Terebratula

Terebratula; Temporal range: Late Devonian - Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Terebratula maugerii from the Upper Miocene of Cordoba, Spain.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Brachiopoda
Class:	Rhynchonellata
Order:	Terebratulida
Family:	Terebratulidae
Genus:	Terebratula; Müller, 1776
Species
	T. terebratula (Linné, 1758) (type) = Anomia terebratula ;

Terebratula is a modern genus of brachiopods with a fossil record dating back to the Late Devonian. These brachiopods are stationary epifaunal suspension feeders and have a worldwide distribution.

Description[]

Terebratula species have biconvex egg-shaped shells, anterior margins of the valves have two small folds, concentric growth lines are quite thin or nearly absent. The larger valve has a ventral umbo with the opening through which they extend a short peduncle.^[1]

Selected species[]

Reassigned species[]

As Terebratula has been erected early on in paleontology, many species have since been reassigned to other genera.^[2]

T. aculeata = Platidia anomioides^[3]
T. acuminata =
T. acuta Quenstedt, 1869 =
T. acuta Sowerby, 1816 =
T. acutiplicata =
T. antinomia = Pygope deltoidea
T. antisiensis =
T. archiaci =
T. ascendens =
T. aualites =
T. australis = Magellania australis
T. bentleyi =
T. bifida =
T. bivallata =
T. brachyptycta =
T. bullata =
T. californiana = Laqueus californianus
T. capsula = Gwynia capsula
T. cardita = ^[3]
T. chilensis = Terebratella dorsata
T. cimex =
T. concentrica = Athyris concentrica
T. cordata = Joania cordata^[3]
T. cornuta =
T. costata =
T. cranium = Macandrevia cranium
T. crispa =
T. cuneata Dalman, 1828 =
T. cuneata Risso, 1826 = Argyrotheca cuneata^[3]
T. curvifrons =
T. cymbaeformis =
T. daleidensis = ^[4]
T. debuchii =
T. deltoidea =
T. depressa =
T. depressa var. cyrta =
T. dilatata = Antinomia dilatata
T. diphimorpha =
T. diphya = Pygope diphya^[3]
T. diphyoides =
T. duboisi =
T. dutempleana =
T. emarginata = Terebratulina retusa^[3]
T. eucharis =
T. eugenii =
T. euides =
T. extensa =
T. fabulites =
T. fimbri =
T. fittoni = ^[5]
T. flabellum =
T. flavescens = Magellania australis
T. flexuosa =
T. fornicata =
T. geinitziana =
T. gisii =
T. globata var. tumida =
T. gravida =
T. grayi Davidson, 1848 =
T. grayi Davidson, 1852 = Coptothyris grayi
T. gregaria = Rhaetina gregaria
T. gregariaeformis =
T. gualteri =
T. guerangeri =
T. hagar =
T. harlani =
T. hebe =
T. hemisphaeroidica =
T. henrici =
T. herculea =
T. heyseana =
T. Iineata =
T. imbricata =
T. inconspicua =
T. indistincta =
T. intermedia =
T. kielcensis =
T. laeviuscula =
T. lata = Cyclothyris latissima
T. latilinguis =
T. latissima = Cyclothyris latissima
T. latona =
T. lenticularis = Neothyris lenticularis

T. lepida =
T. lima = Kingena lima
T. lineata = Eospirifer radiatus
T. marginalis =
T. mayeri =
T. michalkowii =
T. microrhyncha =
T. monas =
T. monstruosa =
T. morierei =
T. moutoniana =
T. mucronata =
T. multicarinata = Peregrinella peregrina
T. multiformis =
T. navicula =
T. nerviensis =
T. nigricans = Notosaria nigricans
T. obesa Davidson, 1852 =
T. obesa Sowerby, 1823 =
T. orbignyana = ^[6]
T. orbis =
T. ornithocephala =
T. ovoides = Rensselaeria elongata
T. oxoptychia =
T. pachyderma =
T. pectita =
T. peregrina = Peregrinella peregrina
T. philomela =
T. phoenix =
T. pisolithica =
T. plicata =
T. plicatella = Sphenorhynchia plicatella
T. plicatilis =
T. polyplecta =
T. praegnans =
T. praelonga =
T. prisca flabellata =
T. quadrata = Terebratulina retusa^[3]
T. quinquecostata =
T. ramsaueri =
T. rectirostra =
T. renierii var. sinuosa =
T. resupinata =
T. rhaetica =
T. romingeri =
T. rostriformis =
T. sakhalinensis = Cnismatocentrum sakhalinensis
T. sanguina = Magasella evansii
T. scalpellum =
T. scalprum =
T. schlotheimi =
T. schnuri =
T. sella =
T. semiglobularis =
T. septigera = Dallina septigera
T. soldaniana = Argyrotheca cuneata^[3]
T. stephani =
T. strigiceps =
T. strogonofi =
T. subvesicularis =
T. sulcifera =
T. tarda =
T. tetraëdra = Tetrarhynchia tetrahedra
T. tetrahedra = Tetrarhynchia tetrahedra
T. tetratoma =
T. thetis =
T. torenoi =
T. transversa = Terebratalia transversa
T. triplicata squarniplex =
T. truncata Sowerby, 1826 =
T. truncata Linné, 1767 = Megerlia truncata^[3]
T. uptoni =
T. urna antiqua =
T. uva = Liothyrella uva
T. velox =
T. venusta =
T. verneuili =
T. virtrea = Gryphus vitreus^[3]
T. wissmanni =
T. wrighti =
T. wyvillei = Abyssothyris wyvillei

