- Taxa named by Alwin Berger
- Taxa named by Vincenzo Riccobono