1990 Commonwealth Games

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XIV Commonwealth Games
Auckland 1990 Logo.png
Host cityAuckland, New Zealand
MottoThis is the Moment
Nations participating55
Athletes participating2,074
Events213 events in 10 sports
Opening ceremony24 January
Closing ceremony3 February
Officially opened byPrince Edward
Officially closed byElizabeth II
Queen's Baton Final RunnerMark Todd and Peter Snell
Main venueMount Smart Stadium
← XIII
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The 1990 Commonwealth Games were held in Auckland, New Zealand from 24 January – 3 February 1990. It was the 14th Commonwealth Games, and part of New Zealand's 1990 sesquicentennial celebrations. Participants competed in ten sports: athletics, aquatics, badminton, boxing, cycling, gymnastics, judo, lawn bowls, shooting and weightlifting. The Triathlon was a demonstration event.

The main venue was the Mount Smart Stadium.

Host selection[]

The Games were awarded to Auckland on 27 July 1984 at the Los Angeles Summer Olympics. Perth, Australia, had withdrawn from the bid contest leaving New Delhi, India, as the sole opponent to Auckland's bid. New Delhi lost the hosting rights to Auckland by a margin of 1 vote, which made it the most closest host selection vote in the history of Commonwealth Games

1990 Commonwealth Games bidding results
City Round 1
New Zealand Auckland 20
India New Delhi 19

Opening ceremony[]

The opening of the games comprised a variety of events, including the arrival of The Queen's representative The Prince Edward (her youngest son), the arrival of the Queen's Baton and many Māori ceremonial stories.

Queen's Baton's from the 1990 Commonwealth Games.

The opening ceremony itself started off with the Auckland Commonwealth Games Choir singing the Song of Welcome. Upon the arrival of The Prince Edward, the Māori in attendance, gave him a Challenge of a welcome. This is conducted by a Māori placing a wooden batton on the ground. To see if the visitor comes in peace or not, the visitor must pick it up.

The New Zealand national anthem "God Defend New Zealand" was sung during a ceremonial fourteen gun salute from nearby One Tree Hill. This was followed by the New Zealand Army Guard Commander allowing The Prince Edward to inspect the guard of honour. After which was the introduction of the participating countries of the Commonwealth, Scotland entering first as the hosts of the previous games, and New Zealand entering last as hosts. During the introduction of the countries, the choir at attendance would display the flag of the announced country with boards.

When all the athletes finally sat down, the main Māori ceremonies began. First of the Māori ceremonies was all the Māori women performing a "Song of Welcome" for the athletes with the use of Poi. The Māori women then gave some of the athletes a Hongi. Next was the Māori story of how New Zealand was formed, performed by many New Zealanders and organised by Logan Brewer. It involved a narration of how the Polynesians found their way to what was to become New Zealand. In the middle of the performance, a re-enactment was performed of how New Zealand was formed between Rangi and Papa (the sky father and earth mother). The story then moved on to the coming of religion and European migration. This was demonstrated with a formation of the Union Jack, to show the colonisation by the British. Dame Whina Cooper then made a speech about the Treaty of Waitangi signed in 1840 that brought about peace and stability of modern New Zealand.

Introduction of the European communities was next with music and native dancing from European countries such as Italy, Poland, Greece, Netherlands, Scotland, Ireland, Austria, Wales and England, and music and native dancing also from Asian countries such as China, Sri Lanka and India. From here, many of the neighbouring Pacific Islanders made their entrance with the rhythmic tempo of the Pacific Island drum beat. This was to show the then complete migration of people to New Zealand.

New Zealand performer Howard Morrison then lead New Zealand in singing the folk song Tukua-a-hau. After Howard Morrison, the Queen's Baton arrived at the stadium where The Prince Edward announced the opening of the games which was followed by the .

Fireworks followed and was capped off with a night time flyover by nine A-4 Skyhawk jets of the Royal New Zealand Air Forces 75 Squadron. The ceremony was concluded by the singing of the game's motto "This is the moment" as performers and athletes exited the stadium.

Closing ceremony[]

A more relaxed affair was held for the 14th Commonwealth Games closing ceremony, reflecting that of Christchurch in 1974. Attended by HM The Queen of New Zealand, formality and respect played their due part in the beginning with formal salute and the acceptance of the Commonwealth Games flag to the next host city, Victoria, Canada. This was followed by a First Nations and modern Canadian dancing display.

