Vertigo (gastropod)

Vertigo
	A live individual of Vertigo moulinsiana
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Heterobranchia
Superorder:	Eupulmonata
Order:	Stylommatophora
Family:	Vertiginidae
Subfamily:
Tribe:	Vertiginini
Genus:	Vertigo; O. F. Müller, 1773

Vertigo is a genus of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the family Vertiginidae, the whorl snails.

Distribution[]

The distribution of the genus Vertigo includes Europe, northern Asia, eastern Asia, Japan, Central and North America, Caribbean and the Bermudas.^[2]

Shell description[]

In this genus, the shell is deeply rimate and ovate. The apex is acuminate and obtuse. The shell has 5–6 whorls. The last whorl is rounded. The aperture is semioval with 4 to 7 folds. The peristome is scarcely expanded and white-lipped.^[3]

Anatomy[]

Snails in the genus Vertigo have no oral tentacles, thus they have only one pair of tentacles.

The jaw is arched; the ends squarely truncated; the anterior surface striate; the cutting edge with a median projection. The radula has a central tooth that is almost square, tricuspid, as large as or larger than the lateral teeth, which are similar, narrower, and bi- or tricuspid. The marginal teeth are low, wide and serrated.^[3]

Synonyms[]

Alaea Jeffreys, 1830
† Angustella Steklov, 1967 (invalid: junior homonym of Angustella Waagen, 1907 [Bivalvia])
Dexiogyra Stabile, 1864
Glacivertigo Balashov, 2016
Haplopupa Pilsbry, 1898
Helix (Isthmia) Gray, 1821 (original name)
Isthmia Gray, 1821
†Ptychalaea O. Boettger, 1889 (junior synonym)
Pupa (Isthmia) Gray, 1821
Pupa (Vertigo) O.F. Müller, 1773 (considered a separate genus)
† Ungulidenta Popova & Schileyko, 1981 (junior synonym)
Vertigo (Alaea) Jeffreys, 1830· accepted, alternate representation
Vertigo (Alloptyx) Pilsbry, 1953 (junior synonym)
Vertigo (Angustula) Sterki, 1888 (junior synonym)
Vertigo (Boreovertigo) Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018· accepted, alternate representation
Vertigo (Isthmia) Gray, 1821· accepted, alternate representation
Vertigo (Nearctula) Sterki, 1892· accepted, alternate representation
† Vertigo (Ptychalaea) O. Boettger, 1889 (junior synonym)
Vertigo (Vertigo) O. F. Müller, 1773· accepted, alternate representation
Vertigo (Vertilla) Moquin-Tandon, 1856· accepted, alternate representation
Vertigo (Vertillaria) Pilsbry, 1919

Species[]

Apertural view of a shell of Vertigo heldi

Species in the genus Vertigo include:

subgenus Vertigo O. F. Müller, 1774

Vertigo alpestris Alder, 1838 – tundra vertigo
† Harzhauser & Neubauer, 2018
Vertigo antivertigo (Draparnaud, 1801)
Vertigo arctica (Wallenberg, 1858)
Vertigo arthuri Von Martens, 1882
Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018
† Steklov in Steklov & Tsytovich, 1967
Vertigo bollesiana (Morse, 1865) – Delicate vertigo snail
Horsak & Pokryszko, 2010^[4]
† Reuss in Reuss & Meyer, 1849
Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018
Vertigo clementina (Sterki, 1890)
(Roscoe and Roscoe, 1955) – Mitered vertigo^[5]
† Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001
† (Sandberger, 1872)
† Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001
(Brooks, 1936) – tapered vertigo^[6]
Vertigo extima (Westerlund, 1877)
† (Reuss, 1861)
Vertigo genesii (Gredler, 1856) – Round-mouthed Whorl Snail
Vertigo geyeri Lindholm, 1925
Vertigo gouldii (Binney, 1843)^[7]
† Klebs, 1886
Vertigo heldi Clessin, 1877
† (Deshayes, 1863)
Nekola, Chiba, Coles, Drost, Proschwitz & Horsák, 2018
† Schlickum & Strauch, 1979
† Klebs, 1886
Vertigo lilljeborgi (Westerlund, 1871)
† Pierce in Pierce & Constenius, 2001
Vertigo milium (Gould, 1840)^[7] – Blade Vertigo
† Gottschick & Wenz, 1919
† O. Boettger, 1870
Vertigo modesta (Say, 1824) – cross vertigo
† Wenz & Edlauer, 1942
Vertigo moulinsiana (Dupuy, 1849) – Desmoulin's whorl snail
† (Stworzewicz & Pokryszko, 2015)
Pokryszko & Hlaváč, 2009
(Mousson, 1876)
† Michaud, 1862
Sterki, 1909
† (Halaváts, 1903)
† (Halaváts, 1903)
Sterki, 1890
Vertigo ovata (Say, 1822)^[7] – ovate vertigo
† (Sandberger, 1875)
† Schlickum & Strauch, 1979
† (De Boissy, 1848)
† Vertigo paradoxa Sterki in Pilsbry, 1900
† Russell, 1956
† (Sandberger, 1875)
Vertigo pseudosubstriata Ložek, 1954^[8]
Vertigo pusilla O. F. Müller, 1774 – type species
Vertigo pygmaea (Draparnaud, 1801) – crested vertigo
Vertigo ronnebyensis (Westerlund, 1871)
Kuroda & Amano, 1960
(O. Boettger, 1879)
Vertigo substriata (Jeffreys, 1833)
Pokryszko & Auffenberg, 2009
† Schlickum & Strauch, 1979
† Wenz in K. Fischer & Wenz, 1914
† Pilsbry in Pilsbry & C. M. Cooke, 1919
Vertigo ventricosa (E. S. Morse, 1865)
† Neubauer & Harzhauser in Neubauer et al., 2017
† Pierce in Pierce & Rasmussen, 1992

