Washukanni

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A map of Mesopotamia showing Washukanni, Nineveh, Hatra, Assur, Nuzi, Palmyra, Mari, Sippar, Babylon, Kish, Nippur, Isin, Lagash, Uruk, Charax Spasinu and Ur, from north to south.

Washukanni (also spelled Waššukanni) was the capital of the Hurrian kingdom of Mitanni, from around 1500 BC to the 13th century BC. Its precise location is unknown.[1] A proposal by Dietrich Opitz located it under the largely unexcavated mound of Tell el Fakhariya, near Tell Halaf in Syria.[2] A neutron activation comparison with clay from relevant Amarna tablets appeared to rule out Tell Fakhariya.[3] This idea was also rejected by Edward Lipinski.[4] However, this identification received a new support by Stefano de Martino, Mirko Novák and Dominik Bonatz due to recent archaeological excavations by a German team.[5]

The city is known to have been sacked by the Hittites under Suppiluliuma I (reigned c. 1344–1322 BC) in the first years of his reign, whose treaty inscription[6] relates that he installed a Hurrian vassal king, Shattiwaza. The city was sacked again by the Assyrian king Adad-nirari I around 1290 BC, but very little else is known of its history.

See also[]

  • Mitanni
  • Cities of the ancient Near East

References[]

  1. ^ Parrot André. Barthel Hrouda, Waššukanni, Urkiš, Śubat-Enlil, dans MDOG, 90 (janvier 1958) In: Syria. Tome 37 fascicule 1-2, 1960. pp. 191-192
  2. ^ D. Opitz, "Die Lage von Wassugganni", ZA 37, pp. 299-301, 1927
  3. ^ [1]Allan Dobel, "NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS AND THE LOCATION OF WASSUKANNI", Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1976-12-01
  4. ^ Lipiński, Edward (2000). The Aramaeans: Their Ancient History, Culture, Religion. Peeters Publishers. p. 120. ISBN 978-90-429-0859-8.
  5. ^ De Martino, Stefano, 2018. "Political and Cultural Relations between the Kingdom of Mittani and its Subordinated Polities in Syria and Southeast Anatolia", in Changing Faces of Kingship in Syria-Palestine 1500-500 BCE, Ugarit Verlag, p. 38: "...the recent German archaeological excavations at Tell Fekheriye support the assumption that the capital of Mittani, Wassukkanni, was located there..." See also Novák (2013: 346) and Bonatz (2014).
  6. ^ Suppiluliuma-Shattiwaza treaty excerpts. GeoCities, archived at webcitation.org and archive.org

Retrieved from ""