Timeline of Mexico City

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Mexico City, Mexico.

Prior to 19th century[]

1325 – Tenochtitlán founded by Aztecs.^[1]
1521 – City captured and sacked by Spanish forces led by Cortés.^[1]
1524 – México Tenochtitlán municipality established.
1527 – Spanish Royal Audiencia of Mexico established.
1537 – Mint built.^[1]
1539 - Printer Juan Pablos active.^[2]
1543 – Convento Grande de San Francisco painting school established (approximate date).^[3]
1551 – Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico founded.^[1]
1588 – San Ildefonso College founded by Jesuits.
1592
- Consulado established.^[4]
- Alameda Central park created.
1629 – Flood.^[1]
1645 – Metropolitan Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
1690 – Church of San Bernardo consecrated.
1692 – Uprising against Spanish rule.^[1]
1720 – Church of La Profesa dedicated.^[5]
1736 – Palace of the Inquisition built.
1752 – Teatro Principal built.^[5]
1766 – House of the Marquis of Uluapa built.
1776 – National Pawn Shop opens.^[5]
1777 – Sacro y Real Monte Pío de Animas founded.
1778
- School of fine arts founded.^[1]
- La Enseñanza Church consecrated.
1785 – Palace of Iturbide (residence) built.
1790 – Population: 112,926.^[6]

19th century[]

1813 – School of Mines built.^[6]
1824 – Federal District created.
1826 - El Iris literary magazine in publication.
1831 - El Cocinero Mexicano (cookbook) published.^[7]
1833 – National Institute of Geography and Statistics established.^[8]
1847
- August 19–20: Battle of Contreras.
- September 8–15: Battle for Mexico City.
1848 – February 2: Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo signed, ending the Mexican–American War.
1863
- "French troops occupied Mexico City."^[9]
- La Merced Market buildings constructed.
1865 – Drogueria de la Profesa (drugstore) in business.^[10]
1866 – National Conservatory of Music founded.
1868 - La Concordia restaurant in business.^[7]
1875 – Arbeu Theatre opens.^[5]
1887
- Fabrica Linera (textile mill) established.^[11]
- Monument to Cuauhtémoc erected.^[12]
1888 – Posada printer in business.^[12]
1891 – El Palacio de Hierro (shop) in business.^[13]
1900
- Prison built.^[1]
- Population: 344,721.^[1]

20th century[]

1903 – Mexico City Banking Co. established.^[11]
1905 – General Hospital of Mexico opens.^[14]
1907 – Post office built.^[1]
1910 – monument erected on Paseo de la Reforma.
1917 – Excélsior newspaper begins publication.^[15]
1918 – Teatro Esperanza Iris opens.
1919 – Academia Mexicana de la Historia established.
1921 – Secretariat of Public Education headquartered in city.
1928
- Federal District of Mexico City divided into 80 boroughs.^{[citation needed]}
- Teatro Ulises active.
1930 – La Aficion newspaper begins publication.^[16]
1932 – Teatro Orientación founded.
1934 – Palacio de Bellas Artes inaugurated.
1937
- Taller de Gráfica Popular established.^[17]
- Hotel Majestic opens in the Portal de Mercaderes.
1940
- 21 August: Leon Trotsky assassinated.
- Palacio Chino (cinema) opens.^[18]
1941 – Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation building constructed.
1943
- Colegio Nacional founded.
- Tepeyac Teatro opens.^[18]
1945 – Bimbo Bread in business.^[19]
1947 – Servicio de Transportes Eléctricos begins operation.
1948 – New Federal District building constructed.
1950 - Population: 2,233,709.^[20]
1952 – National Auditorium opens.
1954 – Ciudad Universitaria campus built in Coyoacán.
1957 – July 28: Earthquake.
1960 – Cine Latino (cinema) opens.^[18]
1962
- Library of the Congress of Mexico established.
- El Día newspaper begins publication.^[16]
1964 – Museum of the City of Mexico and National Museum of Anthropology inaugurated.
1966 - Estadio Azteca (stadium) opens.^[21]
1968
- October 2: Tlatelolco massacre.^[9]
- October: 1968 Summer Olympics held.
1969
- First line of Mexico City Metro (subway system) opens.
- Sister city relationship established with Los Angeles, USA.^[22]
1971
- June 10: Corpus Christi massacre.
- Polyforum Cultural Siqueiros opens.
1978
- Templo Mayor excavated.
- Mexico City Philharmonic Orchestra founded.^[23]
1980
- Cuestion newspaper begins publication.^[16]
- El Parnaso bookshop in business.
1982
- Central de Abasto (market) built.
- National Museum of Art opens.^[24]
1985 – September 19: 1985 Mexico City earthquake.
1986
- Franz Mayer Museum opens.
- 1986 FIFA World Cup Final held at Estadio Azteca.
1990 – Population: 8,235,744; metro 15,047,685.^[6]
1992 – Supreme Court built.^[17]
1993 – Cafebrería el Péndulo bookshop/cafe opens.
1995 – World Trade Center Mexico City opens.
1997 – Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas elected Head of Government of the Federal District.
2000 – Andrés Manuel López Obrador becomes Head of Government of the Federal District.

