220s

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Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
  • 220
  • 221
  • 222
  • 223
  • 224
  • 225
  • 226
  • 227
  • 228
  • 229
Categories:
  • Births
  • Deaths
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments

The 220s decade ran from January 1, 220, to December 31, 229.

Events

220

This section is transcluded from AD 220. ( | )


By place[]

Roman Empire[]
Parthian Empire[]
  • King Ardashir I, founder of the Sassanid dynasty, gains support from some Parthian sub-kings and revolts against the rule of Vologases VI. Ardashir, a grandson of Sasan, had ruled Persis since 208 and six years earlier gained control of the region surrounding Persepolis.
China[]

By topic[]

Religion[]
  • The Wei dynasty gave official recognition to Taoism as its religious sect, and the sect’s celestial masters reciprocated by giving spiritual approbation to the Wei as successors to the Han. By the end of the century, most powerful families in northern China had subscribed to Daoist principles.

221

This section is transcluded from AD 221. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • June 26 – Emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir, and receives the title of Caesar.
  • July – Elagabalus is forced to divorce Aquilia Severa, and marries his third wife Annia Faustina. After five months he returns to Severa, and claims that the original divorce is invalid. The marriage is symbolic, because Elagabalus appears to be homosexual or bisexual. According to the historian Cassius Dio, he has a stable relationship with his chariot driver, the slave Hierocles.
Asia[]
  • May 15 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord and descendant of the imperial clan of the Han Dynasty, proclaims himself emperor in Chengdu, Sichuan, and establishes the state of Shu Han.

222

This section is transcluded from AD 222. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • March 11 – Emperor Elagabalus is assassinated, along with his mother, Julia Soaemias, by the Praetorian Guard during a revolt. Their mutilated bodies are dragged through the streets of Rome before being thrown into the Tiber.
  • Alexander Severus succeeds Elagabalus. He is only 13 years old; his mother, Julia Avita Mamaea, governs the Roman Empire with the help of Domitius Ulpianus and a council composed of 16 senators.
China[]

By topic[]

Commerce[]
  • The silver content of the Roman denarius falls to 35 percent under emperor Alexander Severus, down from 43 percent under Elagabalus.[2]
Religion[]
  • October 14 – Pope Callixtus I is killed by a mob in Rome's Trastevere after a 5-year reign in which he has stabilized the Saturday fast three times per year, with no food, oil, or wine to be consumed on those days. Callixtus is succeeded by Cardinal Urban I.

223

This section is transcluded from AD 223. ( | )

By place[]

Asia[]

224

This section is transcluded from AD 224. ( | )

By place[]

Parthia[]
  • April 28 – Battle of Hormozdgan: King Ardashir I defeats Artabanus V, destroying the Parthian Empire, and establishing the Sassanid Dynasty. Artabanus V's brother Vologases VI will continue to rule, with Armenian and Kushan support, over outlying parts of Parthia.

225

This section is transcluded from AD 225. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]

By topic[]

Art and Science[]
  • The first Christian paintings appear in Rome, decorating the Catacombs.

226

This section is transcluded from AD 226. ( | )

By place[]

China[]
  • A merchant from the Roman Empire, called "Qin Lun" by the Chinese, arrives in Jiaozhi (modern Hanoi), and is taken to see King Sun Quan of Eastern Wu, who requests him to make a report on his native country and people. He is given an escort for the return trip, including a present of ten male and ten female "blackish-colored dwarfs." However, the officer in charge of the Chinese escort dies, and Qin Lun has to continue his journey home alone.[3]
Persian Empire[]
  • Ctesiphon, until now capital of the Parthian Empire, falls into the hands of the Sasanian Empire, who also make it their capital, after putting an end to the Parthian Dynasty in Iran.

227

This section is transcluded from AD 227. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
Ireland[]
Persian Empire[]
  • King Ardashir I annexes his new empire from the east to the northwest. He conquers, with his army, the provinces of Chorasmia, Sistan and the island Bahrain in the Persian Gulf. The kings of the Kushan Empire and Turan recognize Ardashir as their overlord.
Asia[]

228

This section is transcluded from AD 228. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • Domitius Ulpianus, a Roman jurist and prefect, is assassinated by the Praetorian Guard, in the presence of Emperor Severus Alexander. His curtailment of the privileges of the palace guard becomes Ulpianus' downfall, who in the course of a riot at Rome is murdered, between the soldiers and the mob.[5]
Persian Empire[]
  • King Ardashir I, four years after establishing the Sassanid Persian Empire, completes his conquest of Parthia.
China[]

229

This section is transcluded from AD 229. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • Emperor Alexander Severus and Dio Cassius are joint Consuls.
China[]
  • February–May – Battle of Jianwei: The state of Shu Han is victorious over the state of Cao Wei.
  • June 23 – Chinese warlord Sun Quan formally declares himself emperor of the Eastern Wu state. The city of Jianye (modern Nanjing) is founded as the capital of Eastern Wu. The independent kingdoms in Cambodia and Laos become Eastern Wu vassals.
  • Eastern Wu merchants reach Vietnam; ocean transport is improved to such an extent, that sea journeys are made to Manchuria and the island of Taiwan.

