Timeline of Bolzano

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bolzano/Bozen in the Trentino-South Tyrol region of Italy.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by with reliable sources.

Prior to 20th century[]

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Timeline

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  • v
  • t
  • 14 BC - A military settlement called "Pons Drusi" is founded by Romans.[1]
  • 679 - Settlement and region ruled by the Duke of Bavaria ("comes Baiuvariorum, quem illi gravionem dicunt, qui regebat Bauzanum et reliqua castella").[2]
  • 769 - Tassilo III, Duke of Bavaria issues in Bolzano the foundation charter of the Innichen Abbey.[3]
  • 996-1000 - Settlement called "in Pauzana valle, quae lingua Teutisca Pozana nuncupatur".[4]
  • 1027 - Bozen county "given by the emperor Conrad II to the bishop of Trent."[5]
  • 1170–80 ca. - The town is founded by the bishop of Trent.[6]
  • 1195 - The town's parson Rudolf is mentioned.[6]
  • 1237 - Franciscan Friary active.[7]
  • 1272 -  [de] (hospital) established.
  • 1363 - Habsburg Rudolf IV, Duke of Austria in power.[8]
  • 1437 - The borough rights (Stadtrecht) issued.[9]
  • 1442 - Town council established by King Frederick III.[10]
  • 1443 and 1483 - Two great town fires destroy large parts of the inner city.[11]
  • 1472 - The Bozner Stadtbuch (Liber civitatis) instituted by mayor Konrad Lerhueber as the towns official register of legal acts.[12]
  • 1519 - The openwork spire of the Parish church (now Cathedral) finished by the stonemasons Burkhard Engelberg and Hans Lutz von Schussenried.[13]
  • 1551 - The Bozner Bürgerbuch, a register of the new citizens, instituted.
  • 1635 -  [de] established.[10]
  • 1805 - Town becomes part of the Kingdom of Bavaria, first Civic Theatre established.
  • 1810 - Town becomes part of French client Kingdom of Italy.[14]
  • 1813 - Town becomes part of Austria again.[14]
  • 1837 - Population: 10,499.(de)
  • 1842 -  [de] newspaper begins publication.
  • 1859 - Brenner Railway (Verona-Bozen) begins operating; Bozen railway station opens.
  • 1861 - 10 November:  [de] held.
  • 1862 -  [de] (sport club) formed.
  • 1867 - Brenner Railway (Innsbruck-Bozen) begins operating.[15]
  • 1874 -  [it] (Austro-Hungarian war cemetery) established.
  • 1882 - Der Tiroler newspaper begins publication.
  • 1889 -  [de] erected in the  [de].[5]
  • 1894 -  [de] newspaper begins publication.
  • 1895 - Julius Perathoner becomes mayor.
  • 1898 - Überetsch Railway begins operating.
  • 1900 - Population: 23,521.(de)

20th century[]

  • 1907 -  [de] (funicular) and Rittnerbahn (railway) begin operating.
  • 1909 - Bolzano Tramway begins operating.
  • 1912 -  [de] (funicular) begins operating.
  • 1915 - Tiroler Soldaten-Zeitung newspaper begins publication.[16]
  • 1918
    • The new Civic Theatre (Stadttheater) opens.
    • Italian forces take South Tyrol region during World War I and rename it as "Alto Adige"[8]
  • 1921 - 24 April: Fascist unrest (Bloody Sunday).
  • 1922 - October: Fascist  [it] occurs.
  • 1923
  • 1925 - Gries [it] becomes part of Bolzano.
  • 1926
  • 1927 - The Province of Bolzano established and separated from the Trento Province.
  • 1928 - The Fascist Bolzano Victory Monument inaugurated.[18]
  • 1930 - Stadio Druso (stadium) opens.
  • 1931 - Associazione Calcio Bolzano (football club) formed.
  • 1933 - HC Bolzano (ice hockey club) formed.
  • 1936 - Population: 45,505.(de)
  • 1936 - The today's Corso della Libertà-Freiheitstraße (Liberty Avenue), a major civic boulevard adorned by buildings in monumentalist style, has been created by the fascist regime (then called Corso IX Maggio).[19]
  • 1939-42 - The local Casa del Fascio built displaying a monumental Mussolini basrelief, recontextualized in 2017.[18]
  • 1939-40 - The South Tyrol Option Agreement leads to the emigration of parts of the german-speaking population into the Third Reich.
  • 1943
    • September: South Tyrol region annexed by Germany; Bolzano becomes part of the Nazi German Operationszone Alpenvorland (district).[8]
    • Bombing of Bolzano.
  • 1944 - Bolzano Transit Camp begins operating.
  • 1945 - Town liberated by allied forces from the nazifascist occupational forces on May 4
  • 1948
  • 1950 -  [it] (theatre) founded.
  • 1951 - Population: 70,898.(de)
  • 1960 - Rai Südtirol (radio) begins broadcasting.
  • 1961 - Night of fire happened.
  • 1964 - Roman Catholic Diocese of Bolzano-Brixen established.[20]
  • 1966 - Rai Südtirol (TV channel) begins broadcasting.
  • 1967 - Haus der Kultur „Walther von der Vogelweide“ (Waltherhaus), a theatre and culture venue inaugurated.
  • 1968 -  [it] becomes mayor.
  • 1971 - Population: 105,757.(de)
  • 1974 - F.C. Südtirol (football club) formed.
  • 1977 - Radio Tandem begins broadcasting.
  • 1985 - Museion - Museo d'Arte Moderna (museum) founded.
  • 1988 - Mattino dell'Alto Adige newspaper begins publication.[17]
  • 1993 - Eurac Research (European Academy Bozen-Bolzano), a transdisciplinary research centre, founded.
  • 1995
  • 1996
  • 1997 - Free University of Bozen-Bolzano founded.
  • 1998
    • South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology established.
    •  [de] opens.
  • 1999 -  [it] (theatre) opens.

