Tain Air Weapons Range
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2013) |
| Tain Air Weapons Range | |
|---|---|
| Near Tain, Highlands in Scotland | |
 Tain Air Weapons Range including the range control tower | |
  Tain AWR Location in the Highlands | |
| Coordinates | 57°48′40″N 003°58′24″W / 57.81111°N 3.97333°WCoordinates: 57°48′40″N 003°58′24″W / 57.81111°N 3.97333°W |
| Type | Air weapons range |
| Area | 1,196 hectares (2,960 acres) |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Ministry of Defence |
| Operator | Defence Infrastructure Organisation |
| Open to the public | Yes (unless red flags flying) |
| Condition | Operational |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1930 |
| In use | 1930 – present |
| Designations | |
Tain Air Weapons Range is a Ministry of Defence air weapons range on the Dornoch Firth near Tain in Scotland. Royal Air Force aircrews from RAF Lossiemouth are trained in air weaponry on the range, along with NATO aircrew.[1]
It was previously known as Royal Air Force Tain and Royal Naval Air Station Tain.
History[]
The following units were posted to the airfield at some point during the Second World War:
- No. 17 Squadron RAF with the Hawker Hurricane IIB between 17 September and 31 October 1941.[2]
- A detachment of No. 76 Squadron RAF between 1941 and 1943 with the Handley Page Halifax I & II.[3]
- No. 86 Squadron RAF initially as a detachment between 24 March 1944 and 1 July 1944 when the rest of the squadron joined until 9 August 1945 when the squadron moved to RAF Oakington. The squadron used Consolidated Liberator IIIa, V & VIII.[4]
- A detachment of No. 123 Squadron RAF from 22 September 1941 and 11 April 1942 with the Supermarine Spitfire IIA & VB.[5]
- A detachment of No. 132 Squadron RAF between September 1941 and February 1942 with the Spitfire I & IIB.[6]
- No. 144 Squadron RAF initially between 8 April 1943 and 9 July 1943 with the Bristol Beaufighter VIC & X. The squadron returned on 5 August 1943 still with the Beaufighter X staying until 20 October 1943.[7]
- No. 186 Squadron RAF between 7 January 1944 and 1 March 1944 with the Hurricane IV, Hawker Typhoon IB and the Spitfire VB.[8]
- A detachment of No. 235 Squadron RAF between 21 January 1943 and 29 August 1943 with the Beaufighter VIC.[9]
- A detachment of No. 279 Squadron RAF between 31 October 1944 and 3 September 1945 with Vickers Warwick I, Hurricane IIC and the Supermarine Sea Otter.[10]
- A detachment of No. 280 Squadron RAF between 23 November 1945 and 21 June 1946 with the Warwick I.[10]
- A detachment of No. 281 Squadron RAF between 13 August 1945 and 24 October 1945 with the Warwick I & VI, Sea Otter and Vickers Wellington XIII.[10]
- No. 311 Squadron RAF between 7 August 1944 and 6 August 1945 using the Liberator V & VI.[11]
- No. 404 Squadron RAF between 2 and 20 April 1943 with the Beaufighter XI.[12]
- A detachment of No. 415 Squadron RAF initially between 5 August 1942 and 1 September 1942 with the Handley Page Hampden before the squadron completely moved to Tain for five days.[13]
- No. 417 Squadron RAF between 24 February and 13 April 1942 with the Spitfire VB.[14]
- A detachment of No. 455 Squadron RAF between 28 April 1942 and 14 April 1944 with the Hampden and Beaufighter X.[15]
- A detachment of No. 518 Squadron RAF between 25 September 1943 and 1 October 1946 with the Halifax V, III & VI, Hurricane IIC and Spitfire VII.[16]
- No. 519 Squadron RAF between 17 August 1945 and 8 November 1945 with the Boeing Fortress I, Spitfire VII and Halifax III.[16]
- No. 547 Squadron RAF initially between 22 January and 2 April 1943 with the Wellington VIII. A detachment returned on 2 April 1943 with the Wellington XI until 31 May 1943.[17]
- 801 Naval Air Squadron between 15 February and 29 April 1942 with Hawker Sea Hurricane Ib.[18]
- 815 Naval Air Squadron between 7 December 1943 and 24 February 1944 with the Fairey Barracuda II.[19]
- 817 Naval Air Squadron between 8 and 26 February 1944 with the Barracuda II.[20]
- 822 Naval Air Squadron between 10 November 1943 and 16 January 1944 with the Barracuda II.[21]