Then the fun began with thousands of children entering the stadium with a mass jumprope demonstration, followed by the athletes themselves. The Queen then made the traditional closing speech and called for all the Commonwealth's athletes to assemble in four years time in Victoria. As the evening wore on, opera singer Dame Kiri Te Kanawa sang "Now is the Hour", a favorite New Zealand hymn, as the Royal New Zealand Air Force's A4 Skyhawks made one final swooping flyover of Mount Smart Stadium followed by fireworks. The Queen, Duke of Edinburgh, and Prince Edward then exited the stadium standing in open top vehicles.

Mascot[]

Goldie the Kiwi bird – the Games' mascot

The mascot of the games was Goldie, representing New Zealand's national symbol the kiwi bird.

Participating teams[]

Participating countries

55 teams were represented at the 1990 Games.
(Teams competing for the first time are shown in bold).

hideParticipating Commonwealth countries and territories
  •  Australia
  •  Bahamas
  •  Bangladesh
  •  Barbados
  •  Bermuda
  •  Botswana
  •  British Virgin Islands
  •  Brunei
  •  Canada
  •  Cayman Islands
  •  Cook Islands
  •  Cyprus
  •  England
  •  Falkland Islands
  •  Ghana
  •  Gibraltar
  •  Guernsey
  •  Guyana
  •  Hong Kong
  •  India
  •  Isle of Man
  •  Jamaica
  •  Jersey
  •  Kenya
  •  Lesotho
  •  Malawi
  •  Malaysia
  •  Maldives
  •  Malta
  •  Mauritius
  •  Nauru
  •  New Zealand
  •  Nigeria
  •  Norfolk Island
  •  Northern Ireland
  •  Pakistan
  •  Papua New Guinea
  •  Saint Kitts and Nevis
  •  Scotland
  •  Seychelles
  •  Sierra Leone
  •  Singapore
  •  Solomon Islands
  •  Sri Lanka
  •  Swaziland
  •  Tanzania
  •  The Gambia
  •  Tonga
  •  Trinidad and Tobago
  •  Uganda
  •  Vanuatu
  •  Wales
  •  Western Samoa
  •  Zambia
  •  Zimbabwe
Debuting Commonwealth countries and territories
  •  British Virgin Islands
  •  Brunei
  •  Nauru
  •  Seychelles

Medals by country[]

This is the full table of the medal count of the 1990 Commonwealth Games. These rankings sort by the number of gold medals earned by a country. The number of silvers is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze. If, after the above, countries are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. This follows the system used by the IOC, IAAF and BBC.

Figures from Commonwealth Games Foundation website.[1]

  *   Host nation (New Zealand)

RankNationGoldSilverBronzeTotal
1 Australia (AUS)525458164
2 England (ENG)464042128
3 Canada (CAN)364238116
4 New Zealand (NZL)*17142758
5 India (IND)1381132
6 Wales (WAL)1031225
7 Kenya (KEN)69318
8 Nigeria (NGR)513725
9 Scotland (SCO)571022
10 Malaysia (MAS)2204
11 Jamaica (JAM)2024
 Uganda (UGA)2024
13 Northern Ireland (NIR)1359
14 Nauru (NRU)1203
15 Hong Kong (HKG)1135
16 Cyprus (CYP)1102
17 Bangladesh (BAN)1012
 Jersey (JEY)1012
19 Bermuda (BER)1001
 Guernsey (GUE)1001
 Papua New Guinea (PNG)1001
22 Zimbabwe (ZIM)0213
23 Ghana (GHA)0202
24 Tanzania (TAN)0123
25 Zambia (ZAM)0033
26 Bahamas (BAH)0022
 Western Samoa (WSM)0022
28 Guyana (GUY)0011
 Malta (MLT)0011
Totals (29 nations)205204234643

Medals by event[]

  • At these games, the Triathlon was a demonstration event; won by Erin Baker (women) and (men), both from New Zealand.

