United States Forces Japan

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United States Forces Japan
在日米軍
Seal of the USFJ.svg
USFJ insignia
Active1 July 1957—present
Country Japan
 United States
Size50,000 (approx.)
HeadquartersYokota Air Base, Fussa, Western Tokyo
Nickname(s)USFJ
Websitehttps://www.usfj.mil/
Commanders
Current
commander		Flag of a United States Air Force lieutenant general.svg Lt Gen Ricky N. Rupp[1]

United States Forces Japan (USFJ) (Japanese: 在日米軍, Hepburn: Zainichi Beigun) is a subordinate unified command of the United States Indo-Pacific Command (USINDOPACOM). It was activated at Fuchū Air Station in Tokyo, Japan, on 1 July 1957 to replace the Far East Command.[2] USFJ is commanded by the Commander, US Forces Japan (COMUSJAPAN) who is dual-hatted as commander of the Fifth Air Force. U.S. Forces Japan is currently headquartered at Yokota Air Base in Tokyo.

COMUSJAPAN plans, directs, and supervises the execution of missions and responsibilities assigned by the Commander, U.S. Indo-Pacific Command (COMUSINDOPACOM). They establish and implement policies to accomplish the mission of the United States Armed Forces in Japan and are responsible for developing plans for the defense of the country. USFJ supports the Security Treaty and administers the Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) between the United States and Japan. They are responsible for coordinating various matters of interest with the service commanders in Japan. These include matters affecting US-Japan relationships among and between the United States Department of Defense; DOD agencies and the U.S. Ambassador to Japan; and DOD agencies and the Government of Japan (GOJ).

Under the Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan, the United States is obliged to provide Japan in close cooperation with the Japan Self-Defense Forces, with maritime defense, ballistic missile defense, domestic air control, communications security, and disaster response.

History[]

JGSDF soldiers at Camp Kinser
United States Forces helped Japanese in Operation Tomodachi following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami

After the Japanese surrender at the end of World War II in Asia, the United States Armed Forces assumed administrative authority in Japan. The Japanese Imperial Army and Navy were decommissioned, and the U.S. Armed Forces took control of Japanese military bases until a new government could be formed and positioned to reestablish authority. Allied forces planned to demilitarize Japan, and the new government adopted the Constitution of Japan with a no-armed-force clause in 1947.

After the Korean War began in 1950, Douglas MacArthur, the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in Japan and the Japanese government established the paramilitary "National Police Reserve", which was later developed into the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF).

In 1951, the Treaty of San Francisco was signed by the allied countries and Japan, which restored its formal sovereignty. At the same time, the U.S. and Japan signed the Japan-America Security Alliance. By this treaty, USFJ is responsible for the defense of Japan. As part of this agreement, the Japanese government requested that the U.S. military bases remain in Japan, and agreed to provide funds and various interests specified in the Status of Forces Agreement. At the expiration of the treaty, the United States and Japan signed the new Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan. The status of the United States Forces Japan was defined in the U.S.–Japan Status of Forces Agreement. This treaty is still in effect, and it forms the basis of Japan's foreign policy.

During the Vietnam War, US military bases in Japan, especially those in the Okinawa Prefecture, were used as important strategic and logistic bases. In 1970, the Koza riot occurred against the US military presence on Okinawa. The USAF strategic bombers were deployed in the bases on Okinawa, which were still administered by the U.S. government. Before the 1972 reversion of the island to Japanese administration, it has been speculated but never confirmed that up to 1,200 nuclear weapons may have been stored at Kadena Air Base on Okinawa during the 1960s.[3]

As of 2013, there are approximately 50,000 U.S. military personnel stationed in Japan, along with approximately 40,000 dependents of military personnel and another 5,500 American civilians employed there by the United States Department of Defense. The United States Seventh Fleet is based in Yokosuka, Kanagawa Prefecture. The 3rd Marine Expeditionary Force (III MEF) is based on Okinawa. 130 USAF fighters are stationed in the Misawa Air Base and Kadena Air Base.[4]

The Japanese government paid ¥217 billion (US$2.0 billion) in 2007[5] as annual host-nation support called Omoiyari Yosan (思いやり予算, sympathy budget or compassion budget).[6] As of the 2011 budget, such payment was no longer to be referred to as omoiyari yosan or "sympathy budget".[7] Japan compensates 75 percent of U.S. basing costs — $4.4 billion.[8]

Immediately after the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, 9,720 dependents of United States military and government civilian employees in Japan evacuated the country, mainly to the United States.[9]

