77th Sustainment Brigade

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

77th Sustainment Brigade
77th Infantry Division.patch.jpg
77th Sustainment Brigade shoulder sleeve insignia
Active1917–1919
1921–1946
1963–present
Country United States
Branch United States Army
TypeSustainment
SizeBrigade
Garrison/HQJoint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst
Nickname(s)"Statue of Liberty" (special designation)[1]
EngagementsWorld War I
  • Oise-Aisne
  • Meuse-Argonne

World War II

  • Iraq War
Commanders
Current
commander
Notable
commanders		J. Franklin Bell
George B. Duncan
Robert Alexander
Robert L. Eichelberger
Roscoe B. Woodruff
Andrew D. Bruce
Julius Ochs Adler

The 77th Sustainment Brigade is a unit of the United States Army that inherited the lineage of the 77th Infantry Division ("Statue of Liberty"[1]), which served in World War I and World War II. Its headquarters has been at Fort Dix, New Jersey, since its predecessor command, the 77th Regional Readiness Command, was disestablished in 2008 from Fort Totten, in Bayside (Queens), New York. Soldiers from the 77th have served in most major conflict and contingency operations since World War II.[citation needed]

The division is nicknamed the "Statue of Liberty Division"; the shoulder patch bears the Statue of Liberty in gold on a blue isosceles-trapezoid shape. U.S. Marines on Guam nicknamed them the "77th Marine Division".[citation needed]

The Clearview Expressway in Queens, New York is named the "U.S. Army 77th Infantry Division Expressway", honoring the division and its successor commands.

World War I[]

  • Activated: 18 August 1917 Camp Upton in Yaphank, New York.
  • Operations: Meuse-Argonne, Oise-Aisne.

The 77th Infantry Division was organized from draftees, drawn mostly of men from New York City, and trained at Camp Upton in Yaphank, New York in the central part of Suffolk County, Long Island; the camp is now Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Men of the 307th Infantry Regiment (attached to the British 42nd Division for instruction), headed by a British regimental band, marching past Major-General Arthur Solly-Flood (42nd Division) on a road near Famechon, France, 7 June 1918.
Square Division example: 1940 US Infantry Division. On the far left can be seen two Brigades of two Regiments each

The 77th Infantry Division was the first American division composed of draftees to arrive in France in World War I, landing in April 1918; overall it was the seventh of 42 divisions to reach the Western Front. The division fought in the Battle of Château-Thierry on 18 July 1918.

Throughout its service in France the 77th Division sustained 10,194 casualties: 1,486 killed and 8,708 wounded. The division returned to the United States in April 1919 and was deactivated later that month.

The 153rd Infantry Brigade consisted of the 305th Infantry Regiment, 306th Infantry Regiment, and 305th Machine Gun Battalion.[2] The brigade was initially commanded by Brigadier General Edmund Wittenmyer.[2]

The 154th Infantry Brigade was composed of the 307th and 308th Infantry Regiments and the 306th Machine Gun Battalion.[3] The brigade's inaugural commander was Brigadier General Evan M. Johnson.[2]

While the division had been recruited as a National Army unit from the New York City area, attrition and replacements had complicated the complexion of the unit. For example, Company K of the 307th Infantry, had been redesignated from the former Company L of the 160th Infantry, part of the California Army National Guard. The company had belonged to the 40th Division, which had been converted into a depot division in August 1918.

The "Lost Battalion" of World War I fame was composed of six companies of the 308th Infantry Regiment and one from the 307th Infantry Regiment.

Order of battle[]

  • Headquarters, 77th Division
  • 153rd Infantry Brigade
    • 305th Infantry Regiment
    • 306th Infantry Regiment
    • 305th Machine Gun Battalion
  • 154th Infantry Brigade
    • 307th Infantry Regiment
    • 308th Infantry Regiment
    • 306th Machine Gun Battalion
  • 152nd Field Artillery Brigade
    • 304th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm)
    • 305th Field Artillery Regiment (75 mm)
    • 306th Field Artillery Regiment (155 mm)
    • 302nd Trench Mortar Battery
  • 307th Machine Gun Battalion
  • 302nd Engineer Regiment
  • 302nd Field Signal Battalion
  • Headquarters Troop, 77th Division
  • 303rd Train Headquarters and Military Police
    • 302nd Ammunition Train
    • 302nd Supply Train
    • 302nd Engineer Train
    • 302nd Sanitary Train
      • 305th, 306th, 307th, and 308th Ambulance Companies and Field Hospitals

Interwar period[]

The division was reconstituted in the Organized Reserve on 24 June 1921 and assigned to the state of New York. The headquarters was organized on 1 July 1921.

World War II[]

1st BLT, 306th in the Kerama Islands on 27 March 1945
Men of the 77th Infantry division listen to radio reports of Germany's surrender on 8 May 1945.
Triangular Division example: 1942 U.S. infantry division. The brigades of the Square division have been removed, and there are three regiments directly under divisional control.

