William Inge (priest)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Reverend

William Inge

KCVO FBA
Deaninge.jpg
Born
William Ralph Inge

6 June 1860
Crayke, Yorkshire, England
Died26 February 1954
Wallingford, Oxfordshire, England
Alma materKing's College, Cambridge
Spouse(s)
Mary Catharine Inge
​
​
(m. 1904; died 1949)​
ChildrenPaula Inge
ChurchChurch of England
TitleDean of St. Paul's Cathedral

William Ralph Inge KCVO FBA (/ˈɪŋ/;[1] (6 June 1860 – 26 February 1954) was an English author, Anglican priest, professor of divinity at Cambridge, and dean of St Paul's Cathedral, which provided the appellation by which he was widely known, Dean Inge. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature three times.[2]

Early life and education[]

Time cover, 24 Nov 1924

He was born on 6 June 1860 in Crayke, Yorkshire. His father was William Inge, Provost of Worcester College, Oxford, and his mother Susanna Churton, daughter of Edward Churton, Archdeacon of Cleveland. Inge was educated at Eton College, where he was a King's Scholar and won the Newcastle Scholarship in 1879, and at King's College, Cambridge, where he won a number of prizes, as well as taking firsts in both parts of the Classical Tripos.[3]

Career[]

Positions held[]

He was a tutor at Hertford College, Oxford starting in 1888, the year he was ordained as a deacon in the Church of England.

His only parochial position was as vicar of All Saints, Knightsbridge, London, from 1905 to 1907.[3]

In 1907, he moved to Jesus College, Cambridge, on being appointed Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity.

In 1911, he became dean of St. Paul's Cathedral in London. He served as president of the Aristotelian Society at Cambridge from 1920 to 1921.

He had retired from full-time church ministry in 1934.

Inge was also a trustee of London's National Portrait Gallery from 1921 until 1951.

Writing[]

Inge was a prolific author. In addition to scores of articles, lectures and sermons, he also wrote over 35 books.[4] Inge was a columnist for the Evening Standard for many years, finishing in 1946.

He is best known for his works on Plotinus[4] and neoplatonic philosophy, and on Christian mysticism, but also wrote on general topics of life, and current politics.

He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature three times.[2]

Views[]

Inge was a strong proponent of the spiritual type of religion—"that autonomous faith which rests upon experience and individual inspiration"—as opposed to one of coercive authority. He was therefore outspoken in his criticisms of the Roman Catholic Church. His thought, on the whole, represents a blending of traditional Christian theology with elements of Platonic philosophy. He shares this in common with one of his favourite writers, Benjamin Whichcote, the first of the Cambridge Platonists.

He was nicknamed The Gloomy Dean because of his pessimistic views in his Romanes Lecture of 1920, "The Idea of Progress"[5] and in his Evening Standard articles. In his Romanes Lecture he said that although mankind's accumulated experience and wonderful discoveries had great value, they did not constitute real progress in human nature itself.

He disapproved of democracy, which he called "an absurdity" and compared it to "the famous occasion when the voice of the people cried, Crucify Him!"[6] He wrote "Human beings are born unequal, and the only persons who have a right to govern their neighbours are those who are competent to do so."[7] He advanced various arguments why women should have fewer voting rights than men, if any.[8]

He was also a eugenicist[4] and wrote considerably on the subject. In his book Outspoken Essays, he devotes an entire chapter to this subject. His views included that the state should decide which couples be allowed to have children.[4]

Inge opposed social welfare "on the grounds that it penalized the successful while subsidizing the weak and feckless".[4]

He was also known for his support for nudism.[9] He supported the publishing of 's[10] book, The New Gymnosophy: Nudity and the Modern Life,[11] and was critical of town councillors who were insisting that bathers wear full bathing costumes.[12]

He was a supporter of animal rights.[citation needed]

Recognition[]

He was made a Commander of the Victorian Order (CVO) in 1918 and promoted to Knight Commander (KCVO) in 1930.[3] He received Honorary Doctorates of Divinity from both Oxford and Aberdeen Universities, Honorary Doctorates of Literature from both Durham and Sheffield, and Honorary Doctorates of Laws from both Edinburgh and St. Andrews. He was also an honorary fellow of both King's and Jesus Colleges at Cambridge, and of Hertford College at Oxford. In 1921, he was elected as a Fellow of the British Academy.

Personal life[]

Inge's wife, Mary Catharine, was the daughter of priest Henry Maxwell Spooner.[13] They had three children. Their daughter, Paula, developed type 1 diabetes before insulin was widely available in the UK and died in 1923, aged 11. In 1941, their youngest son, Richard, also in the ministry, died during an RAF training flight.

Inge's wife died in 1949.[4]

Inge spent his later life in Brightwell, where he died on 26 February 1954, aged 93, five years after his wife.[4]

Publications[]

The following bibliography is a selection taken mainly from Adam Fox's biography Dean Inge and his biographical sketch in Crockford's Clerical Directory.

References[]

Footnotes[]

  1. ^ Inge - Definitions from Dictionary.com
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b "Nomination Database". nobelprize.org. Retrieved 19 April 2017.
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Inge, William Ralph (IN879WR)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Austen n.d.
  5. ^ Inge 1920.
  6. ^ "A Cause Lost—and Forgotten". University Bookman. March 2015. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
  7. ^ Inge 1932, p. 122.
  8. ^ Inge 1932, pp. 121-127.
  9. ^ Shaw 1937, p. 24.
  10. ^ Parmelee, Maurice (1927). The new gymnosophy: the philosophy of nudity as applied in modern life. F. H. Hitchcock.
  11. ^ Hirning 2013, p. 276.
  12. ^ "Dean Inge and The Nudists". Gloucestershire Echo. 17 November 1932. p. 1 col E. Retrieved 2 May 2016 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  13. ^ See Portraits of Mary Catharine Inge.

Sources[]

Further reading[]

External links[]

Church of England titles
Preceded by
Robert Gregory 		Dean of St Paul's
1911–1934 		Succeeded by
Walter Matthews
Academic offices
Preceded by
Alexander Kirkpatrick 		Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity
1907 – c. 1911 		Succeeded by
James Bethune-Baker
Non-profit organization positions
Preceded by
James Ward 		President of the Aristotelian Society
1920–1921 		Succeeded by
F. C. S. Schiller
Preceded by
Hastings Rashdall 		President of the Modern Churchmen's Union
1924–1934 		Succeeded by
Walter Matthews
Awards and achievements
Preceded by
Frederick H. Gillett 		Cover of Time magazine
24 November 1924 		Succeeded by
Chauncey Depew
Retrieved from ""