Aquatics[]

Main article: Aquatics at the 1990 Commonwealth Games

Athletics[]

Main article: Athletics at the 1990 Commonwealth Games

Badminton[]

Main article: Badminton at the 1990 Commonwealth Games

Bowls[]

Main article: Bowls at the 1990 Commonwealth Games

Boxing[]

Main article: Boxing at the 1990 Commonwealth Games
Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men
Light Flyweight  Justin Juuko (UGA)   (KEN)  Domenic Figliomeni (CAN)
 Dharmendar Yadav (IND)
Flyweight  Wayne McCullough (NIR)  Nokuthula Tshabangu (ZIM)   (ZAM)
 Maurice Maina (KEN)
Bantamweight  Mohammed Sabo (NGR)   (CAN)  Justin Chikwanda (ZAM)
  (GUY)
Featherweight  John Irwin (ENG)  Haji Ally (TAN)   (KEN)
 James Nicolson (AUS)
Lightweight   (UGA)  Justin Rowsell (AUS)   (TAN)
 David Anderson (SCO)
Light Welterweight  Charlie Kane (SCO)  Nicodemus Odore (KEN)  Stefan Scriggins (AUS)
 Duke Chinyadza (ZIM)
Welterweight  David Defiagbon (NGR)   (CAN)  Anthony Mwamba (ZAM)
 Grahame Cheney (AUS)
Light Middleweight  Richie Woodhall (ENG)  Ray Downey (CAN)  Sililo Figota (SAM)
  (NZL)
Middleweight  Chris Johnson (CAN)  Joseph Laryea (GHA)   (UGA)
 Mark Edwards (ENG)
Light Heavyweight  Joseph Akhasamba (KEN)  Dale Brown (CAN)   (NZL)
  (UGA)
Heavyweight   (KEN)   (CAN)   (NGR)
 Emerio Fainuulua (SAM)
Super Heavyweight  Michael Kenny (NZL)   (GHA)   (CAN)
 Paul Douglas (NIR)

Cycling[]

Track[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men
Time Trial  Martin Vinnicombe (AUS) 00:01:06  Gary Anderson (NZL) 00:01:07  Jon Andrews (NZL) 00:01:07
Sprint  Gary Neiwand (AUS)  Curt Harnett (CAN)  Jon Andrews (NZL)
Individual Pursuit  Gary Anderson (NZL) 00:04:45  Mark Kingsland (AUS) 00:04:53   (AUS) 00:04:52
Team Pursuit  New Zealand
Gary Anderson
Nigel Donnelly
Glenn McLeay
Stuart Williams		 00:04:23  Australia
Brett Aitken
Steve McGlede
Shaun O'Brien
 00:04:26  England
Chris Boardman
Simon Lillistone
Bryan Steel
Glen Sword		 00:04:27
10 Miles Scratch  Gary Anderson (NZL) 00:19:44  Shaun O'Brien (AUS) 00:19:44  Steve McGlede (AUS) 00:19:44
Points Race  Robert Burns (AUS) 81  Craig Connell (NZL) 72   (NIR) 39
Women
Sprint  Louise Jones (WAL)  Julie Speight (AUS)  Sue Golder (NZL)
Individual Pursuit  Madonna Harris (NZL) 00:03:55  Kathy Watt (AUS) 00:03:55  Kelly-Ann Way (CAN) 00:04:00

Road[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men
Road Race  Graeme Miller (NZL) 04:34:00  Brian Fowler (NZL) 04:34:00   (CAN) 04:34:05
Team Time Trial  New Zealand
Brian Fowler
Gavin Stevens
Graeme Miller
 02:06:47  Canada
Christopher Koberstein
David Spears

 02:09:20  England
Chris Boardman
Peter Longbottom
Ben Luckwell
Wayne Randle		 02:09:33
Women
Road Race  Kathryn Watt (AUS) 01:55:11.60  Lisa Brambani (ENG) 1:55:11.88  Kathleen Shannon (AUS) 1:55:12.06

Gymnastics[]

Artistic[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men
All-Around  Curtis Hibbert (CAN) 57.95  Alan Nolet (CAN) 57.8  James May (ENG) 57.4
Team  Canada
Alan Nolet

Curtis Hibbert
Lorne Bobkin		 171.8  England
David Cox
James May
Neil Thomas
Terence Bartlett		 170.45  Australia
Brennon Dowrick
Kenneth Meredith