The relocation of the U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma to Henoko was resolved in December 2013 with the signing of a landfill agreement by the governor of Okinawa. Under the terms of the U.S.-Japan agreement, five thousand U.S. Marines were relocated to Guam and four thousand U.S. Marines to other Pacific locations such as Hawaii or Australia while around ten thousand Marines were to remain on Okinawa.[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] No timetable for the Marines redeployment was announced, but The Washington Post reported that U.S. Marines would leave Okinawa as soon as suitable facilities on Guam and elsewhere were ready.[13] The relocation move was expected to cost 8.6 billion US dollars,[10] including a $3.1bn cash commitment from Japan for the move to Guam as well as for developing joint training ranges on Guam and on Tinian and Pagan in the Northern Mariana Islands.[11] Certain parcels of land on Okinawa which were leased for use by the American military were supposed to be turned back to Japanese control via a long-term phased return process according to the agreement.[13] These returns have been ongoing since 1972.[citation needed] In October 2020, Marine Corps Base Camp Blaz was activated on Guam. The new base is meant to house Marine relocated from Okinawa, with the final relocation planned for 2025.[17]

Further information: Relocation of Marine Corps Air Station Futenma

In May 2014, in a strategic shift by the United States to Asia and the Pacific, it was revealed the US was deploying two unarmed Global Hawk long-distance surveillance drones to Japan for surveillance missions over China and North Korea.[18]

United States presence debate[]

See also: Okinawa Island § United States military presence, and Protests of US military presence in Okinawa
Do they need bases in Henoko or Futenma? Are they unnecessary? Even aside from this discussion, security is changing.—Former Japan Minister of Defense Fumio Kyuma[19]

Okinawa makes up only 0.6 percent of the nation's land area;[4] yet, approximately 62% of United States bases in Japan (exclusive use only) are on Okinawa.[20][21]

The U.S. government employs over eight thousand Master Labor Contract (MLC)/Indirect Hire Agreement (IHA) workers on Okinawa (per the Labor Management Organization), not including Okinawan contract workers.[22]

Survey among Japanese and Okinawans[]

Even though in 2002, 73.4% of Japanese citizens stated that they appreciated the mutual security treaty with the U.S. and the presence of the USFJ,[23][needs update] part of the population demands a reduction in the number of U.S. military bases on Okinawa.[24]

In May 2010, a survey of the Okinawan people conducted by the Mainichi Shimbun and the Ryūkyū Shimpō, found that 71% of Okinawans surveyed thought that the presence of Marines on Okinawa was not necessary (15% said it was necessary). When asked what they thought about 62% of exclusive use United States Forces Japan bases being concentrated on Okinawa, 50% said that the number should be reduced and 41% said that the bases should be removed. When asked about the US-Japan security treaty, 55% said it should be a peace treaty, 14% said it should be abolished, and 7% said it should be maintained.[25]

Many of the bases, such as Yokota Air Base, Naval Air Facility Atsugi and Kadena Air Base, are located in the vicinity of residential districts, and local citizens have complained about excessive aircraft noise.[26][27][28] The 2014 poll by Ryūkyū Shimpō found that 80% of surveyed Okinawans want the Marine Corps Air Station Futenma moved out of the prefecture.[29]

On 25 June 2018, Okinawan residents protested against the construction of a new airfield intended for the US military base in the United States. The activists, armed with placards and banners, went to sea on seventy boats and ships. Protesters urged the Japanese authorities to stop the expansion of the US military presence on the island. Some of the boats went to the guarded construction site, where they came across the Coast Guard patrol vessels. Some activists were arrested for entering a prohibited zone.[30]

On 11 August 2018, about 70,000 protesters gathered at a park in the prefecture capital of Naha to protest the planned relocation of a U.S military base on the southern Japanese island. Opponents of the relocation say the plan to move U.S. Marine Corps Air Station Futenma from a crowded neighborhood to a less-populated coastal site would not only affect the environment, but would also go against local wishes to have the base moved from the island entirely.[31]

Status of forces agreement[]

There is also debate over the Status of Forces Agreement due to the fact that it covers a variety of administrative technicalities blending the systems which control how certain situations are handled between the U.S.'s and Japan's legal framework.[32]

United States service member behavior[]

Between 1972 and 2009, U.S. servicemen committed 5,634 criminal offenses, including 25 murders, 385 burglaries, 25 arsons, 127 rapes, 306 assaults, and 2,827 thefts.[33] Yet, per Marine Corps Installations Pacific data, U.S. service members are convicted of far fewer crimes than local Okinawans.[34] According to the U.S.-Japan Status of Forces Agreement, when U.S. personnel crimes are committed both off-duty and off-base, they should always be prosecuted under the Japanese law.[35]

