Stinking Old Ninth

The Stinking Old Ninth (Chinese: 臭老九; pinyin: chòu lǎo jiǔ) is a Chinese dysphemism for intellectuals used at two major points.^[1]

The term originated during the Yuan dynasty where the Mongol conquerors identified ten "castes" of Chinese: bureaucrats, officials, Buddhist monks, Taoist priests, physicians, workers, hunters, prostitutes, (ninth) Confucian scholars and finally beggars, with only beggars at a status below the intellectuals.^[2]

During the Cultural Revolution the "Nine Black Categories" were landlords, rich farmers, anti-revolutionaries, bad influences, right-wingers, traitors, spies, capitalist roaders and (ninth) intellectuals. While often attributed to Mao Zedong, in 1977 Deng Xiaoping argued that it was the Gang of Four who came up with the phrase and that Mao himself saw intellectuals as having some value in society.^[3]

References[]

^ Li, Kwok-sing (1995). A Glossary of Political Terms of the People's Republic of China. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press. pp. 27–28.
^ Ya Se (雅瑟) and Qing Ping (青苹), eds. (2014). 中华词源 (Etymologies of China). Available on Google Books.
^ Deng, Xiaoping (1984). "Mao Zedong Thought Must be Correctly Understood as an Integral Whole". Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Volume 2. Beijing: Foreign Language Press.

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[1] Li, Kwok-sing (1995). A Glossary of Political Terms of the People's Republic of China. Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press. pp. 27–28.

[2] Ya Se (雅瑟) and Qing Ping (青苹), eds. (2014). 中华词源 (Etymologies of China). Available on Google Books.

[3] Deng, Xiaoping (1984). "Mao Zedong Thought Must be Correctly Understood as an Integral Whole". Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Volume 2. Beijing: Foreign Language Press.

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v t Cultural Revolution
Major events	Socialist Education Movement Lushan Conference Down to the Countryside Movement February Countercurrent Wuhan incident 9th Party Congress One Strike-Three Anti Campaign Project 571 Lin Biao incident 10th Party Congress Criticize Lin, Criticize Confucius 1975 Banqiao Dam failure Counterattack the Right-Deviationist Reversal-of-Verdicts Trend Tiananmen Incident 3rd Plenum of the 11th Central Committee Boluan Fanzheng
Massacres	Red August Daxing Massacre Guangxi Massacre Inner Mongolia incident Guangdong Massacre Hunan Massacres Daoxian massacre Shaoyang County Massacre Yunnan Massacres Zhao Jianmin Spy Case Shadian incident Ruijin Massacre
Key figures	Mao Zedong Liu Shaoqi Zhou Enlai Lin Biao Deng Xiaoping Gang of Four (Jiang Qing Zhang Chunqiao Yao Wenyuan Wang Hongwen) Peng Dehuai Wu Han Peng Zhen Tao Zhu Chen Boda Wang Dongxing Xie Fuzhi Ji Dengkui Wang Li Qi Benyu Wu Faxian Qiu Huizuo Yang Chengwu Chen Zaidao Kang Sheng Mao Yuanxin Hua Guofeng Ye Jianying
Documents	Bombard the Headquarters Quotations from Chairman Mao Hai Rui Dismissed from Office
Concepts	Four Olds Struggle session Feudal fascism Big-character poster Cow demons and snake spirits Seizure of power Violent Struggle One Divides into Two Democracy Wall Eight model plays Capitalist roader Yiku sitian Learn from Daqing in industry Learn from Dazhai in agriculture Scar literature On Class Origins
Groups	Red Guards May Sixteenth elements Five Man Group Cultural Revolution Group Central Case Examination Group Central Organization and Propaganda Leading Group Revolutionary committee Shanghai People's Commune 8341 Special Regiment Sent-down youth 61 Renegades Barefoot doctor Stinking Old Ninth Five Black Categories Five Red Categories Worker-Peasant-Soldier student May Seventh Cadre School Xiaoyao Faction
Related topics	Maoism Mao Zedong's cult of personality Great Leap Forward List of campaigns of the Chinese Communist Party Class struggle Sino-Soviet split Ultra-Leftism Peaceful Evolution theory Two Whatevers Morning Sun (film)
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Stinking Old Ninth

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