1905–1906 Costa Rican general election

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1905–1906 Costa Rican general election
Flag of Costa Rica (1848-1906).svg
← 1901-1902 1 April 1906[1] 1909-1910 →
  Cleto González Víquez.jpg Máximo Fernández Alvarado.jpg
Nominee Cleto González Víquez Máximo Fernández Alvarado
Party National Republican
Percentage 87% 4%
President before election

Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra
PUN

Elected President

Cleto González Víquez
National

The 1906 Costa Rican general election was held during the presidency of Ascensión Esquivel Ibarra. Ibarra openly supported candidate Cleto González Víquez.[2] Other candidates were former president Bernardo Soto Alfaro, former State and Police Secretary Tobías Zúñiga Castro, the also former State Secretary (during Bernardo Soto's administration) Máximo Fernández Alvarado and former justice and Foreign Secretary Ezequiel Gutiérrez Iglesias.[2] Difference were more personal than ideological as all candidates except Gutiérrez were liberals, and the election had a strong "anti-cletista" component. This "anti-cletismo" was what united the opposition and talks about a common joint front occurred but it was not applied. Gutiérrez was candidate of the conservative "Democratic Union", the party that emerged from the now outlawed Catholic Union.[2]

Elections on this period were indirect.[3] The first round of voters were all male citizens who had an income "according to their social status" and knew how to read and write, which considering that Costa Rica had very high literacy standards for the time and the economic requirement was very ambiguous meant around 60% of the male population could vote.[3] These first level voters choose the Electors who normally had other requirements (particularly, owning properties or having college degrees which meant most of them were middle to high class) and the Electors elected the President, members of Congress and municipal authorities.[3]

Thus, after the first-level election Electors could be pressured into changing the candidate they were supposed to support. After the first round Fernández and Soto endorsed Zuñiga who seem to be the most likely option to defeat González, however, arguing "public order" reasons Ibarra essentially made a crack-down on the opposition declaring martial law and exiling Fernández, Soto and Zuñiga who ended up in New York.[2] After González was proclaimed president they were allowed to come back although Zuñiga retired from politics.[2]

Results[]

Second grade electors, first round

Candidate Party Votes %
Cleto González Víquez National Party 351 42
Máximo Fernández Alvarado Republican Party 273 32
Tobías Zúñiga Castro Party of the People 130 15
Bernardo Soto Alfaro Republican Union 82 9.5
Ezequiel Gutiérrez Iglesias Democratic Union Party 19 2.5
Total 855 100
Source:[4]
Popular Vote
González
 
 42%
Fernández
 
 32%
Zuñiga
 
 15%
Soto
 
 9.5%
Guitérrez
 
 2.5%

Second grade electors, second round

Second round results

  González (92.22%)
  Fernández (5.18%)
  Soto (1.94%)
  Zúñiga (0.64%)
Province González Fernández Zúñiga Soto
 San José Province 30 12 2 5
 Alajuela 96 3 1 4
 Cartago Province 101 - - -
 Heredia 63 9 - -
 Guanacaste 78 - - -
 Puntarenas 26 - - -
 Limón 33 - - -
Total 427 24 3 9
Source:[5]

References[]

  1. ^ Tribunal Supremo de Elecciones de Costa Rica (2008). "Historia de las elecciones presidenciales 1824-2006" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2018-12-21. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e Oconitrillo, Eduardo. La política electoral. Costa Rica en el siglo XX. EUNED.
  3. ^ a b c Molina, Iván (2001). "Elecciones y democracia en Costa Rica, 1885-1913" (PDF). European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. 70: 41–57. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-02. Retrieved 2018-12-21.
  4. ^ Salazar, O. (2003) El apogeo de la República Liberal en Costa Rica, 1870-1914, p 214 ISBN 9977-67-131-1
  5. ^ Salazar, O. (2003) El apogeo de la República Liberal en Costa Rica, 1870-1914, p 220 ISBN 9977-67-131-1
Retrieved from ""