On 12 February 2008, the National Police Agency (of Japan) or NPA, released its annual criminal statistics that included activity within the Okinawa prefecture. These findings held American troops were only convicted of 53 crimes per 10,000 U.S. male servicemen, while Okinawan males were convicted of 366 crimes per 10,000. The crime rate found a U.S. serviceman on Okinawa to be 86% less likely to be convicted of a crime by the Japanese government than an Okinawan male.[36]

Crime[]

See also: Yumiko-chan incident, 1995 Okinawa rape incident, and Michael Brown Okinawa assault incident
GIs in Special Comfort Facility Association during occupation of Japan.

At the beginning of the occupation of Japan, in 1945, many U.S. soldiers participated in the Special Comfort Facility Association.[37] The Japanese government recruited 55,000 women to work providing sexual services to US military personnel.[37] The Association was closed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.[37]

In more recent history, "crimes ranging from rape to assault and hit-and-run accidents by U.S. military personnel, dependents and civilians have long sparked protests in the prefecture," stated The Japan Times.[38] "A series of horrific crimes by present and former U.S. military personnel stationed on Okinawa has triggered dramatic moves to try to reduce the American presence on the island and in Japan as a whole," commented The Daily Beast in 2009.[39]

In 1995, the abduction and rape of a 12-year-old Okinawan schoolgirl by two U.S. Marines and one U.S. sailor led to demands for the removal of all U.S. military bases in Japan. Other controversial incidents include helicopter crashes,[citation needed] the Girard incident, the Michael Brown Okinawa assault incident, the death of the Kinjo family and the death of Yuki Uema. In February 2008, a 38-year-old U.S. Marine based on Okinawa was arrested in connection with the reported rape of a 14-year-old Okinawan girl.[40] This triggered waves of protest against American military presence on Okinawa and led to tight restrictions on off-base activities.[41][42] Although the accuser withdrew her charges, the U.S. military court-martialed the suspect and sentenced him to four years in prison under the stricter rules of the military justice system.[43]

U.S. Forces Japan designated 22 February as a "Day of Reflection" for all U.S. military facilities in Japan, and established the Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Task Force in an effort to prevent similar incidents.[44] In November 2009, Staff Sgt. Clyde "Drew" Gunn, a U.S. Army soldier stationed at Torii Station was involved in a hit-and-run accident of a pedestrian in Yomitan Village on Okinawa. Later, in April 2010, the soldier was charged with failing to render aid and vehicular manslaughter.[45] Staff Sgt. Gunn, of Ocean Springs, Mississippi, was eventually sentenced to two years and eight months in jail on 15 October 2010.[46]

In 2013, two U.S. military personnel, Seaman Christopher Browning of Athens, Texas, and Petty Officer 3rd Class Skyler Dozierwalker of Muskogee, Oklahoma, were found guilty by the Naha District Court of raping and robbing a woman in her 20s in a parking lot in October. Both admitted committing the crime. The case outraged many Okinawans, a number of whom have long complained of military-related crime on their island, which hosts thousands of U.S. troops. It also sparked tougher restrictions for all 50,000 U.S. military personnel in Japan, including a curfew and drinking restrictions.[47]

On 13 May 2013, in a controversial statement, Toru Hashimoto, co-leader of the Japan Restoration Association said to a senior American military official at the Marine Corps base on Okinawa that "we can’t control the sexual energy of these brave marines." He said that United States soldiers should make more use of the local adult entertainment industry to reduce sexual crimes against local women.[48] Hashimoto also spoke of the necessity of former Japanese Army comfort women and of prostitutes for the U.S. military in other countries such as Korea.[48]

In June 2016, after a civilian worker at the base was charged with murdering a Japanese woman, thousands of people protested on Okinawa.[49] Organizers estimated turnout at 65,000 people, which was the largest anti-base protests on Okinawa since 1995.[50]

In November 2017, an intoxicated U.S. service member was arrested following a vehicle crash on Okinawa that killed the other driver.[51]

Osprey deployment on Okinawa[]

