Te Kawa

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Te Kawa
Village
Coordinates: Coordinates: 38°05′41″S 175°16′50″E / 38.094758°S 175.280551°E / -38.094758; 175.280551
RegionWaikato region
Territorial authorityŌtorohanga District
WardKiokio-Korakonui
ElectorateTaranaki-King Country
Population
 (2018 census)
 • Territorial1,209
Time zoneUTC+12 (NZST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+13 (NZDT)

Te Kawa is a rural community in the Otorohanga District and Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island.[1] It lies just to the south of the volcanic hills of Kakepuku and Te Kawa.[2] Until the swamp was drained in the 1900s, Te Kawa was well known for its eels.[3]

Te Kawa railway station, a station on the North Island Main Trunk, was located in the area.[4][5] It operated from 9 March 1887 and closed 17 October 1971.[6][7]

A post office was open by 1909[8] and a dairy factory and a school existed in 1913.[9] Te Kawa Bridge over the Waipa opened in 1915.[10] A town hall opened in 1928.[11]

Te Whakaaro Kotahi Marae in Te Kawa is a meeting ground of the Maniapoto hapū of Te Kanawa.[12] It includes a small building.[13]

Demographics[]

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
20061,068—    
20131,074+0.08%
20181,209+2.40%
Source: [14]
Te Kawa swamp, village and Puketarata hill from Kakepuku

The statistical area of Te Kawa, which at 115 square kilometres is much larger than the locality, had a population of 1,209 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 135 people (12.6%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 141 people (13.2%) since the 2006 census. There were 393 households. There were 618 males and 591 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.05 males per female. The median age was 32.9 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 330 people (27.3%) aged under 15 years, 225 (18.6%) aged 15 to 29, 528 (43.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 126 (10.4%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 88.1% European/Pākehā, 20.1% Māori, 2.2% Pacific peoples, 3.5% Asian, and 1.7% other ethnicities (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities).

The proportion of people born overseas was 10.2%, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people objected to giving their religion, 57.1% had no religion, 30.3% were Christian, 0.5% were Muslim and 2.2% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 114 (13.0%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 165 (18.8%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $38,200, compared with $31,800 nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 489 (55.6%) people were employed full-time, 141 (16.0%) were part-time, and 33 (3.8%) were unemployed.[14]

Te Kawa hill from Kakepuku.

Te Kawa hill[]

Te Kawa hill is 214 m (702 ft) high and just to the north of the village.[15] The 'Geology of the Waikato Area'[16] says, "The Alexandra Volcanic Group consists of several low-angle composite cones, including Karioi, Pirongia, Kakepuku, Te Kawa and Tokanui volcanoes, aligned southeast from Mount Karioi on the coast to Tokanui." It was formed in the Late Pliocene to earliest Pleistocene of subduction-related basaltic magmas.[17] Te Kawa is the only Alexandra Volcanic with a crater remaining. Outcrops of coarse tuff and lapilli tuff are on the north and northeast sides of the crater and basalt boulders with augite megacrysts in the crater.[18]

There is a pā site on the south side of the crater,[15] with ramparts up to 6 ft (1.8 m) high and ditches up to 16 ft (4.9 m) deep.[19] There are also several pits and terraces.[20]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Hariss, Gavin. "Te Kawa, Waikato". topomap.co.nz. NZ Topo Map.
  2. ^ "Te Kawa, Waikato". NZ Topo Map. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  3. ^ "TUNA LAGOONS. AUCKLAND STAR". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 10 July 1926. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  4. ^ Pierre, Bill (1981). North Island Main Trunk. Wellington: A.H&A.W Reed. pp. 289–290. ISBN 0589013165.
  5. ^ 1934 photo (top left) in The New Zealand Railways Magazine, Vol 9, Issue 2 (1 May).
  6. ^ New Zealand Railway and Tramway Atlas (First ed.). Quail Map Co. 1965. pp. 3 & 4.
  7. ^ Juliet Scoble: Names & Opening & Closing Dates of Railway Stations in New Zealand
  8. ^ "RECLAIMING THE SWAMPS. NEW ZEALAND HERALD". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 20 September 1909. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  9. ^ "Te Kawa, New Zealand Herald". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 1 July 1913. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  10. ^ "OPENING TE KAWA BRIDGE. AUCKLAND STAR". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 3 February 1915. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  11. ^ "PROGRESS OF TE KAWA. NEW ZEALAND HERALD". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 19 July 1928. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  12. ^ "Te Kāhui Māngai directory". tkm.govt.nz. Te Puni Kōkiri.
  13. ^ "Māori Maps". maorimaps.com. Te Potiki National Trust.
  14. ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Te Kawa (185400). 2018 Census place summary: Te Kawa
  15. ^ a b "Te Kawa, Waikato". NZ Topo Map. Retrieved 30 July 2021.
  16. ^ http://www.gns.cri.nz/content/download/3472/19502/file/waik_text_lowres.pdf[permanent dead link]
  17. ^ New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. The Royal Society of New Zealand. February 1958. p. 423. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  18. ^ R. M. Briggs (1983). "Distribution, form, and structural control of the Alexandra Volcanic Group, North Island, New Zealand".
  19. ^ J. Golson (1957). "Volume 66, No. 1 Field archaeology in New Zealand".
  20. ^ "Waipa District Plan. Appendix N3 - Archaeological Sites". 1 November 2016.
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