- 829 Naval Air Squadron between 25 November 1943 and 8 February 1944 with the Barracuda II.[22]
- No. 1 Torpedo Refresher School RAF was formed here on 3 February 1943 by redesignating an element of the Coastal Command Development Unit RAF. The School was disbanded on 28 January 1944.[23]
- .[24]
- No. 4 (Coastal) OTU RAF.[24]
- .[24]
- .[24]
- .[24]
- No. 2831 Squadron RAF Regiment.[24]
- .[24]
- [24] became the and was disbanded here on 1 April 1946.[25]
Role and operations[]
The original airfield is no longer in operation, but still exists within the boundaries of the range.[1] The current station is the largest live weapons range in the Defence Training Estates.[1] It was one of only three ranges in Europe where live 1,000-pound (450 kg) bombs could be dropped (the others are Cape Wrath (RN) and Otterburn (Army)), and thus crucial to the final certification of bomber pilots. Several Second World War airfield buildings in various states of decay can be seen from the road to Inverness and Portmahomack.[citation needed]
Tain is now under the control of DIO (Defence Infrastructure Organisation). The range has no live (High Explosive) bombing as it is all done at the Cape Wrath range in the far northwest of Scotland at Durness. The weapons at Tain are 6.6 pounds (3 kg) practice bombs and inert 1,000 pounds (450 kg) concrete bombs. The Americans have in the past dropped BDU-39 and -50s and some inert 500-pound (230 kg) bombs. Typhoon Squadrons from RAF Lossiemouth are primary users of the range, and it is available to aircrews from across the United Kingdom. It is also an important range for UK Joint Terminal Attack Controllers and their NATO counterparts to maintain their air weapons qualifications.[citation needed]
There are various bombing targets spread throughout the range, including strafe targets. The range is staffed by RAF controllers and support staff from Landmarc Support Services, both of whom also man the Cape Wrath range.[citation needed]
References[]
Citations[]
- ^ Jump up to: a b c "RAF Tain - Range Activity". Royal Air Force. 2011. Retrieved 4 July 2011.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 30.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 48.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 51.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 58.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 59.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 61.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 66.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 75.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c Jefford 1988, p. 83.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 85.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 89.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 90.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 91.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 93.
- ^ Jump up to: a b Jefford 1988, p. 95.
- ^ Jefford 1988, p. 97.
- ^ Sturtivant & Ballance 1994, p. 131.
- ^ Sturtivant & Ballance 1994, p. 182.
- ^ Sturtivant & Ballance 1994, p. 189.
- ^ Sturtivant & Ballance 1994, p. 207.
- ^ Sturtivant & Ballance 1994, p. 234.
- ^ Lake 1999, p. 282.
- ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Tain". Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
- ^ Lake 1999, p. 50.
Bibliography[]
- Jefford, C.G. (1988). RAF Squadrons. A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury: Airlife. ISBN 1-85310-053-6.
- Lake, A (1999). Flying units of the RAF. Shrewsbury: Airlife. ISBN 1-84037-086-6.
- Sturtivant, R; Ballance, T (1994). The Squadrons of The Fleet Air Arm. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-223-8.
External links[]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to RAF Tain. |
| show Royal Air Force bombing ranges |
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- Airports established in 1930
- Bombing ranges
- Royal Air Force stations in Scotland
- Royal Air Force stations of World War II in the United Kingdom