By topic[]

Art and Science[]

Significant people[]

Births[]

Transcluding articles: 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, and 229

220

  • Wei Guan, Chinese official of the Cao Wei state and the Western Jin dynasty (d. 291)

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228


Deaths[]

Transcluding articles: 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, and 229

220

  • March 15 – Cao Cao, Chinese warlord of the Eastern Han dynasty (b. 155)
  • June 13 – Xiahou Dun, Chinese general serving under the Eastern Han dynasty warlord Cao Cao
  • December – Cheng Yu, Chinese official serving under the Eastern Han dynasty warlord Cao Cao (b. 141)
  • Fa Zheng, Chinese official serving under the Eastern Han dynasty warlord Liu Bei (b. 176)[6]
  • Guan Yu, Chinese general serving under the Eastern Han dynasty warlord Liu Bei
  • Huang Zhong, Chinese general serving under the Eastern Han dynasty warlord Liu Bei
  • Lü Meng, Chinese general serving under the Eastern Han dynasty warlord Sun Quan (b. 178)
  • Bassilla, Roman actress, dancer and singer (approximate year)

221

  • August 4 – Lady Zhen, Chinese noblewoman (b. 183)
  • Dong He (or Youzai), Chinese official and politician
  • Mi Zhu, Chinese general and politician (b. 165)
  • Yu Jin, Chinese general serving under Cao Cao
  • Zhang Fei, Chinese general and politician

222

  • March 11
  • Annia Faustina, Roman noblewoman and empress
  • Bardaisan, Syriac scholar and philosopher (b. 154)
  • Callixtus I, pope of the Catholic Church
  • Cheng Ji (or Jiran), Chinese general
  • Feng Xi (or Xiuyuan), Chinese general
  • Hierocles, favourite and lover of Elagabalus
  • Liu Ba (or Zichu), Chinese official and politician
  • Ma Chao, Chinese general and warlord (b. 176)
  • Ma Liang, Chinese diplomat and politician (b. 187)
  • Xu Jing (or Wenxiu), Chinese official and politician
  • Zhang Liao (or Wenyuan), Chinese general (b. 169)

223

  • May 6 – Cao Ren (or Zixiao), Chinese general (b. 168)
  • June 10 – Liu Bei, Chinese warlord and emperor (b. 161)
  • August 1 – Cao Zhang, Chinese prince and warlord
  • August 11 – Jia Xu, Chinese official and politician (b. 147)
  • Xing Yong (or Zi'ang), Chinese official and politician
  • Zhang Ji (or Derong), Chinese official and politician

224

225

226

227

228

229

  • Cao Li, Chinese prince of the Cao Wei state (b. 208)
  • Cao Yong, Chinese prince of the Cao Wei state
  • Zhao Yun, Chinese general of the Shu Han state

References[]

  1. ^ Stratton, J.M. (1969). Agricultural Records. John Baker. ISBN 0-212-97022-4.
  2. ^ Hopkins, T. C. F. (July 8, 2008). Empires, Wars, and Battles: The Middle East from Antiquity to the Rise of the New World. Tom Doherty Associates. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-4668-4171-0.
  3. ^ "An annotated translation of the Weilue". Archived from the original on March 15, 2005. Retrieved January 30, 2005.
  4. ^ "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  5. ^ Chisholm, Hugh ed. (1911). "Ulpian". Encyclopæia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 567.
  6. ^ Lühmann, Werner (2003). Konfuzius: aufgeklärter Philosoph oder reaktionärer Moralapostel? : der Bruch in der Konfuzius-Rezeption der deutschen Philosophie des ausgehenden 18. und beginnenden 19. Jahrhunderts. Harrassowitz. p. 68. ISBN 978-3-447-04753-1.
  7. ^ Crespigny, Rafe de (2010). Imperial Warlord: A Biography of Cao Cao 155-220 AD. BRILL. p. 459. ISBN 9789004188303.
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