Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

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Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR Азәрбаjҹан ССР Али Совети (Azerbaijani) Верховный Совет Азербайджа́нской ССР (Russian)
Azerbaijan SSR (1938–1991) Azerbaijan (1991–1995)
Type
Type	Supreme Soviet[1]
History
Established	1938
Disbanded	1995
Preceded by	Parliament of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
Succeeded by	National Assembly
Leadership
Chairman	Elmira Gafarova (last)
Chairman of the Presidium	Elmira Gafarova (last)
Elections
Last election	1990

The Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR (Azerbaijani: Азәрбаjҹан ССР Али Совети, Azərbaycan SSR Ali Soveti; Russian: Верховный Совет Азербайджа́нской ССР tr. Verkhovnyy Sovet Azerbaydzhanskoy SSR) was the supreme soviet (main legislative institution) of the Azerbaijan SSR. In 1994, the Supreme Soviet was renamed to the National Assembly and was officially disbanded in 1995 when a semi-presidential system was implemented.^[2]

History[]

During the last session of Azerbaijani Parliament on April 27, 1920 under pressure of the Bolshevik Russian 11th Red Army and ultimatum from Caucasian Committee of the Russian Communist Party which invaded Azerbaijan, the deputies decided to disband the government in favour of the Bolsheviks to avoid bloodshed. Once the Bolsheviks took over, they abolished all structures of the Azerbaijani government and established the Azerbaijan Interim Revolutionary Committee administered by Azerbaijani communists Nariman Narimanov, Aliheydar Garayev, Gazanfar Musabekov, Hamid Sultanov and Dadash Bunyadzade. The Bolsheviks dissolved the Azerbaijani Army, executed its generals and officers, and nationalized private industries.

In May 1921, the first All-Azerbaijan Soviet Session made up of newly elected deputies from all regions of Azerbaijan convened in Baku. The elected deputies were mainly drawn from poor, uneducated, unprepared factory workers and villagers which facilitated complete rule from Moscow.^{[citation needed]} The first session established the Azerbaijan Central Executive Committee consisting of 75 members and its board with 13 members. From 1921 through 1937, nine sessions of All-Azerbaijan Soviets were convened. In 1937, during the 9th session of the All-Azerbaijani Soviets a new Azerbaijan SSR Constitution was ratified and the new legislative body the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR was established.

The first elections to Supreme Soviet took place on June 24, 1938. Out of 310 deputies elected, 107 were workers, 88 collective farmers and 115 educated civil servants. Seventy two of the deputies were women. Due to the authoritarian nature of Soviet rule where most new initiatives were met with hostility, the parliament was virtually ineffective. Due to multiple reforms and restructuring in the government of the Azerbaijan SSR in the 1970s-1980s, the role of the Supreme Soviet increased. Many legislative reforms including the ratification of the new Azerbaijan SSR Constitution of 1977 took place. After the demands of the Armenian SSR to transfer the NKAO region of Azerbaijan to Armenia, the parliament was largely passive and indifferent. On October 18, 1991 the Supreme Soviet passed a resolution confirming the restoration of the independence of Azerbaijan.^[3]

Convocations[]

• 1st Convocation (1938-1946)
• 2nd Convocation (1947-1950)
• 3rd Convocation (1951-1954)
• 4th Convocation (1955-1959)
• 5th Convocation (1959-1962)
• 6th Convocation (1963-1966)
• 7th Convocation (1967-1970)
• 8th Convocation (1971-1975)
• 9th Convocation (1975-1979)
• 10th Convocation (1980-1984)
• 11th Convocation (1985-1990)
• 12th Convocation (1991-1995)

Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet[]

In May 1990, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR was disbanded. As a result, the powers within the position of the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet were transferred to the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet.

No.	Picture	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Political party
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
1		Mir Teymur Yagubov (1904-1970)	18 July 1938	7 April 1941	CPSU
2		Aziz Aliyev (1896-1962)	7 April 1941	6 March 1944	CPSU
3		(1908-1955)	6 March 1944	22 March 1947	CPSU
4		(1906-1995)	22 March 1947	26 March 1951	CPSU
5		(1905-1964)	26 March 1951	18 April 1953	CPSU
6		Mustafa Topchubashov (1895-1981)	18 April 1953	25 March 1955	CPSU
7		(1912-1977)	25 March 1955	23 January 1958	CPSU
8		Mirza Ibrahimov (1911-1993)	23 January 1958	25 March 1959	CPSU
9		(?-?)	25 March 1959	26 November 1959	CPSU
10		(?-?)	26 November 1959	29 March 1963	CPSU
11		(1904-1975)	29 March 1963	5 April 1967	CPSU
12		Mustafa Topchubashov (1895-1981)	5 April 1967	1 July 1971	CPSU
13		Suleyman Rustam (1906-1989)	1 July 1971	10 June 1989	CPSU
14		Elmira Gafarova (1934-1993)	18 May 1990	5 March 1992	CPSU

Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet[]

No.	Picture	Name (Birth–Death)	Took office	Left office	Political party
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
1		Mir Bashir Gasimov (1879–1949)	21 July 1938	23 April 1949	CPSU
2		(1896–1968)	18 May 1949	9 March 1954	CPSU
3		Mirza Ibrahimov (1911–1993)	9 March 1954	23 January 1958	CPSU
4		(1913–1985)	23 January 1958	25 November 1959	CPSU
5		Saftar Jafarov (1900–1961)	25 November 1959	16 November 1961	CPSU
6		Mammad Isgandarov (1914–1985)	29 December 1961	25 December 1969	CPSU
7		Gurban Khalilov (1906–2000)	25 December 1969	30 December 1985	CPSU
8		(1925–2014)	30 December 1985	22 June 1989	CPSU
9		Elmira Gafarova (1934–1993)	22 June 1989	18 May 1990	CPSU

See also[]

• Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
• Supreme Soviet
• Azerbaijan SSR

References[]