In October 2012, twelve MV-22 Ospreys were transferred to the US Marine Corps Air Station Futenma to replace aging Vietnam-era Boeing Vertol CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters on Okinawa.[52] In October 2013, an additional 12 Ospreys arrived, again to replace CH-46 Sea Knights, increasing the number of Ospreys to 24. Japanese Defense Minister Satoshi Morimoto explained that the Osprey aircraft is safe, adding that two recent accidents were "caused by human factors".[53] Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda also stated that the Japanese government was convinced of the MV-22's safety.[54] Various incidents involving V-22 Ospreys have occurred on Okinawa.[55][better source needed] On 5 April 2018, it was announced that the U.S. Air Force would officially deploy CV-22 Osprey aircraft at its Yokota Air Base on the outskirts of Tokyo. The deployment would be the first of Ospreys in Japan other than on Okinawa, where the U.S. Marines had already deployed their version of the aircraft, known as the MV-22s.[56]

Pollution[]

In 2020, a water quality study by the Ministry of the Environment found cancer inducing toxins (FOS, or perfluorooctanesulfonic acid, and PFOA, or perfluorooctanoic acid) at 37 water sources near U.S. military bases and industrial areas which exceeded national targets.[57]

Facilities[]

List of current facilities[]

Military facilities of the United States in Japan, 2016
U.S. military bases in Japan
U.S. military facilities on Okinawa

The USFJ headquarters is at Yokota Air Base, about 30 km west of central Tokyo.

The U.S. military installations in Japan and their managing branches are as follows:

