AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies
1998 | 100 Movies |
---|---|
1999 | 100 Stars |
2000 | 100 Laughs |
2001 | 100 Thrills |
2002 | 100 Passions |
2003 | 100 Heroes & Villains |
2004 | 100 Songs |
2005 | 100 Movie Quotes |
2005 | 25 Scores |
2006 | 100 Cheers |
2006 | 25 Musicals |
2007 | 100 Movies (Updated) |
2008 | AFI's 10 Top 10 |
The first of the AFI 100 Years... series of cinematic milestones, AFI's 100 Years... 100 American Movies is a list of the 100 best American movies, as determined by the American Film Institute from a poll of more than 1,500 artists and leaders in the film industry who chose from a list of 400 nominated movies. The 100-best list American films was unveiled in 1998. AFI released an updated list in 2007.
Criteria[]
Films were judged according to the following criteria:
- Feature length: Narrative format, at least 60 minutes long.
- American film: English language, with significant creative and/or financial production elements from the United States. (Certain films, notably The Bridge on the River Kwai, 2001: A Space Odyssey and Lawrence of Arabia, were British-made but funded and distributed by American studios. The Lord of the Rings was New Zealand-made with American funding.)
- Critical recognition: Formal commendation in print.
- Major award winner: Recognition from competitive events including awards from organizations in the film community and major film festivals.
- Popularity over time: Including figures for box office adjusted for inflation, television broadcasts and syndication, and home video sales and rentals.
- Historical significance: A film's mark on the history of the moving image through technical innovation, visionary narrative devices or other groundbreaking achievements.
- Cultural impact: A film's mark on American society in matters of style and substance.
List[]
Film | Release year | Director | Studio | 1998 rank | 2007 rank | Change |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Citizen Kane | 1941 | Orson Welles | RKO Radio Pictures | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Casablanca | 1942 | Michael Curtiz | Warner Bros. Pictures | 2 | 3 | 1 |
The Godfather | 1972 | Francis Ford Coppola | Paramount Pictures | 3 | 2 | 1 |
Gone with the Wind | 1939 | Victor Fleming | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, Selznick International Pictures | 4 | 6 | 2 |
Lawrence of Arabia | 1962 | David Lean | Columbia Pictures | 5 | 7 | 2 |
The Wizard of Oz | 1939 | Victor Fleming | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 6 | 10 | 4 |
The Graduate | 1967 | Mike Nichols | Embassy Pictures, United Artists | 7 | 17 | 10 |
On the Waterfront | 1954 | Elia Kazan | Columbia Pictures | 8 | 19 | 11 |
Schindler's List | 1993 | Steven Spielberg | Universal Pictures | 9 | 8 | 1 |
Singin' in the Rain | 1952 | Gene Kelly, Stanley Donen | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 10 | 5 | 5 |
It's a Wonderful Life | 1946 | Frank Capra | RKO Radio Pictures | 11 | 20 | 9 |
Sunset Boulevard | 1950 | Billy Wilder | Paramount Pictures | 12 | 16 | 4 |
The Bridge on the River Kwai | 1957 | David Lean | Columbia Pictures | 13 | 36 | 23 |
Some Like It Hot | 1959 | Billy Wilder | United Artists | 14 | 22 | 8 |
Star Wars | 1977 | George Lucas | 20th Century Fox | 15 | 13 | 2 |
All About Eve | 1950 | Joseph L. Mankiewicz | 20th Century Fox | 16 | 28 | 12 |
The African Queen | 1951 | John Huston | United Artists, Independent Film Distributors | 17 | 65 | 48 |
Psycho | 1960 | Alfred Hitchcock | Paramount Pictures | 18 | 14 | 4 |
The General | 1926 | Buster Keaton | United Artists | — | 18 | — |
Chinatown | 1974 | Roman Polanski | Paramount Pictures | 19 | 21 | 2 |
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest | 1975 | Miloš Forman | United Artists | 20 | 33 | 13 |
The Grapes of Wrath | 1940 | John Ford | 20th Century Fox | 21 | 23 | 2 |
2001: A Space Odyssey | 1968 | Stanley Kubrick | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 22 | 15 | 7 |
The Maltese Falcon | 1941 | John Huston | Warner Bros. Pictures | 23 | 31 | 8 |
Raging Bull | 1980 | Martin Scorsese | United Artists | 24 | 4 | 20 |
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial | 1982 | Steven Spielberg | Universal Pictures | 25 | 24 | 1 |
Dr. Strangelove | 1964 | Stanley Kubrick | Columbia Pictures | 26 | 39 | 13 |
Bonnie and Clyde | 1967 | Arthur Penn | Warner Bros-Seven Arts | 27 | 42 | 15 |
Apocalypse Now | 1979 | Francis Ford Coppola | United Artists | 28 | 30 | 2 |
Mr. Smith Goes to Washington | 1939 | Frank Capra | Columbia Pictures | 29 | 26 | 3 |