Gallery[]

Terebrantula ampulla fossil from Pliocene founded in Almería
Terebratula longirostris fossil at the Geological Museum, Copenhagen
Terebratula sp. from the Triassic of Bolzano, Italy

References[]

^ Taylor, Paul D.; Lewis, David N. (2007). Fossil Invertebrates. Harvard University Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-0674025745.
^ Moore, R.C. (1965). Brachiopoda. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part H., Volume 1 and 2. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. H21, H32, H43-46, H100, H206, H208, H210, H820, H831. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Emig, Christian C. (2012). "Révision des espèces de brachiopodes décrites par A. Risso [Revision of the brachiopod species described by A. Risso]" (PDF). Carnets de Géologie (Article 2012/02 (CG2012_A02) 15). doi:10.4267/2042/45933.
^ Sartenaer, P. (2010). "Re-examination of the Late Emsian rhynchonellid (brachiopod) Terebratula Daleidensis Roemer, 1844 from the Eifel area, and some related species" (PDF). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre. 80: 47–84. ISSN 0374-6291.
^ Asgaard, Ulla (1972). "Observations on Neoliothyrina fittoni - a rare Maastrichtian terebratulid from NW Europe" (PDF). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. 21: 337–345.
^ Sartenaer, Paul (2005). "Restatement of Terebratula orbignyana De Vernieuil, 1850, on the basis of the original collection" (PDF). Bulletin de l'Institute royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre. 74-supplement: 81–88.

External links[]

Terebratula in the Paleobiology Database
Short notes on Terebratula
J. Morris On the Subdivision of the Genus Terebratula

[1] Taylor, Paul D.; Lewis, David N. (2007). Fossil Invertebrates. Harvard University Press. p. 208. ISBN 978-0674025745.

[Treatise-2] Moore, R.C. (1965). Brachiopoda. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. Part H., Volume 1 and 2. Boulder, Colorado/Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America/University of Kansas Press. pp. H21, H32, H43-46, H100, H206, H208, H210, H820, H831. ISBN 0-8137-3015-5.

[Emig-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Emig, Christian C. (2012). "Révision des espèces de brachiopodes décrites par A. Risso [Revision of the brachiopod species described by A. Risso]" (PDF). Carnets de Géologie (Article 2012/02 (CG2012_A02) 15). doi:10.4267/2042/45933.

[4] Sartenaer, P. (2010). "Re-examination of the Late Emsian rhynchonellid (brachiopod) Terebratula Daleidensis Roemer, 1844 from the Eifel area, and some related species" (PDF). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre. 80: 47–84. ISSN 0374-6291.

[5] Asgaard, Ulla (1972). "Observations on Neoliothyrina fittoni - a rare Maastrichtian terebratulid from NW Europe" (PDF). Bulletin of the Geological Society of Denmark. 21: 337–345.

[6] Sartenaer, Paul (2005). "Restatement of Terebratula orbignyana De Vernieuil, 1850, on the basis of the original collection" (PDF). Bulletin de l'Institute royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre. 74-supplement: 81–88.

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[6]

Terebratula Temporal range: Late Devonian - Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Terebratula maugerii from the Upper Miocene of Cordoba, Spain.
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Brachiopoda
Class:	Rhynchonellata
Order:	Terebratulida
Family:	Terebratulidae
Genus:	Terebratula Müller, 1776
Species
T. terebratula (Linné, 1758) (type) = Anomia terebratula