Branch
(MilDep)		 USFJ Facilities
Admin Code		 Name of Installation Primary Purpose
(Actual)		 Location
Air Force FAC 1054 Camp Chitose
(Chitose III, Chitose Administration Annex)		 Communications Chitose, Hokkaido
FAC 2001 Misawa Air Base Air Base Misawa, Aomori
FAC 3013 Yokota Air Base Fussa, Tokyo
FAC 3016 Fuchu Communications Station Communications Fuchu, Tokyo
FAC 3019 Tama Service Annex
(Tama Hills Recreation Center)		 Recreation Inagi, Tokyo
FAC 3048 Camp Asaka
(South Camp Drake AFN Transmitter Site)		 Barracks
(Broadcasting)		 Wako, Saitama
FAC 3049 Tokorozawa Communications Station
(Tokorozawa Transmitter Site)		 Communications Tokorozawa, Saitama
FAC 3056 Owada Communication Site Niiza, Saitama
FAC 3162 Yugi Communication Site Hachioji, Tokyo
FAC 4100 Sofu Communication Site Iwakuni, Yamaguchi
FAC 5001 Itazuke Auxiliary Airfield Air Cargo Terminal Hakata-ku, Fukuoka
FAC 5073 Sefurisan Liaison Annex
(Seburiyama Communications Station)		 Communications Kanzaki, Saga
FAC 5091 Tsushima Communication Site Tsushima, Nagasaki
FAC 6004 Okuma Rest Center Recreation Kunigami, Okinawa
FAC 6006 Yaedake Communication Site Communications Motobu, Okinawa
FAC 6022 Kadena Ammunition Storage Area Storage Onna, Okinawa
FAC 6037 Kadena Air Base Air Base Kadena, Okinawa
FAC 6077 Tori Shima Range Training Kumejima, Okinawa
FAC 6078 Idesuna Jima Range Tonaki, Okinawa
FAC 6080 Kume Jima Range Kumejima, Okinawa
Army FAC 2070 Shariki Communication Site Communications Tsugaru, Aomori
FAC 3004 Akasaka Press Center
(Hardy Barracks)		 Office Minato, Tokyo
FAC 3067 Yokohama North Dock Port Facility Yokohama, Kanagawa
FAC 3079 Camp Zama Office Zama, Kanagawa
FAC 3084 Sagami General Depot Logistics Sagamihara, Kanagawa
FAC 3102 Sagamihara Housing Area Housing
Kyogamisaki Communication Site Communications Kyōtango, Kyoto
FAC 4078 Akizuki Ammunition Depot Storage Etajima, Hiroshima
FAC 4083 Kawakami Ammunition Depot Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima
FAC 4084 Hiro Ammunition Depot Kure, Hiroshima
FAC 4152 Kure Pier No.6 Port Facility
FAC 4611 Haigamine Communication Site Communications
FAC 6007 Gesaji Communication Site Higashi, Okinawa
FAC 6036 Torii Communications Station
(Torii Station)		 Yomitan, Okinawa
FAC 6064 Naha Port Port Facility Naha, Okinawa
FAC 6076 Army POL Depots Storage Uruma, Okinawa
Navy FAC 2006 Hachinohe POL Depot Hachinohe, Aomori
FAC 2012 Misawa ATG Range
(R130, Draughon Range)		 Training Misawa, Aomori
FAC 3033 Kisarazu Auxiliary Landing Field Air Facility Kisarazu, Chiba
FAC 3066 Negishi Dependent Housing Area
(Naval Housing Annex Negishi)		 Housing Yokohama, Kanagawa
FAC 3083 Naval Air Facility Atsugi Air Facility Ayase, Kanagawa
FAC 3087 Ikego Housing Area and Navy Annex Housing Zushi, Kanagawa
FAC 3090 Azuma Storage Area Storage Yokosuka, Kanagawa
FAC 3096 Kamiseya Communications Station - returned to Japanese Gov 2015
(Naval Support Facility Kamiseya - returned to Japanese Gov 2015)		 Communications
(Housing)		 Yokohama, Kanagawa
FAC 3097 Fukaya Communication Site
(Naval Transmitter Station Totsuka)		 Communications
FAC 3099 United States Fleet Activities Yokosuka Port Facility Yokosuka, Kanagawa
FAC 3117 Urago Ammunition Depot Storage
FAC 3144 Tsurumi POL Depot Yokohama, Kanagawa
FAC 3181 Iwo Jima Communication Site Communications
(Training)		 Ogasawara, Tokyo
FAC 3185 New Sanno U.S. Forces Center Recreation Minato, Tokyo
FAC 5029 United States Fleet Activities Sasebo Port Facility Sasebo, Nagasaki
FAC 5030 Sasebo Dry Dock Area
FAC 5032 Akasaki POL Depot Storage
FAC 5033 Sasebo Ammunition Supply Point
FAC 5036 Iorizaki POL Depot
FAC 5039 Yokose POL Depot Saikai, Nagasaki
FAC 5050 Harioshima Ammunition Storage Area Sasebo, Nagasaki
FAC 5086 Tategami Basin Port Area Port Facility
FAC 5118 Sakibe Navy Annex Hangar
FAC 5119 Hario Dependent Housing Area
(Hario Family Housing Area)		 Housing
FAC 6028 Tengan Pier Port Facility Uruma, Okinawa
FAC 6032 Camp Shields Barracks Okinawa, Okinawa
FAC 6046 Awase Communications Station Communications
FAC 6048 White Beach Area Port Facility Uruma, Okinawa
FAC 6084 Kobi Sho Range Training Ishigaki, Okinawa
FAC 6085 Sekibi Sho Range
FAC 6088 Oki Daito Jima Range Kitadaito, Okinawa
Marine
Corps		 FAC 3127 Camp Fuji Barracks Gotenba, Shizuoka
FAC 3154 Numazu Training Area Training Numazu, Shizuoka
FAC 4092 Marine Corps Air Station Iwakuni Air Station Iwakuni, Yamaguchi
FAC 6001 Northern Training Area
(Incl. Camp Gonsalves)		 Training Kunigami, Okinawa
FAC 6005 Ie Jima Auxiliary Airfield Ie, Okinawa
FAC 6009 Camp Schwab Nago, Okinawa
FAC 6010 Henoko Ordnance Ammunition Depot Storage
FAC 6011 Camp Hansen Training Kin, Okinawa
FAC 6019 Kin Red Beach Training Area
FAC 6020 Kin Blue Beach Training Area
FAC 6029 Camp Courtney Barracks Uruma, Okinawa
FAC 6031 Camp McTureous
FAC 6043 Camp Kuwae (Camp Lester) Medical Facility Chatan, Okinawa
FAC 6044 Camp Zukeran (Camp Foster) Barracks
FAC 6051 Marine Corps Air Station Futenma Air Station Ginowan, Okinawa
FAC 6056 Makiminato Service Area (Camp Kinser) Logistics Urasoe, Okinawa
FAC 6082 Tsuken Jima Training Area Training Uruma, Okinawa

The table above show 84 in total.

