1894 Costa Rican general election

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1894 Costa Rican general election
Flag of Costa Rica (1848-1906).svg
← 1889 4, 5 and 6 February 1894[1]
1 April 1894[2]		 1897-1898 →
  Rafael Yglesias Castro.jpg No image.png
Nominee Rafael Yglesias Castro José Gregorio Trejos
Party Civil Catholic Union
Percentage 52% 33%
  No image.png Fadrique Gutierrez 1870.jpg
Nominee Félix Arcadio Montero Monge Fadrique Gutiérrez
Party Independent Democratic Party Agricultural Party
Percentage 10% 2%
President before election

José Joaquín Rodríguez
Constitutional

Elected President

Rafael Yglesias Castro
Civil

The 1894 Costa Rican general election was held between 4 and 6 of February (first degree) and 1 April of that year (second degree). The election was quite controversial due to the questionable practices from the government of José Joaquín Rodríguez Zeledón who supported his son-in-law Rafael Yglesias using all sorts of measures to assure his victory, going as far as to even arrest his main rival.[3]

In the previous election Rodríguez won thanks to the endorsement of the Catholic Church and the up to that point marginalized conservatives over liberal and freemason Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra.[4] However, the intent of the then liberal government of Bernardo Soto Alfaro of almost reject the results and appoint Esquivel anyway almost caused a Catholic uprising. Ironically, this date is commemorated in Costa Rica as "Democracy's Day".[5]

After the victory, Rodríguez' party, the Constitutional Party broke away forming two new parties; the ultra-Catholic, conservative and anti-Masonic Catholic Union led by Costa Rican bishop of German origin Bernard Thiel, and the loosely liberal Civil Party led by Rodriguez' son-in-law Yglesias.[3] Rodriguez used all sorts of pressures and trick against Trejos, pressuring the Electoral College (as at the time Costa Rican elections were indirect) and forcing the results in favor of his relative. Soon after Yglesia's victory the Constitution was amended forbidding the existence of religious-based parties, thus making Catholic Union illegal.[3]

Results[]

Second grade electors, original estimate

Original estimate by the "Prensa Libre"

  Trejos (47.96%)
  Yglesias (27.14%)
  Montero (12.06%)
  Gutiérrez (10.55%)
  Unbound (2.26%)
Candidate Party According to the "Prensa Libre" According to "El Heraldo"
José Gregorio Trejos Catholic Union 318 321
Rafael Yglesias Castro Civil 180 190
Manuel de Jesús Jiménez Party of the People 80 75
Félix A. Montero Monge Independent Democratic Party 70 70
- Unbound electors 15 7
Total 663 663
Source:[6]

Actual results

Province Yglesias Trejos Montero Gutiérrez
 San José Province 52 86 29 -
 Alajuela 117 5 9 -
 Cartago Province 11 54 14 -
 Heredia 45 18 6 -
 Guanacaste 57 9 - -
 Puntarenas 3 15 - 15
 Limón 13 1 4 -
Total 298 188 62 15
Source:[7]
Popular Vote
Yglesias
 
 52.93%
Trejos
 
 33.39%
Montero
 
 11.01%
Gutiérrez
 
 2.66%

References[]

  1. ^ Obregón, Clotilde (2000). El proceso electoral y el poder ejecutivo en Costa Rica: 1808-1998. TSE. ISBN 9789977676180. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  2. ^ Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica (2008). "Historia de las elecciones presidenciales 1824-2006" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2018-12-21. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ a b c Di Luca, Clara (1977). El Partido Unión Católica; primer partido ideológico de Costa Rica.
  4. ^ González, Daniel (2014). "Los partidos políticos en Costa Rica: un acercamiento histórico". Boletín de la Asociación Para el Fomento de los Estudios Históricos en Centroamérica. 60. Archived from the original on 2018-12-20. Retrieved 2018-12-21.
  5. ^ Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones. "Celebración del 7 de noviembre: Día de la Democracia Costarricense". Retrieved 20 December 2018.
  6. ^ Salazar, O. (2003) El apogeo de la República Liberal en Costa Rica, 1870-1914, p 186 ISBN 9977-67-131-1
  7. ^ Salazar, O. (2003) El apogeo de la República Liberal en Costa Rica, 1870-1914, p 188 ISBN 9977-67-131-1
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