21st century[]

2001 – Pujol (restaurant) in business.
2003 – Policia de Barrio program established.^[25]
2004 – Centro Cultural Universitario Tlatelolco established.
2005
- Mexico City Metrobús begins operating.
- Alejandro Encinas Rodríguez becomes interim Head of Government of the Federal District, succeeded by reinstated Andrés Manuel López Obrador.
2006
- Marcelo Ebrard elected Head of Government of the Federal District.
- Centro Cultural Bella Epoca bookshop opens.
2008 – November 4: Plane crash in Las Lomas.
2010 – Population: 8,851,080; metro 20,116,842.
2012
- Homeless World Cup football contest held.
- Miguel Ángel Mancera becomes Head of Government of the Federal District.^[26]
2013 – January 31: Torre Ejecutiva Pemex explosion.
2020 - COVID-19 pandemic
2021 - Mexico City Metro overpass collapse

References[]

^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Britannica 1910.
^ Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.
^ "Mexico, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
^ Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup (ed.), Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN 9780765682680
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Maxson 1920.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Marley 2005.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Jeffrey M. Pilcher (2012). Planet Taco: A Global History of Mexican Food. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-991158-5.
^ "Mexico". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5t72q98c.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Timelines: History of Mexico from 1810 to 2008", World Book, USA
^ "Growth of Business in Mexico", Overland Monthly, San Francisco, California, 56, July 1910
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b Mexican Year Book. McCorquodale & Company. 1912.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Mexico and Central America, 1800–1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
^ Marroquí 1900.
^ Garza Merodio 2006.
^ "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c "Mexico". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. ISBN 1857432533.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b "Mexico and Central America, 1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c "Movie Theaters in Mexico City". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
^ Weis 2009.
^ "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
^ Tom Dunmore (2011). Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.
^ "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Retrieved August 20, 2016.
^ Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. p. 277+. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.
^ Alex M. Saragoza; et al., eds. (2012). "Chronology of Contemporary Mexico". Mexico Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic. USA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-34948-5.
^ Müller 2010.
^ "Mexican Mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved March 25, 2014.

This article incorporates information from the Spanish Wikipedia.

Bibliography[]

in English[]

Published before 20th century[]