JSDF-USFJ Joint Use Facilities and Areas

Temporary use facilities and areas are as follows:

USFJ Facilities
Admin Code		 Name of Installation Primary
Purpose		 Location
FAC 1066 Camp Higashi Chitose (JGSDF) Training Chitose, Hokkaido
FAC 1067 Hokkaido Chitose Maneuver Area (JGSDF)
FAC 1068 Chitose Air Base (JASDF) Air Base
FAC 1069 Betsukai Yausubetsu Large Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Training Betsukai, Hokkaido
FAC 1070 Camp Kushiro (JGSDF) Barracks Kushiro, Hokkaido
FAC 1071 Camp Shikaoi (JGSDF) Training Shikaoi, Hokkaido
FAC 1072 Kamifurano Medium Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Kamifurano, Hokkaido
FAC 1073 Camp Sapporo (JGSDF) Sapporo, Hokkaido
FAC 1074 Shikaoi Shikaribetsu Medium Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Shikaoi, Hokkaido
FAC 1075 Camp Obihiro (JGSDF) Obihiro, Hokkaido
FAC 1076 Asahikawa Chikabumidai Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Asahikawa, Hokkaido
FAC 1077 Camp Okadama (JGSDF) Recreation Sapporo, Hokkaido
FAC 1078 Nayoro Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Training Nayoro, Hokkaido
FAC 1079 Takikawa Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Takikawa, Hokkaido
FAC 1080 Bihoro Training Area (JGSDF) Bihoro, Hokkaido
FAC 1081 Kutchan Takamine Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Kutchan, Hokkaido
FAC 1082 Engaru Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Engaru, Hokkaido
FAC 2062 Camp Sendai (JGSDF) Sendai, Miyagi
FAC 2063 Camp Hachinohe (JGSDF) Barracks Hachinohe, Aomori
FAC 2064 Iwate Iwatesan Medium Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Training Takizawa, Iwate
FAC 2065 Taiwa Ojojihara Large Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Taiwa, Miyagi
FAC 2066 Kasuminome Airfield (JGSDF) Airfield Sendai, Miyagi
FAC 2067 Aomori Kotani Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Training Aomori, Aomori
FAC 2068 Hirosaki Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Hirosaki, Aomori
FAC 2069 Jinmachi Otakane Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Murayama, Yamagata
FAC 3104 Nagasaka Rifle Range (JGSDF) Yokosuka, Kanagawa
FAC 3183 Fuji Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi
Gotenba, Shizuoka
FAC 3184 Camp Takigahara (JGSDF) Gotenba, Shizuoka
FAC 3186 Takada Sekiyama Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Joetsu, Niigata
FAC 3187 Hyakuri Air Base (JASDF) Air Base Omitama, Ibaraki
FAC 3188 Soumagahara Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Training Shinto, Gunma
FAC 3189 Camp Asaka (JGSDF) Training Asaka, Saitama
FAC 4161 Komatsu Air Base (JASDF) Air Base Komatsu, Ishikawa
FAC 4162 1st Service School (JMSDF) Training Etajima, Hiroshima
FAC 4163 Haramura Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima
FAC 4164 Imazu Aibano Medium Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Takashima, Shiga
FAC 4165 Gifu Air Base (JASDF) Recreation Kakamigahara, Gifu
FAC 4166 Camp Itami (JGSDF) Training Itami, Hyogo
FAC 4167 Nihonbara Medium Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Nagi, Okayama
FAC 4168 Miho Air Base (JASDF) Air Base Sakaiminato, Tottori
FAC 5115 Nyutabaru Air Base (JASDF) Shintomi, Miyazaki
FAC 5117 Sakibe Rifle Range (JMSDF) Training Sasebo, Nagasaki
FAC 5120 Hijudai-Jumonjibaru Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Yufu, Oita
Beppu, Oita
FAC 5121 Tsuiki Air Base (JASDF) Air Base Chikujo, Fukuoka
FAC 5122 Omura Air Base (JMSDF) Recreation Omura, Nagasaki
FAC 5123 Oyanohara-Kirishima Maneuver Area (JGSDF) Training Yamato, Kumamoto
Ebino, Miyazaki
FAC 5124 Camp Kita Kumamoto (JGSDF) Kumamoto, Kumamoto
FAC 5125 Camp Kengun (JGSDF)
FAC 6181 Ukibaru Jima Training Area Uruma, Okinawa

On Okinawa, U.S. military installations occupy about 10.4 percent of the total land usage. Approximately 74.7 percent of all the U.S. military facilities in Japan are located on the island of Okinawa.[citation needed]

List of former facilities[]

The United States has returned some facilities to Japanese control. Some are used as military bases of the JSDF; others have become civilian airports or government offices; many are factories, office buildings or residential developments in the private sector. Due to the Special Actions Committee on Okinawa, more land on Okinawa is in the process of being returned. These areas include Camp Kuwae (also known as Camp Lester), MCAS Futenma, areas within Camp Zukeran (also known as Camp Foster) located about 9,900 acres (40 km2) of the Northern Training Area, Aha Training Area, Gimbaru Training Area (also known as Camp Gonsalves), a small portion of the Makiminato Service Area (also known as Camp Kinser), and Naha Port.

