Zefta

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Zefta
Zifta
City
Zefta is located in Nile Delta
Zefta
Zefta
Location in Gharbia, Egypt
Coordinates: 30°42′51″N 31°14′39″E / 30.7142°N 31.24425°E / 30.7142; 31.24425Coordinates: 30°42′51″N 31°14′39″E / 30.7142°N 31.24425°E / 30.7142; 31.24425[1]
Country Egypt
GovernorateGharbia
Elevation
[1]
16 m (52 ft)
Population
[1]
 • Total92,667
Time zoneUTC+02:00 (EET)

Zefta (Arabic: زفتى‎  pronounced [ˈzeftæ], Coptic: ⲍⲉⲃⲉⲑⲉ Zevethe[2]) is an Egyptian town in the Nile delta, within the Gharbia governorate. It is across the Nile from Mit Ghamr city of Ad Daqahliyah governorate.

History[]

In the 12th century, Zefta was an important regional trading center, especially for textiles; silk, flax, indigo, sesame, and sugar were among the commodities bought and sold here. Some of these products were consumed locally, while others were sent to other towns, including Cairo.[3]

In the 1670s, , the Chief Eunuch of the Ottoman Empire, made a large waqf endowment consisting of diverse Egyptian properties. Zefta was home to the single largest number of properties he endowed, leading to describe it as his "pet charity".[3] Among Abbas Agha's endowments in Zefta was a large complex where coffee beans were pounded and roasted, along with an associated coffeehouse.[4][3] Hathaway hypothesizes that, given its earlier importance as a trade center, 17th-century Zefta remained an important entrepot where boats carrying coffee from Suez to Cairo would stop. From Zefta, the coffee would then have been taken into other towns for consumption.[3] Other properties Abbas Agha endowed in Zifta included a qaysariyya, caravanserai, fifteen shops and two workshops, and a school teaching the Qur'an - the only school included in the endowment. He also left four copper vessels to the physicians of Zefta, a rare exception to the rule that waqf endowments must consist of immovable property.[3]

The recorded Zifta as a city in its own district in Gharbia Governorate; at that time, the population of the city was 11,087 (5,571 men and 5,516 women).[5]

Zefta is well known in the modern Egyptian history during the 1919 uprising, also known as the Egyptian Revolution of 1919, when the British occupation expelled Saad Zaghloul Pasha out of Egypt along with other leaders of the Wafd Party and were exiled to Malta, the people of Zefta, led by , gathered and declared their independence from the crown and named it . The town of Zefta has also seen the birth of , who works in the field of aviation, , who works as an accountant and the engineer .[citation needed]

Zefta, is the location of one of Nile barrages built during 1881–1952 to control the Nile flow.

Notable figures born in or around Zefta include:
Kimon Evan Marengo, Mostafa Kamal Tolba , Mostafa El-Sayed, Mark Ibn Kunbar, and .

See also[]

References[]

  1. ^ Jump up to: a b c "Geonames.org. Zefta, Egypt". Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  2. ^ Emile Amélineau. La géographie de l’Egypte à l'époque copte. — Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 1893. — 690 p
  3. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e Hathaway, Jane (1994). "The Wealth and Influence of an Exiled Ottoman Eunuch in Egypt: The Waqf Inventory of ʿAbbās Agha". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 37 (4): 302–303, 307–308. doi:10.2307/3632654. JSTOR 3632654.
  4. ^ Hathaway, Jane (2014). The Arab Lands under Ottoman Rule: 1516-1800. Routledge. p. 177. ISBN 9781317875635. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
  5. ^ Egypt min. of finance, census dept (1885). Recensement général de l'Égypte. p. 320. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
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