240s

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Millennium: 1st millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
  • 240
  • 241
  • 242
  • 243
  • 244
  • 245
  • 246
  • 247
  • 248
  • 249
Categories:
  • Births
  • Deaths
  • Establishments
  • Disestablishments

The 240s decade ran from January 1, 240, to December 31, 249.

Events

240

This section is transcluded from AD 240. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • The Roman Empire is threatened on several fronts at the same time. Africa revolts and tribes in northwest Germania, under the name of the Franks, are raiding the Rhine frontier.
Persia[]
India[]

By topic[]

Religion[]
  • Mani, a young mystic of Ctesiphon, proclaims himself a prophet at the court of Ardashir I. He preaches his doctrine, Manichaeism, throughout the Sassanid Empire.

241

This section is transcluded from AD 241. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
Persia[]
  • Prince Shapur I succeeds his father Ardashir I as ruler of the Sassanid Empire. He begins his expansion in India.
  • Shapur I annexes parts of the Kushan Empire. The ancient city of Bagram (modern Afghanistan) is abandoned.
  • Fall of Hatra: Shapur I captures Hatra, the capital of the Kingdom of Hatra. The city is destroyed by the Sassanids.
Europe[]

By topic[]

Religion[]

242

This section is transcluded from AD 242. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • Emperor Gordian III begins a campaign against King Shapur I; Greek philosopher Plotinus joins him, hoping to obtain first-hand knowledge of Persian and Indian philosophies.
  • Gordian III evacuates the Cimmerian cities in the Bosphorus (Crimea), as the territory is now controlled by the Goths.
Persia[]
  • Shapur I makes a pre-emptive attack on Antioch to drive out the Romans. Gordian's father-in-law, Timesitheus, leads a Roman army to defeat the Sassanids at Carrhae and Nisibis.
  • King Ardashir I, founder of the Sassanid Empire, dies after a 30-year reign. He is succeeded by his son and co-ruler Shapur I.

By topic[]

Religion[]

243

This section is transcluded from AD 243. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • Battle of Resaena: A Roman army under Timesitheus defeats the Sassanids at Resaena (mdern Syria); King Shapur I is forced to flee to the Euphrates.
  • Timesitheus becomes ill and dies under suspicious circumstances. Shapur I retreats to Sassanid Empire, giving up all the territories he has conquered.
  • Emperor Gordian III appoints Philip the Arab as his new praetorian prefect (after the death of Timesitheus) and proceeds with his campaign in Mesopotamia.
  • Cohors I Ubiorum, the garrison at Capidava in Scythia Minor, is replaced by Cohors I Germanorum Civium Romanorum, until the end of the 3rd century AD.
Asia[]
  • Fan Chan of Funan sends a tribute mission to China (approximate date).

244

This section is transcluded from AD 244. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • January 13 - March 14 – Battle of Misiche: King Shapur I of the Sasanian Empire delivers a counter-attack near Fallujah (Iraq), and defeats the Roman army upstream of the Euphrates.
  • February 11 – Emperor Gordian III is murdered by mutinous soldiers in Zaitha (Mesopotamia). A mound is raised at Carchemish in his memory.
  • Philip the Arab (Marcus Julius Philippus) declares himself co-emperor, and makes a controversial peace with the Sassanian Empire, withdrawing from their territory and giving Shapur 500,000 gold pieces. The Sassanians occupy Armenia.
  • Philip the Arab is recognized by the Roman Senate as the new Roman Emperor with the honorific Augustus. He nominates his son Philippus, age 6, with the title of Caesar and makes him heir to the throne; gives his brother Priscus supreme power (rector Orientis) in the Eastern provinces; and begins construction of the city of Shahba (Syria) in the province of his birth.
  • The vassal Upper Mesopotamian kingdom of Osroene is absorbed into the Roman Empire, its last ruler being Abgar (XI) Farhat Bar Ma’nu.
Asia[]
Korea[]

By topic[]

Art and Science[]
  • Plotinus, Greek philosopher, escapes the bloodshed that accompanies the murder of Gordianus III and makes his way to Antioch. Back in Rome he founds his Neoplatonist school and attracts disciples like Porphyry, Castricius Firmus and Eustochius of Alexandria.
  • 244–249 – Bust of Philip the Arab (in Braccio Nuovo, Vatican Museums, Rome).
Commerce[]
  • The silver content of the Roman denarius falls to 0.5 percent under emperor Philippus I, down from 28 percent under Gordian III.
Religion[]

245

This section is transcluded from AD 245. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • Emperor Philip the Arab entrusts Trajan Decius with an important command on the Danube.
  • In Britain, many thousands of acres of modern-day Lincolnshire are inundated by a great flood.[1]
  • The philosopher Plotinus goes to live in Rome.
Asia[]

246

This section is transcluded from AD 246. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
Korea[]