Army:

  • Army Composite Service Group Area (later, Chinen Service Area), Nanjō, Okinawa
  • Army STRATCOM Warehouse (later, Urasoe Warehouse), Urasoe, Okinawa
  • Bluff Area (later, Yamate Dependent Housing Area), Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Bolo Point Auxiliary Airfield (later, Trainfire Range), Yomitan, Okinawa
  • Bolo Point Army Annex, Yomitan, Okinawa
  • Camp Bender, Ōta, Gunma
  • Camp Boone, Ginowan, Okinawa
  • Camp Burness, Chūō, Tokyo
  • Camp Chickamauga, 19th Infantry, Beppu, Oita[58]
  • Camp Chigasaki, Chigasaki, Kanagawa
  • Camp Chitose Annex (Chitose I, II), Chitose, Hokkaido
  • Camp Coe, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Camp Crawford, Sapporo, Hokkaido
  • Camp Drake, Asaka, Saitama
  • Camp Drew, Ōizumi, Gunma
  • Camp Eta Jima, Etajima, Hiroshima
  • Camp Fowler, Sendai, Miyagi
  • Camp Fuchinobe (Office Japan, NSAPACREP), Sagamihara, Kanagawa
  • Camp Hakata, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka[58]
  • Camp Hardy, Ginoza, Okinawa
  • Camp Haugen, Hachinohe, Aomori
  • Camp Katakai, Kujūkuri, Chiba
  • Camp King (later, Omiya Ordnance Sub Depot), Omiya, Saitama
  • Camp Kokura, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka
  • Camp Kubasaki (later, Kubasaki School Area), [Nakagusuku, Okinawa]
  • Camp Loper, Tagajō, Miyagi
  • Camp McGill, Yokosuka, Kanagawa
  • Camp McNair, Fujiyoshida, Yamanashi
  • Camp Mercy, Ginowan, Okinawa
  • Camp Moore, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
  • Camp Mower 34th Infantry, Sasebo, Nagasaki[58]
  • Camp Nara, Nara, Nara
  • Camp Ojima, Ōta, Gunma
  • Camp Otsu, Ōtsu, Shiga
  • Camp Palmer, Funabashi, Chiba
    Camp Palmer sign
  • Camp Schimmelpfennig, Sendai, Miyagi
  • Camp Stilwell, Maebashi, Gunma
  • Camp Weir, Shinto, Gunma
  • Camp Whittington, Kumagaya, Saitama
  • Camp Wood, 21st Infantry, Kumamoto[58]
  • Camp Younghans, Higashine, Yamagata
  • Chibana Army Annex (later, Chibana Site), Okinawa, Okinawa
  • Chinen Army Annex (later, Chinen Site), Chinen, Okinawa
  • Chuo Kogyo (later, Niikura Warehouse Area), Wako, Saitama
  • Deputy Division Engineer Office, Urasoe, Okinawa
  • Division School Center, Kokura[58]
  • Etchujima Warehouse, Koto, Tokyo
  • Funaoka Ammunition Depot, Shibata, Miyagi
  • Hachinohe LST Barge Landing Area, Hachinohe, Aomori
  • Hakata Transportation Office, Hakata-ku, Fukuoka
  • Hamby Auxiliary Airfield, Chatan, Okinawa
  • Hosono Ammunition Depot, Seika, Kyoto
  • Iribaru (Nishihara) Army Annex, Uruma, Okinawa
  • Ishikawa Army Annex, Uruma, Okinawa
  • Japan Logistical Command (Yokohama Customs House), Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Jefferson Heights, Chiyoda, Tokyo
  • Kanagawa Milk Plant, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Kashiji Army Annex, Chatan, Okinawa
  • Kishine Barracks, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Kobe Pier No. 6, Kobe, Hyogo
  • Kobe Port Building, Kobe, Hyogo
  • Koza Radio Relay Annex (later, Koza Communication Site), Okinawa, Okinawa
  • Kure Barge Landing Area, Kure, Hiroshima
  • Lincoln Center, Chiyoda, Tokyo
  • Moji Port, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka
  • Nagoya Procurement (Purchasing and Contracting) Office, Nagoya, Aichi
  • Naha Army Annex (later, Naha Site), Naha, Okinawa
  • Naha Service Center, Naha, Okinawa
  • Namihira Army Annex, Yomitan, Okinawa
  • Negishi Racetrack Area, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Okinawa Regional Exchange Cold Storage (later, Naha Cold Storage), Naha, Okinawa
  • Okinawa Regional Exchange Dry Storage Warehouse (later, Makiminato Warehouse), Urasoe, Okinawa
  • Onna Point Army Annex (later, Onna Site), Onna, Okinawa
  • Oppama Ordnance Depot, Yokosuka, Kanagawa
  • Ota Koizumi Airfield (Patton Field Air Drop Range), Oizumi, Gunma
  • Palace Heights, Chiyoda, Tokyo
  • Pershing Heights (Headquarters, U.S. Far East Command/United Nations Command), Shinjuku, Tokyo
  • Sakuradani Rifle Range, Chikushino, Fukuoka
  • Sanno Hotel Officer's Quarter, Chiyoda, Tokyo
  • Shikotsuko Training Area, Chitose, Hokkaido
  • Shinzato Communication Site, Nanjo, Okinawa
  • South Ammunition Storage Annex (later, South Ammunition Storage Area), Yaese, Okinawa
  • Sunabe Army Annex, Chatan, Okinawa
  • Tana Ammunition Depot, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Tairagawa (Deragawa) Communication Site, Uruma, Okinawa
  • Tengan Communication Site, Uruma, Okinawa
  • Tokyo Army Hospital, Chūō, Tokyo
  • Tokyo Quartermaster Depot, Minato, Tokyo
  • Tokyo Ordnance Depot (later, Camp Oji), Kita, Tokyo
  • U.S. Army Medical Center, Sagamihara, Kanagawa
  • U.S. Army Printing and Publication Center, Far East, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
  • U.S. Army Procurement Agency, Japan, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Center Pier (MSTS-FE), Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Engineering Depot, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Motor Command, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Ordnance Depot, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama POL Depot, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Servicemen Club, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Signal Supply Depot, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Signal Maintenance Depot (JLC Air Strip), Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama South Pier, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yomitan Army Annex, Yomitan, Okinawa
  • Zama Rifle Range, Sagamihara, Kanagawa
  • Zukeran Propagation Annex (later, Communication Site), Chatan, Okinawa