 169.5
Horizontal Bar  Curtis Hibbert (CAN)
 Alan Nolet (CAN)		 9.85  Brennon Dowrick (AUS) 9.8
Parallel Bars  Curtis Hibbert (CAN) 9.8  Ken Meredith (AUS) 9.675   (AUS) 9.6
Vault  James May (ENG) 9.625  Curtis Hibbert (CAN) 9.575   (AUS) 9.25
Pommel Horse  Brennon Dowrick (AUS) 9.825   (AUS) 9.725  James May (ENG) 9.7
Rings  Curtis Hibbert (CAN) 9.775  James May (ENG) 9.75  Ken Meredith (AUS) 9.725
Floor  Neil Thomas (ENG) 9.75  Alan Nolet (CAN) 9.675  Curtis Hibbert (CAN) 9.6
Women
All-Around  Lori Strong (CAN) 38.912  Monique Allen (AUS) 38.687  Kylie Shadbolt (AUS) 38.499
Team  Canada
Janet Morin
Larissa Lowing
Lori Strong
Stella Umeh		 116.784  Australia
Kylie Shadbolt
Lisa Read
Michelle Telfer
Monique Allen		 115.272  England
Lisa Elliott
Lisa Grayson
Lorna Mainwaring
Louise Redding		 114.046
Asymmetric Bars  Monique Allen (AUS) 9.875  Lori Strong (CAN) 9.85  Michelle Telfer (AUS) 9.737
Beam  Lori Strong (CAN) 9.85  Larissa Lowing (CAN) 9.762  Kylie Shadbolt (AUS) 9.7
Vault  Nikki Jenkins (NZL) 9.712  Lori Strong (CAN) 9.643  Monique Allen (AUS) 9.506
Floor  Lori Strong (CAN) 9.887  Larissa Lowing (CAN) 9.762  Kylie Shadbolt (AUS) 9.675

Rhythmic[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Women
All-Around  Mary Fuzesi (CAN) 37.65  Madonna Gimotea (CAN) 37.25  Angela Walker (NZL) 36.9
Ball  Madonna Gimotea (CAN) 9.45  Mary Fuzesi (CAN) 9.4  Angela Walker (NZL) 9.25
Hoop  Mary Fuzesi (CAN) 9.4  Madonna Gimotea (CAN) 9.2   (NZL)
  (ENG)
 Viva Seifert (ENG)		 9.1
Ribbon  Mary Fuzesi (CAN) 9.4  Madonna Gimotea (CAN) 9.3   (NZL)
 Viva Seifert (ENG)
 Angela Walker (NZL)		 9.2
Rope  Angela Walker (NZL) 9.3  Madonna Gimotea (CAN) 9.275  Mary Fuzesi (CAN) 9.25

Judo[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men
Extra Lightweight  Carl Finney (ENG)   (CAN)   (WAL)
 Narender Singh (IND)
Half Lightweight  Brent Cooper (NZL)   (SCO)  Mark Adshead (ENG)
 Jean-Pierre Cantin (CAN)
Lightweight  Roy Stone (ENG)  Majemite Omagbaluwaje (NGR)  William Cusack (SCO)
  (NIR)
Half Middleweight  David Southby (ENG)  Graeme Spinks (NZL)   (AUS)
Middleweight  Densign White (ENG)   (SCO)  Chris Bacon (AUS)
 Rajinder Dhanger (IND)
Half Heavyweight  Ray Stevens (ENG)   (AUS)   (SCO)
  (CAN)
Heavyweight  Elvis Gordon (ENG)  Tom Greenway (CAN)   (NZL)
Open  Elvis Gordon (ENG)   (CAN)   (SCO)
 Majemite Omagbaluwaje (NGR)
Women
Extra Lightweight  Karen Briggs (ENG)   (WAL)  Julie Reardon (AUS)
  (SCO)
Half Lightweight  Sharon Rendle (ENG)   (SCO)  Catherine Grainger (AUS)
  (WAL)
Lightweight  Loretta Cusack (SCO)  Suzanne Williams (AUS)  Ann Hughes (ENG)
  (WAL)
Half Middleweight  Diane Bell (ENG)  Donna Guy-Halkyard (NZL)   (CAN)
 Laurie Pace (MLT)
Middleweight  Sharon Mills (ENG)   (CAN)  Narelle Hill (AUS)
  (NIR)
Half Heavyweight  Jane Morris (ENG)  Alison Webb (CAN)   (WAL)
 Christy Obekpa (NGR)
Heavyweight  Sharon Lee (ENG)   (AUS)   (IOM)
  (CAN)
Open  Sharon Lee (ENG)  Jane Patterson (CAN)   (AUS)
 Nicola Morris (NZL)

