1815 Bali earthquake
Local date | November 22, 1815 |
---|---|
Local time | 22:00-23:00 WITA |
Magnitude | Ms 7.0 Mw 7.0 [1] |
Epicenter | 8°00′S 115°00′E / 8.0°S 115.0°ECoordinates: 8°00′S 115°00′E / 8.0°S 115.0°E |
Fault | Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault |
Max. intensity | IX (Violent) [2] |
Tsunami | Yes [3] |
Casualties | 11,453 dead[4] |
The 1815 Bali earthquake occurred on November 22 between 22:00 and 23:00 local time (WITA), affecting the Bali Kingdom. The estimated surface wave magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck off the north coast of Bali at a shallow depth. It was assigned a maximum intensity of IX (Violent) on the Mercalli intensity scale, causing severe damage in Buleleng and Tabanan. Mountains at the coast experienced landslides and mudflows, killing 10,253.[2] A destructive tsunami washed onto the Balinese coast, killing another 1,200 people.[3][4]
The earthquake and tsunami is thought to be the result of a thrust fault rupture on the Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault.[5] The fault formed due to the convergence between the Sunda and Australian plates, accommodating compression. The two plates converge at a rate of 80 mm/yr, in which the Sunda megathrust takes 70 mm/yr of the movement. The remaining 10 mm/yr rate is accommodated by the Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault. It runs off the north coast of the Lesser Sunda Islands, in the Banda Sea.[6]
See also[]
References[]
- ^ "Katalog Gempabumi Signifikan dan Dirasakan". bmkg.go.id. Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysical Agency. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Significant Earthquake Information". ngdc.noaa.gov. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- ^ a b "Tsunami Event Information". ngdc.noaa.gov. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- ^ a b Pebriansyah Ariefana (1 June 2021). "Bali Tsunami dan Gempa Besar Tengah Malam November 1815, Hancurkan Kerajaan Buleleng" [Bali Tsunami and Great Earthquake Midnight November 1815, Destroyed the Buleleng Kingdom]. SuaraBali.id. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- ^ Atika Syah. "Brief History of Tsunami in Bali". factsofindonesia.com. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- ^ Achmad F. N. Sarjan; Zulfakriza Zulfakriza; Andri D. Nugraha; Shindy Rosalia; Shengji Wei; Sri Widiyantoro; Phil R. Cummins; Muzli Muzl; David P. Sahara; Nanang T. Puspito; Awali Priyono; Haunan Afif (22 April 2021). Basilios, Tsikouras (ed.). "Delineation of Upper Crustal Structure Beneath the Island of Lombok, Indonesia, Using Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography" (PDF). Frontiers in Earth Science. 9. doi:10.3389/feart.2021.560428. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- Earthquakes in Indonesia
- 1815 natural disasters
- 1815 in Indonesia
- History of Bali
- Tsunamis in Indonesia
- 1810s natural disasters