Order of battle[]

  • Headquarters, 77th Infantry Division
  • 305th Infantry Regiment
  • 306th Infantry Regiment
  • 307th Infantry Regiment
  • Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 77th Infantry Division Artillery
    • 304th Field Artillery Battalion
    • 305th Field Artillery Battalion
    • 306th Field Artillery Battalion
    • 902nd Field Artillery Battalion
  • 302nd Engineer Combat Battalion
  • 302nd Medical Battalion
  • 77th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)
  • Headquarters, Special Troops, 77th Infantry Division
    • Headquarters Company, 77th Infantry Division
    • 777th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company
    • 77th Quartermaster Company
    • 77th Signal Company
    • Military Police Platoon
    • Band
  • 77th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment

The 77th Infantry Division landed in Hawaii, 31 March 1944, and continued training in amphibious landings and jungle warfare. Elements began to leave Hawaii, 1 July 1944, for the amphibious assault on Guam. Attached to III Amphibious Force, the 77th made an assault landing on Guam, 21 July 1944. After taking over defense of the beachhead, the division drove north to seize Mount Tenjo and effected junction with the 3d Marine Division, linking the northern and southern bridgeheads, 23–29 July. It continued to drive north, and dislodged the enemy from positions at Barrigada town and mountain, 4 August, resistance ending on 8 August. With Guam recaptured, the 77th sailed for New Caledonia, but plans were changed en route and it was directed to proceed to Leyte. The division landed on the east coast of Leyte, 23 November 1944, and was attached to XXIV Corps, Sixth Army. After a short period of training and combat patrolling in the Corps' rear, 23 November – 6 December, it landed at Ipil and fought up the east coast of Ormoc Bay to seize Ormoc on 10 December. Attacking north, astride Highway No. 2, the division secured Valencia and the Libungao-Palompon road junction. Mopping up operations continued through January 1945 to 5 February 1945.

The next combat assignment was Okinawa. In late March (26–29), the division made 15 landings, securing Kerama Retto and Keise Shima for the assault on Okinawa. Riding at sea, 1–15 April 1945, it suffered casualties from enemy suicide attacks, and prepared for the assault landing on Ie Shima. On 16 April 1945, the 77th landed on Ie Shima, captured the airfield, and engaged in a bitter fight for "Government House Hill" and "Bloody Ridge." It was in this operation that Ernie Pyle was killed. On April 25 it left Ie Shima for Okinawa, relieving the 96th Division on 1 May 1945. Fighting its way slowly against extremely heavy Japanese resistance, the division drove to Shuri in conjunction with the 1st Marine Division, occupying it 29–31 May. In June the division covered the right flank of XXIV Corps and "sealed" Japanese cave positions. In July the division moved to Cebu, Philippine Islands, and prepared for the anticipated invasion of Japan (Operation Downfall). On 6 and 9 August 1945, the U.S. dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, forcing the surrender of Japan and thereby cancelling Operation Downfall. The division landed in Japan in October 1945 for occupation duty, and was inactivated a few months later on 15 March 1946.

Casualties[]

  • Total battle casualties: 7,461[4]
  • Killed in action: 1,449[4]
  • Wounded in action: 5,935[4]
  • Missing in action: 76
  • Prisoner of war: 27[4]

21st century[]

Five soldiers from the 77th lost their lives at the World Trade Center in the September 11 attacks, while serving in their civilian duties.[5]

The lineage of the 77th Infantry Division is perpetuated today by the 77th Sustainment Brigade, a unit of the Army Reserve, with its headquarters at Fort Dix, N.J. In 2011, the brigade deployed to Iraq in support of Operation New Dawn. The brigade headquarters was stationed in Balad, Iraq and held logistical responsibility for the re-posturing of forces in northern Iraq. The unit's motto is "Liberty Warriors".[citation needed]

See also[]

References[]

Notes
  1. ^ Jump up to: a b "Special Unit Designations". United States Army Center of Military History. 21 April 2010. Archived from the original on 9 July 2010. Retrieved 9 July 2010.
  2. ^ Jump up to: a b c Center of Military History, United States Army (1988). Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces in the World War. 2. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. pp. 296–297 – via Google Books.
  3. ^ McGrath, The Brigade, 37
  4. ^ Jump up to: a b c d Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths, Final Report (Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, 1 June 1953)
  5. ^ Capt. Jason Pyeatt (8 September 2012). "Fort Totten, Queens, New York 9/11/2001 Memorial Ceremony". 361st Public Affairs Operations Center. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
Bibliography

https://archive.org/stream/OursToHoldItHigh#page/n1/mode/2up

Further reading[]

External links[]

Ours To Hold It High: the history of the 77th Infantry Division in World War II

Retrieved from ""