Navy:

  • Haiki (Sasebo) Rifle Range, Sasebo, Nagasaki
  • Inanba Shima Gunnery Firing Range, Mikurajima, Tokyo
  • Kinugasa Ammunition Depot, Yokosuka, Kanagawa
  • Koshiba POL Depot, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Ominato Communication Site, Ominato, Aomori
  • Omura Rifle Range, Omura, Nagasaki
  • Makiminato Service Area Annex, Urasoe, Okinawa
  • Minamitorishima Communication Site, Ogasawara, Tokyo
  • Nagahama Rifle Range, Kure, Hiroshima
  • Nagai Dependent Housing Area (Admiralty Heights), Yokosuka, Kanagawa
  • Nagiridani Dependent Housing Area, Sasebo, Nagasaki
  • Naval Air Facility Naha, Naha, Okinawa
  • Naval Air Facility Oppama, Yokosuka, Kanagawa
  • Navy EM Club, Yokosuka, Yokosuka, Kanagawa
  • Niigata Sekiya Communication Site, Chuo-ku, Niigata
  • Shinyamashita Dependent Housing Area (Bayside Court), Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Sobe Communication Site (NSGA Hanza), Yomitan, Okinawa
  • Tokachibuto Communication Site, Urahoro, Hokkaido
  • Tomioka Storage Area, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Tsujido Maneuver Area, Chigasaki, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Bakery, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Beach (Honmoku) Dependent Housing Area, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Chapel Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokohama Cold Storage, Yokohama, Kanagawa
  • Yokosuka Naval Pier, Yokosuka, Kanagawa
  • Yosami Communication Site, Kariya, Aichi

Air Force:

Marines:

  • Aha Training Area, Kunigami, Okinawa
  • Camp Gifu, Kakamigahara, Gifu
  • Camp Hauge, Uruma, Okinawa
  • Camp Okubo, Uji, Kyoto
  • Camp Shinodayama, Izumi, Osaka
  • Gimbaru Training Area, Kin, Okinawa
  • Ihajo Kanko Hotel, Uruma, Okinawa
  • Makiminato Housing Area, Naha, Okinawa
  • Onna Communication Site, Onna, Okinawa
  • Awase Golf Course, Okinawa Prefecture (returned to the Japanese government in April 2010)
  • Yaka Rest Center, Kin, Okinawa
  • Yomitan Auxiliary Airfield, Yomitan, Okinawa (returned to the Japanese government in 2006, parachute drop training ended in March 2001)

See also[]

References[]

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External links[]

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