Timeline of Pietermaritzburg

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The following is a timeline of the history of Pietermaritzburg. It is part of the Msunduzi Local Municipality in the Umgungundlovu District Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.

19th century[]

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  • 1839
    • Pietermaritzburg founded by Voortrekkers; named after Gerrit Maritz and Piet Retief.[1]
    • October: Settlement becomes capital of the newly formed Natalia Republic.
  • 1840 - Voortrekker Church of the Vow consecrated.[2]
  • 1843
    • British  [af] established.[3][4]
    • Natalier newspaper begins publication.[5]
    • Settlement becomes capital of the newly formed British Colony of Natal.
  • 1846
    • Natal Witness newspaper begins publication.
    • Book Society founded.[6]
  • 1847 - Natal Independent newspaper begins publication.[7]
  • 1851
    • Natal and East African Society and Agricultural Society founded.[6]
    • In vicinity of Pietermaritzburg, development of Edendale begins.[8]
  • 1856
    • Pietermaritzburg incorporated as a borough.[9][1]
    • D. D. Buchanan becomes mayor.[9]
    • Pietermaritzburg officials issue "ordinance permitting the establishment of African locations" (i.e. racial segregation).[10]
  • 1862 - Prison built on Burger Street.[11]
  • 1863 - Mr. William Calder opens High School Maritzburg, later to become Maritzburg College, or, simply "College."[12]
  • 1868
  • 1874 - Botanical Garden established.
  • 1878 - February: Natal Society Museum opens.[6]
  • 1879 - Pietermaritzburg County Football Club formed.[13]
  • 1880 - Durban-Pietermaritzburg railway begins operating.[2][1]
  • 1885 - Pietermaritzburg Chamber of Commerce active (approximate date).[chronology citation needed][14]
  • 1888 - Alexandra Park established.
  • 1893 - 7 June: Civil rights activist Gandhi removed from train in Pietermaritzburg for defying racial segregation law.[2]
  • 1897 - St. John's Diocesan School for Girls founded.

20th century[]

  • 1901 - Town Hall rebuilt.[1]
  • 1904
    • Electric tram begins operating.
    • Natal Government Museum active.[15]
    • Population: 31,119.[1]
  • 1910
    • Natal University College founded.[1]
    • Pietermaritzburg becomes part of the newly formed Union of South Africa (British dominion).
  • 1911 - Population: 30,555.[16]
  • 1912 - Voortrekker museum founded.[2]
  • 1919 - Fort Napier becomes a hospital.[chronology citation needed]
  • 1920 - Pietermaritzburg Girls' High School founded.
  • 1921 - Comrades Marathon (Durban-Pietermaritzburg) begins.
  • 1924 - Beer hall in business on Pietermaritz Street.[17]
  • 1925 - Shuter & Shooter Publishers in business.
  • 1927 - Afrikaansmediumskool (school) established.
  • 1929 - "Native Village at Sobantu" built.[17]
  • 1931 - Natal Bantu Football Association formed.[13]
  • 1934 - Nux student newspaper begins publication.
  • 1944 - Pietermaritzburg Italian P.O.W. Church built on Epworth Road.
  • 1948 - Alexandra Park Street Circuit (motor race track) opens.
  • 1951 - Dusi Canoe Marathon to Durban begins.
  • 1953 - Roy Hesketh Circuit (motor race track) opens.
  • 1954 - Edendale Hospital founded.
  • 1960 - Alexandra High School for white boys opens.
  • 1961 - Pietermaritzburg becomes part of the newly independent Republic of South Africa.
  • 1962 - Statue of Piet Retief unveiled.
  • 1972 - 6 April: "In the Natal Supreme Court in Pietermaritzburg, at the end of the longest trial of its kind in South Africa, thirteen defendants...are sentenced...for contravening the Terrorism Act."[2]
  • 1979 - Maritzburg United F.C. (football club) formed.
  • 1976 - St Saviour's Cathedral, Pietermaritzburg deconsecrated and demolished in 1981.
  • 1981 - Anglican Cathedral of the Holy Nativity consecrated.
  • 1985 - 5 August: Treason trial begins.[18]
  • 1987 - September: Flood.[19]
  • 1989 - Napierville prison begins operating.[11]
  • 1990 - March: "Seven Day War" occurs.[2]
  • 1991 - Population: 156,473 city; 228,549 metro.[20]
  • 1993
    • April: Unrest.[21]
    • 6 June: Gandhi memorial unveiled.[2]
  • 1996 - Children in Distress Network (CINDI) organized.[22]
  • 2000
    • Pietermaritzburg becomes part of the newly formed Msunduzi Local Municipality (which includes Edendale, Imbali, etc.).
    • Hloni Glenford Zondi becomes mayor.