247

This section is transcluded from AD 247. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • Rome becomes 1,000 years old. The 1,000th anniversary is commemorated with the Ludi Saeculares festivals, celebrated throughout the Roman Empire.
  • Marcus Julius Philippus Augustus and his 10-year-old son Marcus Julius Philippus Caesar become Roman Consuls.
  • The Goths appear on the lower Danube frontier; they invade the Ukraine and Romania.
  • Emperor Philip the Arab marks the millennium of Rome by holding the Ludi Saeculares.
  • The last of the two Councils of Arabia in the Roman Christian Church is held in Bostra, Arabia Petraea.
Asia[]
  • Himiko of Yamataikoku, in Japan, begins a war against King Himikoku of Kunukoku.[2]
  • Cheomhae becomes king of the Korean kingdom of Silla.[3]

248

This section is transcluded from AD 248. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • The revolts of Pacatianus in Moesia and Iotapianus in Syria are put down by Senator Trajan Decius, by order of Emperor Philip the Arab.
  • The Roman Empire continues the celebration of the 1,000th anniversary of Rome, with the ludi saeculares, organized by Philip the Arab.
Asia[]

By topic[]

Religion[]
  • Cyprian, Christian writer of Berber descent, becomes bishop of Carthage.
  • Origen writes an eight-volume work, criticizing the pagan writer Celsus.

249

This section is transcluded from AD 249. ( | )

By place[]

Roman Empire[]
  • Trajan Decius puts down a revolt in Moesia and Pannonia. Loyal legionaries proclaim him emperor, and he leads them into Italy.
  • Battle of Verona: Decius defeats and kills Emperor Philip the Arab.
  • Decius begins persecuting Christians, and others refusing to participate in Emperor worship.
Asia[]
  • February 5 – Incident at Gaoping Tombs: In the Chinese state of Cao Wei, regent Sima Yi, in a coup d'état, forces his co-regent Cao Shuang to relinquish his power, after taking control of the capital city of Luoyang. Sima Yi issues a memorial, which lists the various crimes he and his associates has committed.

By topic[]

Religion[]
  • In Alexandria, the populace pillages the homes of Christians.

Significant people[]

Births[]

Transcluding articles: 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, and 249

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

  • Cao Huan, Chinese emperor of the Cao Wei state (d. 303)

247

248

  • Flavia Iulia Helena, Roman empress (approximate date)
  • Li Liu (or Xuantong), Chinese Grand General (d. 303)
  • Sima You (or Dayou), Chinese prince and politician (d. 283)

249

  • Shi Chong (or Jilun), Chinese politician and statesman

Deaths[]

Transcluding articles: 240, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, and 249

240

241

242

  • Ammonius Saccas, Egyptian philosopher (b. 175)
  • Ardashir I, king of the Sassanid Empire (b. 180)
  • Cao Hui, Chinese prince of the Cao Wei state
  • Man Chong (or Boning), Chinese politician

243

  • Gu Yong (or Yuantan), Chinese official and politician (b. 168)
  • Hu Zong (or Weize), Chinese official and general (b. 183)
  • Timesitheus, Roman advisor and praetorian prefect (b. 190)
  • Xue Zong (or Jingwen), Chinese official, politician and poet

244

245

  • Ammonius Saccas, Alexandrian-Greek philosopher (approximate date)
  • Lu Xun (or Boyan), Chinese general and statesman (b. 183)
  • Wu (or Wu Xian), Chinese empress of the Shu Han state
  • Wu Can (or Kongxiu), Chinese official and politician
  • Zhao Yan (or Boran), Chinese official and general (b. 171)
  • Zhang Xiu (or Shusi), Chinese general and statesman (b. 205)

246

  • Dong Yun (or Xiuzhao), Chinese general and politician
  • Gu Tan (or Zimo), Chinese official and politician (b. 205)
  • Jiang Wan (or Gongyan), Chinese general and statesman

247

248

  • Dongcheon, Korean ruler of Goguryeo (b. 209)
  • Himiko (or Shingi Waō), Japanese queen (b. 170)
  • Trieu Thi Trinh, Vietnamese female warrior (b. 226)
  • Wang Ping, Chinese general and politician

249

References[]

  1. ^ Stratton, J. M. (1969). Agricultural Records. London: John Baker. ISBN 0-212-97022-4.
  2. ^ Walker, Brett L. (2015). A Concise History of Japan. Cambridge University Press. p. 18. ISBN 9781107004184.
  3. ^ "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 21 April 2019.
  4. ^ "List of Rulers of Korea". www.metmuseum.org. Retrieved 18 April 2019.
  5. ^ Song, Geng (2004). The Fragile Scholar: Power and Masculinity in Chinese Culture. Hong Kong University Press. p. 143. ISBN 9789622096202.
  6. ^ Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: Antiquity Through Sui, 1600 B.C.E.-618 C.E. M.E. Sharpe. 1998. p. 272. ISBN 9780765641823.
  7. ^ Chen, Shou (300). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi ed.). China.
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