Tell Raffaan
Tell Raffaan (Tall Raffan) is an archaeological site in Iraq, in ancient Upper Mesopotamia, in the valley of the Tigris River.[1]
Archaeological research[]
Exploration of the site began in 1984 as part of the , an international archaeological salvage operation organized by the Iraqi Directorate of Antiquities due to the building of a dam on the Tigris River. Excavations on Tell Raffaan and in its vicinity were conducted by an expedition from the Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology University of Warsaw.[1] Piotr Bieliński directed the archaeological works, while Ryszard F. Mazurowski and Waldemar Chmielewski headed the field survey team, which identified Paleolithic sites on the hills surrounding the micro-region.[2] The Polish expedition also carried out work at the site of Tell Rijim, located in the same micro-region.
At its highest point, Tell Raffaan rose 6.5 meters above the level of the Tigris.[3] The research was conducted only in the eastern part of the tell since a modern cemetery occupied the western one.[2] Only one archaeological layer was identified, dating to the Early Uruk period (second half of the 4th millennium BC).[3] The excavations yielded numerous fragments of pottery as well as obsidian and flint tools. On the slope, there was a skeletal grave in stone setting, furnished with three undecorated cups similar to the pottery found in other parts of the site.[3] This part of the tell was badly eroded; no architectural remains were uncovered.[1]
External links[]
Footnotes[]
- ^ a b c "Tell Raffaan". pcma.uw.edu.pl. Retrieved 2020-08-18.
- ^ a b Reiche, Andrzej (1989–1990). "Polskie wykopaliska w rejonie Eski-Mosul w północnym Iraku w latach 1984–1987". Rocznik Muzeum Narodowego w Warszawie.
- ^ a b c Kozłowski, S. K. (1986). "Iraq". In Kiss, Z. (ed.). 50 lat polskich wykopalisk w Egipcie i na Bliskim Wschodzie (in Polish). Warsaw: PCMA UW.
- Archaeological sites in Iraq
- Tells (archaeology)
- Uruk period
- Near East archaeology stubs