Antonio de Solís; Thomas Townsend (1738). "Description of the City of Mexico". History of the Conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards. London. hdl:2027/mdp.39015008857297.
R. H. Bonnycastle (1819). "Metropolis of New Spain". Spanish America. Philadelphia: A. Small. hdl:2027/uc1.b4841339.
Abraham Rees (1819), "Mexico", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
Jedidiah Morse; Richard C. Morse (1823), "Mexico", A New Universal Gazetteer (4th ed.), New Haven: S. Converse
David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Town of Mexico". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
Josiah Conder (1830), "City of Mexico", Mexico and Guatimala, The Modern Traveller, 25, London: J.Duncan
John Frost [1] (1853), "Mexico", Great Cities of the World in their Glory and in their Desolation, Auburn, New York: Alden, Beardsley & Co.
Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Mexico". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. 3. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co. hdl:2027/nyp.33433000064802. Mejico
Albert S. Evans (1870), "Mexico", Our Sister Republic: a Gala Trip through Tropical Mexico in 1869-70, Hartford, Connecticut: Columbian Book Co.
William Eleroy Curtis (1888), "Mexico", The Capitals of Spanish America, New York: Harper & Bros.
Emil Riedel (1892), Practical guide of the city and valley of Mexico, City of Mexico: I. Epstein, OCLC 9712451, OL 19370863M
Alfred Ronald Conkling (1893), "City of Mexico and Environs", Appletons' Guide to Mexico, New York: D. Appleton & Company
Archibald Wilberforce, ed. (1893). "Mexico". Capitals of the Globe. NY: Peter Fenelon Collier. hdl:2027/mdp.39015061863513.
Henry Moore (1894), "Commercial Directory: Mexico City", Railway Guide of the Republic of Mexico, Springfield, Ohio: Huben & Moore, OCLC 22498265
"City of Mexico", Vamos á México, Chicago: Southern Pacific Company, 1896

Published in 20th century[]

1900s-1950s

"Mexico City". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
Robert South Barrett (1903), Standard guide to the city of Mexico and vicinity, City of Mexico: Modern Mexico, OL 7093895M
Mexico: the Magazine Guide. 1. Mexico City: W.J. de Lamater Company. 1907.
"Mexico: City of Mexico", United States, with Excursions to Mexico, Cuba, Porto Rico, and Alaska (4th ed.), Leipzig: K. Baedeker, 1909, OCLC 02338437
Reau Campbell (1909), "City of Mexico", Campbell's New Revised Complete Guide and Descriptive Book of Mexico, Chicago: Rogers & Smith Co., OCLC 1667015
"History and Description: Special Places: Mexico (City and Valley)". List of Works in the New York Public Library Relating to Mexico. New York Public Library. 1909.
"Mexico City", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
Harold R. Maxson (1920), A Practical Handbook with Useful Information Regarding Mexico City and Vicinity, Mexico City: American Book & Printing Co., OCLC 8753962, OL 7113864M
"North America's Oldest Metropolis", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 58, 1930 (describes Mexico City)

1960s-1990s

Frieden, Bernard. The search for housing policy in Mexico City. Town Planning Review. 36 (1965)
"Mexico, the City That Founded a Nation", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 143, 1973
"Mexico City: An Alarming Giant", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 166, 1984
Lourdes Beneria and Martha Roldan. 1987. The Crossroads of Class and Gender: Industrial Homework, Subcontracting, and Household Dynamics in Mexico City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
La Capital: The Biography of Mexico City, Jonathan Kandell. New York: Random House, 1988 ISBN 0-394-540697
Peter M. Ward (1990). Mexico City: The Production and Reproduction of an Urban Environment. Belhaven Press. ISBN 978-1-85293-041-7.
José Luis Lezama (1994). "Mexico: Mexico City". In Gerald Michael Greenfield (ed.). Latin American Urbanization: Historical Profiles of Major Cities. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0313259372.
"Mexico City: Pushing the Limits", National Geographic Magazine, Washington, D.C., 190, 1996 – via Gale
Diana Davis. Social Construction of Mexico City. Journal of Urban History. 24 (1998), 364-415
John Fisher (1999), Mexico, Rough Guides (4th ed.), London, p. 267+, OL 24935876M
Keith Pezzoli (2000). Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-66114-0.