21st century[]

  • 2001 - Population: 223,519.
  • 2002 - Pietermaritzburg Chamber of Business formed.[23]
  • 2004 - University of Natal becomes University of KwaZulu-Natal.
  • 2005 - Website Msunduzi.gov.za launched (approximate date).[24]
  • 2006 - Zanele Hlatshwayo becomes mayor of Msunduzi.[25]
  • 2010 - May: Mike Tarr becomes mayor of Msunduzi.[26]
  • 2011 - Chris Ndlela becomes mayor of Msunduzi.[27]
  • 2013 - Spring Grove Dam at Mooi River begins operating in vicinity of city.[28]
  • 2016 - Themba Njilo becomes mayor of Msunduzi.[29][30]

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ a b c d e f Britannica 1910.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "Sahistory.org.za". Cape Town: South African History Online. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
  3. ^ Dominy 1992.
  4. ^ Graham Dominy (2016). Last Outpost on the Zulu Frontier: Fort Napier and the British Imperial Garrison. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-09824-6.
  5. ^ Robert Russell (1899). Natal: The Land and Its Story. London: J. M. Dent & Co.
  6. ^ a b c "History". Natalia.org.za. Natal Society Foundation. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  7. ^ Lloyd's 1906.
  8. ^ Marc Epprecht (2016). Welcome to Greater Edendale: Histories of Environment, Health, and Gender in an African City. McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 978-0-7735-9966-6.
  9. ^ a b Ingram 1898.
  10. ^ Merrett 1994.
  11. ^ a b "History of the Old Prison", News24.com, 9 December 2016, Old Pietermaritzburg Prison
  12. ^ College 1863-1963, R.W. Kent pp 10, 24
  13. ^ a b John Nauright (1997). Sport, Cultures, and Identities in South Africa. Leicester University Press. ISBN 978-0-7185-0072-6.
  14. ^ Blue Book for the Colony of Natal, Natal: P. Davis & Sons, 1885
  15. ^ Annals of the Natal Government Museum, vol. 1, London, 1906 – via HathiTrust
  16. ^ "British Empire: Province of Natal". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
  17. ^ a b Whelan 2015.
  18. ^ Alan Cowell (6 August 1985), "South Africa Puts 16 Blacks on Trial in a Treason Case", New York Times
  19. ^ "Toll in Rain and Floods Hits 60 in South Africa", New York Times, 30 September 1987
  20. ^ "South Africa". Africa South of the Sahara 2003. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 9781857431315. ISSN 0065-3896.
  21. ^ "South Africa Riots Lead to 7 Deaths; Tensions Run High", New York Times, 15 April 1993
  22. ^ "Alan Paton Centre & Struggle Archives". Pietermaritzburg: University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  23. ^ "About Us". Pietermaritzburg Chamber of Business. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  24. ^ "Msunduzi.gov.za". Msunduzi Municipality. Archived from the original on 30 October 2005 – via Wayback Machine.
  25. ^ "Hlatshwayo snatches mayorship from Zondi". Iol.co.za. 16 March 2006.
  26. ^ "MEC fires official for 13 charges". Iol.co.za. 21 January 2011.
  27. ^ "Tough year for Msunduzi Municipality". Iol.co.za. 23 December 2011.
  28. ^ "Look after infrastructure, says Zuma", Iol.co.za, 19 November 2013, Mooi Mngeni Water Scheme
  29. ^ "Njilo to run for mayor". News24.com. 20 June 2016.
  30. ^ "'There will be no aloof councillors'-Njilo". Maritzburgsun.co.za. 24 August 2016.

Bibliography[]

External links[]

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