Shooting[]

Pistol[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men/Open
Free Pistol  Phil Adams (AUS) 554  Bengt Sandstrom (AUS) 549  Gilbert U (HKG) 549
Free Pistol - Pairs  Australia
Phil Adams
Bengt Sandström		 1106  New Zealand

Greg Yelavich		 1084  Bangladesh
Ateequr Rahman
 1078
Centre-Fire Pistol  Ashok Pandit (IND) 583   (IND) 577  Bruce Quick (AUS) 576
Centre-Fire Pistol - Pairs  Australia
Phil Adams
Bruce Quick		 1155  New Zealand

Greg Yelavich		 1144  India
Ashok Pandit
 1142
Rapid-Fire Pistol  Adrian Breton (GGY) 583  Pat Murray (AUS) 582   (WAL) 579
Rapid-Fire Pistol - Pairs  Australia

Pat Murray		 1153  Canada

Mark Howkins		 1138  England
Brian Girling
John Rolfe		 1133
Air Pistol  Bengt Sandström (AUS) 580  Phil Adams (AUS) 574  David Lowe (ENG) 574
Air Pistol - Pairs  Bangladesh
Ateequr Rahman
 1138  Australia
Phil Adams
Bengt Sandström		 1138  New Zealand
Julian Lawton
Greg Yelavich		 1137

Rifle[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men/Open
Small Bore Rifle, Prone   (NZL) 591  Stephen Petterson (NZL) 590  Philip Scanlan (ENG) 590
Small Bore Rifle, Prone - Pairs  New Zealand
Stephen Petterson
 1185  Canada

Michael Ashcroft		 1184  England
Bob Jarvis
Philip Scanlan		 1180
Small Bore Rifle, Three Positions  Mart Klepp (CAN) 1157  Malcolm Cooper (ENG) 1154  Soma Dutta (IND) 1143
Small Bore Rifle, Three Positions - Pairs  Canada
Jean-François Sénécal
Mart Klepp		 2272  England
Malcolm Cooper
Robert Smith		 2268  Scotland

 2258
Full Bore Rifle   (JER) 394  Andrew Tucker (ENG) 390   (AUS) 390
Full Bore Rifle - Pairs  England
Simon Belither
Andrew Tucker		 580  Australia

 565  Jersey

 564
Air Rifle  Guy Lorion (CAN) 583  Chris Hector (ENG) 578  Mart Klepp (CAN) 577
Air Rifle - Pairs  Canada
Guy Lorion
Mart Klepp		 1163  England
Chris Hector
Robert Smith		 1155  India
Soma Dutta
Bhagirath Samai		 1148
Running Target   (AUS) 539  John Maddison (ENG) 539  Tony Clarke (NZL) 535
Running Target - Pairs  New Zealand

Tony Clarke		 1091  Canada
David Lee
Mark Bedlington		 1070  England

John Maddison[2]		 1064

Shotgun[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men/Open
Trap  John Maxwell (AUS) 184  Kevin Gill (ENG) 183  Ian Peel (ENG) 179
Trap - Pairs  England
Kevin Gill
Ian Peel		 181  Wales

 178  Australia
Russell Mark
John Maxwell		 178
Skeet  Ken Harman (ENG) 187   (CYP) 187  Andy Austin (ENG) 184
Skeet - Pairs  Scotland