subgenus Vertilla Moquin-Tandon, 1856

Vertigo angustior Jeffreys, 1830 – Narrow-mouthed Whorl Snail

subgenus ?

Vertigo alabamensis G. Clapp, 1915 – Alabama Vertigo
G. Clapp, 1915
Crosse, 1890^[7]
Vertigo hebardi Vanetta, 1912
Vertigo hubrichti Pilsbry, 1934
Van Devender, 1979
Arango in Poey, 1856^[7]
Sterki, 1890 – Palmetto Vertigo
Sterki, 1890 – Capital Vertigo
Vertigo occulta Vanetta, 1912
Vertigo parcedentata (Braun, 1847)
Sterki, 1890 – Striate Vertigo
Hubricht, 1961 – Swamp Vertigo
Aguayo & Jaume, 1934^[7]
Vertigo ultimathule Proschwitz, 2007^[9]

References[]

This article incorporates public domain text from reference.^[3]

^ Müller O. F. 1773. Vermivm terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Voluminis Imi pars Ima. pp. [1–33], 1–135. Havniæ & Lipsiæ. (Heineck & Faber).
^ "Genus summary for Vertigo"]. AnimalBase, last modified 30 January 2010, accessed 2 October 2010.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c (25 April) 1902. The Mollusca of the Chicago Area. Part II. Gastropoda. Bulletin No. III. of the Natural History Survey, The Chicago Academy of Sciences, 418 pp. 33 plates, page 240-241.
^ Horsak, M. & Pokryszko, B. M. "Vertigo botanicorum sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)–a new whorl-snail from the Russian Altai Mountains." Zootaxa 2634 (2010): 57–62.
^ "Vertigo concinnula". Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.
^ "Vertigo elatior". Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
^ Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Mollusca" Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011.
^ (in German) Ložek V. (1964). Quartärmollusken der Tschechoslowakei. – Rozpravy Ústředního ústavu geologického, Praha, 31: 374 pp., pp. 204–205.
^ Proschwitz T. von (2007). "Vertigo ultimathule n. sp., a new whorl-snail from northernmost Sweden (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)". 5(3): 73–74, Taf. 9. München.

External links[]

[1] Müller O. F. 1773. Vermivm terrestrium et fluviatilium, seu animalium infusoriorum, helminthicorum et testaceorum, non marinorum, succincta historia. Voluminis Imi pars Ima. pp. [1–33], 1–135. Havniæ & Lipsiæ. (Heineck & Faber).

[2] "Genus summary for Vertigo"]. AnimalBase, last modified 30 January 2010, accessed 2 October 2010.

[Baker-3] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c (25 April) 1902. The Mollusca of the Chicago Area. Part II. Gastropoda. Bulletin No. III. of the Natural History Survey, The Chicago Academy of Sciences, 418 pp. 33 plates, page 240-241.

[4] Horsak, M. & Pokryszko, B. M. "Vertigo botanicorum sp. nov. (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)–a new whorl-snail from the Russian Altai Mountains." Zootaxa 2634 (2010): 57–62.

[v-concinnula-5] "Vertigo concinnula". Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 18 May 2017.

[v-elatior-6] "Vertigo elatior". Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. Archived from the original on 19 May 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.

[ecosis.cu-7] Jump up to: ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Mollusca" Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. Diversidad Biológica Cubana, accessed 23 March 2011.

[Ložek_1964-8] (in German) Ložek V. (1964). Quartärmollusken der Tschechoslowakei. – Rozpravy Ústředního ústavu geologického, Praha, 31: 374 pp., pp. 204–205.

[9] Proschwitz T. von (2007). "Vertigo ultimathule n. sp., a new whorl-snail from northernmost Sweden (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Vertiginidae)". 5(3): 73–74, Taf. 9. München.

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