21st century[]

  • 2003 -  [it] newspaper begins publication.
  • 2005 - Luigi Spagnolli becomes mayor.[21]
  • 2008 - New Museion (museum) building opens.
  • 2013
  • 2014 - BZ ’18–’45: one monument, one city, two dictatorships, a permanent exhibition within the fascist Monument to Victory is inaugurated.[23]
  • 2015 - The so-called Stolpersteine, Holocaust victims commemorative markers, are laid out.[24]
  • 2016 -  [it] held; Renzo Caramaschi becomes mayor.
  • 2017 - The former Casa del Fascio historicized.[18][25]
  • 2018 - NOI Techpark Südtirol/Alto Adige, a large science and technology park within the former industrial zone, opens.
  • 2019 - WaltherPark, a large urban renewal project designed by David Chipperfield starts.

See also[]

Timelines of other cities in the macroregion of Northeast Italy:(it)

References[]

  1. ^ History of Bolzano
  2. ^ Paulus Diaconus, Hist. Lang. V. 36.
  3. ^ Martin Bitschnau; Hannes Obermair (2009). Tiroler Urkundenbuch, II. Abteilung: Die Urkunden zur Geschichte des Inn-, Eisack- und Pustertals. 1. Innsbruck: Universitätsverlag Wagner. pp. 30–1 no. 50. ISBN 978-3-7030-0469-8.
  4. ^ Josef Widemann (1943). Die Traditionen des Hochstifts Regensburg und des Klosters St. Emmeram (Quellen und Erörterungen zur bayerischen und deutschen Geschichte, NF 8). Munich: C.H. Beck, pp. 216-7, no. 259; Franz Huter (1937). Tiroler Urkundenbuch. I.1. Innsbruck: Wagner, no. 33.
  5. ^ Jump up to: a b Britannica 1910.
  6. ^ Jump up to: a b Obermair 1995.
  7. ^ "Beni culturali" (in Italian and German). Provincia autonoma di Bolzano. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  8. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Domenico 2002.
  9. ^ Obermair, 2005-08 & Vol II, pp. 79–83.
  10. ^ Jump up to: a b "La storia di Bolzano in breve" (in Italian and German). Città di Bolzano. Retrieved 27 January 2017.
  11. ^ Obermair, 2005-08 & no. 1017 and 1207.
  12. ^ Obermair 2008, pp. 149, no. 1132.
  13. ^ Franz Bischoff (1999). „Der vilkunstreiche Architector und der Statt Augspurg Wercke Meister“. Burkhard Engelberg und die süddeutsche Architektur um 1500: Anmerkungen zur sozialen Stellung und Arbeitsweise spätgotischer Steinmetzen und Werkmeister. Augsburg: Wissner. (Schwäbische Geschichtsquellen und Forschungen 18). ISBN 3-89639-157-7
  14. ^ Jump up to: a b "Bolzano". Oxford Art Online. Retrieved 26 January 2017
  15. ^ Jump up to: a b Paula Sutter Fichtner (2009). Historical Dictionary of Austria. USA: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6310-1.
  16. ^ "ANNO (Austrian Newspapers Online)" (in German). Vienna: Austrian National Library. Retrieved 26 January 2017
  17. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
  18. ^ Jump up to: a b c Obermair 2017.
  19. ^ Lavori in Corso 2020.
  20. ^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  21. ^ "I borgomastri/sindaci di Bolzano dal 1449 fino ad oggi" (in Italian and German). Città di Bolzano. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  22. ^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 26 January 2017. Bolzano/Bozen
  23. ^ Michielli-Obermair 2016.
  24. ^ Mayr-Obermair 2014.
  25. ^ Carlo Invernizzi-Accetti, A small Italian town can teach the world how to defuse controversial monuments. The Guardian, December 6, 2017.