Published in 21st century[]

"Mexico City". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
David Marley (2005), "Mexico City", Historic Cities of the Americas, 1, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, pp. 247–266, ISBN 1576070271
Gustavo G. Garza Merodio (2006). "Technological innovation and the expansion of Mexico City, 1870-1920". Journal of Latin American Geography. 5 (2): 109–126. doi:10.1353/lag.2006.0025. JSTOR 25765142.
Emily Wakild (2007). "Naturalizing Modernity: Urban Parks, Public Gardens and Drainage Projects in Porfirian Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 23 (1): 101–123. doi:10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.101. JSTOR 10.1525/msem.2007.23.1.101.
Rubén Gallo, ed. (2009). The Mexico City Reader. Univ of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-19713-1.
Robert Weis (2009). "Immigrant Entrepreneurs, Bread, and Class Negotiation in Postrevolutionary Mexico City". Mexican Studies. 25: 71–100. doi:10.1525/msem.2009.25.1.71. S2CID 143510225.
Diane Davis (2010). Urban Leviathan: Mexico City in the Twentieth Century. Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-4399-0485-5.
Markus-Michael Müller (2010). "Community Policing in Latin America: Lessons from Mexico City". European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies (88): 21–37. JSTOR 25676405.
Moises Gonzales (2012). "From Myth to Megacity: Transformation of the Urban Landscape of Mexico City". Traditional Dwellings and Settlements Review. 24 (1): 41. JSTOR 41945785.

In Spanish[]

José María Marroquí (1900). La Ciudad de México (in Spanish). 1. Tip. y Lit. "La Europea" de J. Aguilar Vera y Ca.
Artemio de Valle-Arizpe (1939). Historia de la ciudad de México según los relatos de sus cronistas [History of Mexico City according to the accounts of its chroniclers] (in Spanish). México, D.F.: P. Robredo. OCLC 6945299.
Peter M. Ward (2004). México Megaciudad: Desarrollo y Política, 1970-2002 (in Spanish). Colegio Mexiquense. ISBN 978-970-701-447-3.

External links[]

Europeana. Items related to Mexico City, various dates.
Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Mexico City, various dates
"Mexico City", American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection, USA – via University of Wisconsin, ca.1880-1957

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-1] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Britannica 1910.

[anzovin2000-2] Steven Anzovin and Janet Podell, ed. (2000). Famous First Facts. H.W. Wilson Co. ISBN 0824209583.

[3] "Mexico, 1400–1600 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved July 30, 2014.

[4] Ralph Lee Woodward Jr. (2013) [2005], "Merchant Guilds", in Cynthia Clark Northrup (ed.), Encyclopedia of World Trade, Routledge, ISBN 9780765682680

[FOOTNOTEMaxson1920-5] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d Maxson 1920.

[FOOTNOTEMarley2005-6] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c Marley 2005.

[Pilcher2012-7] Jump up to: ^a ^b Jeffrey M. Pilcher (2012). Planet Taco: A Global History of Mexican Food. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-991158-5.

[Learned1908-8] "Mexico". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5t72q98c.

[WorldBook-9] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Timelines: History of Mexico from 1810 to 2008", World Book, USA

[10] "Growth of Business in Mexico", Overland Monthly, San Francisco, California, 56, July 1910

[McCorquodale1912-11] Jump up to: ^a ^b Mexican Year Book. McCorquodale & Company. 1912.

[MMA-ca10-12] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Mexico and Central America, 1800–1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved May 30, 2014.

[FOOTNOTEMarroquí1900-13] Marroquí 1900.

[FOOTNOTEGarza_Merodio2006-14] Garza Merodio 2006.

[CRL-15] "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved March 25, 2014.

[europa2004-16] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c "Mexico". Europa World Year Book. Taylor & Francis. 2004. ISBN 1857432533.

[MMA-ca11-17] Jump up to: ^a ^b "Mexico and Central America, 1900 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved August 20, 2016.

[CinemaTreasures-18] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c "Movie Theaters in Mexico City". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved March 25, 2014.

[FOOTNOTEWeis2009-19] Weis 2009.

[20] "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.

[Dunmore2011-21] Tom Dunmore (2011). Historical Dictionary of Soccer. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7188-5.

[22] "Sister Cities of Los Angeles". USA: City of Los Angeles. Retrieved August 20, 2016.