 189  England
Andy Austin
Ken Harman		 185  New Zealand
Tim Dodds
John Woolley		 183

Weightlifting[]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
Men
Flyweight - Snatch  Chandersekaran Raghavan (IND) 105   (IND) 95   (AUS) 90
Flyweight - Clean and Jerk  Chandersekaran Raghavan (IND) 127.5   (AUS) 117.5   (IND) 117.5
Flyweight - Overall  Chandersekaran Raghavan (IND) 232.5   (IND) 212.5   (AUS) 207.5
Bantamweight - Snatch  Rangaswamy Punnuswamy (IND) 110   (SCO) 107.5   (CAN) 102.5
Bantamweight - Clean and Jerk  Rangaswamy Punnuswamy (IND) 137.5   (IND) 125   (SCO) 122.5
Bantamweight - Overall  Rangaswamy Punnuswamy (IND) 247.5   (SCO) 230   (IND) 227.5
Featherweight - Snatch  Marcus Stephen (NRU) 112.5  Parvesh Chander Sharma (IND) 112.5   (IND) 110
Featherweight - Clean and Jerk  Parvesh Chander Sharma (IND) 145  Marcus Stephen (NRU) 142.5   (IND) 142.5
Featherweight - Overall  Parvesh Chander Sharma (IND) 257.5  Marcus Stephen (NRU) 255   (IND) 252.5
Lightweight - Snatch   (IND) 130  Lawrence Iquaibom (NGR) 130   (AUS) 127.5
Lightweight - Clean and Jerk   (IND) 165  Lawrence Iquaibom (NGR) 160   (WAL) 155
Lightweight - Overall   (IND) 295  Lawrence Iquaibom (NGR) 290   (WAL) 280
Middleweight - Snatch   (IND) 135   (WAL) 135  Ron Laycock (AUS) 132.5
Middleweight - Clean and Jerk  Ron Laycock (AUS) 177.5   (IND) 170  Damian Brown (AUS) 167.5
Middleweight - Overall  Ron Laycock (AUS) 310   (IND) 305   (CAN) 292.5
Light Heavyweight - Snatch  David Morgan (WAL) 155  Muyiwa Odusanya (NGR) 152.5   (CAN) 145
Light Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk  David Morgan (WAL) 192.5   (IND) 182.5  Muyiwa Odusanya (NGR) 180
Light Heavyweight - Overall  David Morgan (WAL) 347.5  Muyiwa Odusanya (NGR) 332.5  Andy Callard (ENG) 317.5
Middle Heavyweight - Snatch  Duncan Dawkins (ENG) 162.5  Keith Boxell (ENG) 152.5  Harvey Goodman (AUS) 150
Middle Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk  Duncan Dawkins (ENG) 195  Keith Boxell (ENG) 192.5  Harvey Goodman (AUS) 190
Middle Heavyweight - Overall  Duncan Dawkins (ENG) 357.5  Keith Boxell (ENG) 345  Harvey Goodman (AUS) 340
Sub Heavyweight - Snatch  Andrew Saxton (ENG) 165  Peter May (ENG) 145  Guy Greavette (CAN) 140
Sub Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk  Andrew Saxton (ENG) 197.5  Peter May (ENG) 175  Guy Greavette (CAN) 175
Sub Heavyweight - Overall  Andrew Saxton (ENG) 362.5  Peter May (ENG) 320  Guy Greavette (CAN) 315
Heavyweight - Snatch  Mark Thomas (ENG) 160  Jason Roberts (AUS) 152.5   (WAL) 152.5
Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk  Mark Thomas (ENG) 197.5  Jason Roberts (AUS) 192.5   (WAL) 187.5
Heavyweight - Overall  Mark Thomas (ENG) 357.5  Jason Roberts (AUS) 345   (WAL) 335
Super Heavyweight - Snatch  Andrew Davies (WAL) 180   (NGR) 177.5  Steven Kettner (AUS) 172.5
Super Heavyweight - Clean and Jerk  Andrew Davies (WAL) 222.5   (NGR) 222.5  Steven Kettner (AUS) 205
Super Heavyweight - Overall  Andrew Davies (WAL) 402.5   (NGR) 400  Steven Kettner (AUS) 377.5

References[]

The Bateman New Zealand Encyclopedia

  1. ^ Past Commonwealth Games Archived 15 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine Commonwealth Games Federation
  2. ^ No bronze medal awarded as not enough pairs took part - The Complete Book of the Commonwealth Games (Graham Groom -2017)

External links[]

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Edinburgh 		Commonwealth Games
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XIV Commonwealth Games 		Succeeded by
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