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia and German Wikipedia.

Bibliography[]

in English[]

  • "Botzen". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
  • William Augustus Brevoort Coolidge (1910), "Botzen", Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, OCLC 14782424
  • "Botzen", Austria-Hungary (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911, pp. 207–10
  • Roy Domenico (2002). "Trentino-Alto Adige: Bolzano". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 301–4. ISBN 0313307334.
  • Hannes Obermair (2014). "Use of Records in Medieval Towns: The Case of Bolzano, South Tyrol". In Marco Mostert; Anna Adamska (eds.). Writing and the Administration of Medieval Towns. Utrecht Studies in Medieval Literacy. Turnhout: Brepols. ISBN 978-2-503-54959-0.
  • Obermair, Hannes (2017), "Monuments and the City—an almost inextricable entanglement", in Matthias Fink; et al. (eds.), Multiple Identitäten in einer "glokalen Welt"—Identità multiple in un "mondo glocale"—Multiple identities in a "glocal world", Bozen-Bolzano: Eurac Research, pp. 88–99, ISBN 978-88-98857-35-7

in German[]

Further information (in German):  [de]
  •  [de] (written in 14th century)
  • Beda Weber (1849). Stadt Bozen und ihre Umgebungen (in German). Bozen: Eberle.
  • Leopold Kastner, ed. (1867). "Bozen". Handels- und Gewerbe-Adressbuch des österreichischen Kaiserstaates. Vienna: Beck'sche Universitätsbuchhandlung.
  • Eduard Gottlieb Amthor (1872). Bozen und Umgebung (in German). Gera.
  • "Bozen". Brockhaus' Konversations-Lexikon (in German). 3 (14th ed.). Leipzig: Brockhaus. 1896.
  • Obermair, Hannes (1995), "Kirche und Stadtentstehung. Die Pfarrkirche Bozen im Hochmittelalter (11.–13. Jahrhundert)", in Der Schlern (ed.), Zeitschrift für Südtiroler Landeskunde, 69, Bozen-Bolzano: Athesia, pp. 449–474
  • Hannes Obermair (2005–2008). Bozen Süd – Bolzano Nord: Schriftlichkeit und urkundliche Überlieferung der Stadt Bozen bis 1500 (2 volumes) (in German). Bozen-Bolzano. ISBN 978-88-901870-1-8.
  • Sabrina Michielli, Hannes Obermair (2016). BZ '18–'45: ein Denkmal, eine Stadt, zwei Diktaturen. Begleitband zur Dokumentations-Ausstellung im Bozener Siegesdenkmal. Vienna-Bozen/Bolzano: Folio Verlag. ISBN 978-3-85256-713-6.

in Italian[]

  • "Bolzano", Enciclopedia Italiana (Treccani) (in Italian), 1930
  • Bolzano fra i Tirolo e gli Asburgo / Bozen von den Grafen von Tirol bis zu den Habsburgern (in Italian and German). Civic Archives in Bozen-Bolzano. 1999.
  • Heiss, Hans; Obermair, Hannes (2014). "Culture della memoria in contrasto. L'esempio della città di Bolzano-Bozen dal 2000 al 2010". In Obermair, Hannes (ed.). Erinnerungskulturen des 20. Jahrhunderts im Vergleich—Culture della memoria del novecento a confronto. Città di Bolzano. pp. 19–34. ISBN 978-88-907060-9-7.
  • Mayr, Sabine; Obermair, Hannes (2014). Sprechen über den Holocaust. Die jüdischen Opfer in Bozen — eine vorläufige Bilanz. Der Schlern, 88,3, pp. 4–36. ISSN 0036-6145.
  • Hannes Obermair; Fabrizio Miori; Maurizio Pacchiani (2020). Lavori in Corso – Die Bozner Freiheitsstraße (in Italian and German). La Fabbrica del Tempo–Die Zeitfabrik. ISBN 978-88-943205-2-7.

External links[]

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