[Lawson2003-20th-23] Colin Lawson, ed. (2003). "Orchestras Founded in the 20th Century (chronological list)". Cambridge Companion to the Orchestra. Cambridge University Press. p. 277+. ISBN 978-0-521-00132-8.

[saragoza2012-chronology-24] Alex M. Saragoza; et al., eds. (2012). "Chronology of Contemporary Mexico". Mexico Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic. USA: ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-34948-5.

[FOOTNOTEMüller2010-25] Müller 2010.

[26] "Mexican Mayors". City Mayors.com. London: City Mayors Foundation. Retrieved March 25, 2014.

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show v t Landmarks and historic buildings of the Historic center of Mexico City
Zócalo and immediate vicinity	Mexico City administrative buildings Madero Street Mexico City Cathedral Nacional Monte de Piedad National Palace Old Portal de Mercaderes Templo Mayor Zócalo
Schools and colleges	Academia Mexicana de la Historia Academy of San Carlos Colegio de Minería Colegio de San Ignacio de Loyola Vizcaínas Colegio Nacional University of the Cloister of Sor Juana
Government buildings	Chamber of Deputies Library of the Congress of Mexico Old Customs Building Palace of the Marqués del Apartado Secretariat of Public Education Senate Supreme Court
Religious buildings	Corpus Christi Church Jesús Nazareno La Enseñanza Convent of La Merced La Santísima La Soledad Nuestra Señora de Loreto Regina Coeli San Bernardo Church of San Felipe Neri "La Profesa" San Francisco Convent of Jesús María and Our Lady of Mercy Santa Inés Santa Teresa la Antigua Santa Veracruz Santo Domingo Parish of Jesús María and Our Lady of Mercy Historic Synagogue Justo Sierra 71 Valvanera Cathedral
Museums	Caricature Museum Franz Mayer Museum House of the First Print Shop in the Americas Interactive Museum of Economics José Luis Cuevas Museum Museo de Arte Popular Museo de Charrería Museo del Estanquillo Museo de la Estampa Museo Nacional de Arte Museum of Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público Museum of Mexico City National Museum of Cultures Palace of the Inquisition (Museum of Mexican Medicine) Colegio de San Ildefonso Colegio de San Pedro y San Pablo, now Mexico City (Museum of the Constitutions) Casa Talavera Cultural Center
Palaces	Borda House, Mexico City Casa de los Azulejos Chapultepec Castle Houses of the Mayorazgo de Guerrero Palace of Iturbide Palace of the Marqués del Apartado Palacio de Bellas Artes Palacio de Correos de Mexico Palacio de la Autónomia
Historic houses	House of the Count de la Torre Cosío y la Cortina House of the Marquis of Uluapa Tlaxcala House
Traditional markets	Abelardo L. Rodríguez Market Ciudadela Market La Merced Market San Juan Market
Other	Alameda Central Antigua Escuela de Jurisprudencia Avenida Juárez Centro Cultural de España Chapultepec aqueduct Edificio Miguel E. Abed Garden of the Triple Alliance Hospital de Jesús Nazareno Hospital San Hipólito INAH Building Plaza Garibaldi Plaza Santo Domingo Teatro de la Ciudad Teatro Fru Fru Tlaxcala House Tlaxcoaque Torre Latinoamericana

show v t Years in Mexico (1810–present)
19th century	Pre-1810 1810 1821 1829 1830 1831 1835 1836 1839 1842 1843 1846 1847 1848 1853 1857 1860 1862 1863 1864 1867 1884 1888 1891	Mexico portal
20th century	1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1924 1926 1927 1928 1929 1933 1934 1936 1950 1951 1952 1954 1955 1956 1958 1959 1960 1962 1964 1966 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1976 1977 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
21st century	2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Timeline of Mexico City

Contents

Prior to 19th century[]

19th century[]

20th century[]

21st century[]

See also[]

References[]

Bibliography[]

in English[]

Published before 20th century[]

Published in 20th century[]

Published in 21st century[]

In Spanish[]

External links[]

Part of a series on the
History of Mexico

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