The Treasure of the Sierra Madre | 1948 | John Huston | Warner Bros. Pictures | 30 | 38 | 8 |
Annie Hall | 1977 | Woody Allen | United Artists | 31 | 35 | 4 |
The Godfather Part II | 1974 | Francis Ford Coppola | Paramount Pictures | 32 | 32 | 0 |
High Noon | 1952 | Fred Zinnemann | United Artists | 33 | 27 | 6 |
To Kill a Mockingbird | 1962 | Robert Mulligan | Universal-International | 34 | 25 | 9 |
It Happened One Night | 1934 | Frank Capra | Columbia Pictures | 35 | 46 | 11 |
Midnight Cowboy | 1969 | John Schlesinger | United Artists | 36 | 43 | 7 |
The Best Years of Our Lives | 1946 | William Wyler | Samuel Goldwyn Productions, RKO Radio Pictures | 37 | 37 | 0 |
Double Indemnity | 1944 | Billy Wilder | Paramount Pictures | 38 | 29 | 9 |
Doctor Zhivago | 1965 | David Lean | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 39 | — | — |
North by Northwest | 1959 | Alfred Hitchcock | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 40 | 55 | 15 |
West Side Story | 1961 | Robert Wise, Jerome Robbins | United Artists | 41 | 51 | 10 |
Rear Window | 1954 | Alfred Hitchcock | Paramount Pictures | 42 | 48 | 6 |
King Kong | 1933 | Merian C. Cooper | RKO Radio Pictures | 43 | 41 | 2 |
The Birth of a Nation | 1915 | D. W. Griffith | Enoch Producing Co. | 44 | — | — |
A Streetcar Named Desire | 1951 | Elia Kazan | Warner Bros. Pictures | 45 | 47 | 2 |
A Clockwork Orange | 1971 | Stanley Kubrick | Warner Bros. Pictures | 46 | 70 | 24 |
Taxi Driver | 1976 | Martin Scorsese | Columbia Pictures | 47 | 52 | 5 |
Jaws | 1975 | Steven Spielberg | Universal Pictures | 48 | 56 | 8 |
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs | 1937 | David Hand, et al. | Walt Disney Productions, RKO Radio Pictures | 49 | 34 | 15 |
Intolerance | 1916 | D. W. Griffith | Triangle Film Corporation | — | 49 | — |
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid | 1969 | George Roy Hill | 20th Century Fox | 50 | 73 | 23 |
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring | 2001 | Peter Jackson | New Line Cinema | — | 50 | — |
The Philadelphia Story | 1940 | George Cukor | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 51 | 44 | 7 |
From Here to Eternity | 1953 | Fred Zinnemann | Columbia Pictures | 52 | — | — |
Amadeus | 1984 | Miloš Forman | Orion Pictures | 53 | — | — |
All Quiet on the Western Front | 1930 | Lewis Milestone | Universal Pictures | 54 | — | — |
The Sound of Music | 1965 | Robert Wise | 20th Century Fox | 55 | 40 | 15 |
M*A*S*H | 1970 | Robert Altman | 20th Century Fox | 56 | 54 | 2 |
The Third Man | 1949 | Carol Reed | British Lion Films, Selznick Releasing Corporation | 57 | — | — |
Fantasia | 1940 | Walt Disney | Walt Disney Productions, RKO Radio Pictures | 58 | — | — |
Rebel Without a Cause | 1955 | Nicholas Ray | Warner Bros. Pictures | 59 | — | — |
Nashville | 1975 | Robert Altman | Paramount Pictures | — | 59 | — |
Raiders of the Lost Ark | 1981 | Steven Spielberg | Paramount Pictures | 60 | 66 | 6 |
Vertigo | 1958 | Alfred Hitchcock | Paramount Pictures | 61 | 9 | 52 |
Sullivan's Travels | 1941 | Preston Sturges | Paramount Pictures | — | 61 | — |
Tootsie | 1982 | Sydney Pollack | Columbia Pictures | 62 | 69 | 7 |
Stagecoach | 1939 | John Ford | United Artists | 63 | — | — |
Cabaret | 1972 | Bob Fosse | Allied Artists | — | 63 | — |
Close Encounters of the Third Kind | 1977 | Steven Spielberg | Columbia Pictures | 64 | — | — |
The Silence of the Lambs | 1991 | Jonathan Demme | Orion Pictures | 65 | 74 | 9 |
Network | 1976 | Sidney Lumet | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, United Artists | 66 | 64 | 2 |
The Manchurian Candidate | 1962 | John Frankenheimer | United Artists | 67 | — | — |
Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? | 1966 | Mike Nichols | Warner Bros. Pictures | — | 67 | — |
An American in Paris | 1951 | Vincente Minnelli | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 68 | — | — |
Shane | 1953 | George Stevens | Paramount Pictures | 69 | 45 | 24 |
The French Connection | 1971 | William Friedkin | 20th Century Fox | 70 | 93 | 23 |
Forrest Gump | 1994 | Robert Zemeckis | Paramount Pictures | 71 | 76 | 5 |
Saving Private Ryan | 1998 | Steven Spielberg | DreamWorks Pictures, Paramount Pictures | — | 71 | — |
Ben-Hur | 1959 | William Wyler | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 72 | 100 | 28 |
The Shawshank Redemption | 1994 | Frank Darabont | Castle Rock Entertainment, Columbia Pictures | — | 72 | — |
Wuthering Heights | 1939 | William Wyler | Samuel Goldwyn Productions, United Artists | 73 | — | — |
The Gold Rush | 1925 | Charlie Chaplin | United Artists | 74 | 58 | 16 |
Dances with Wolves | 1990 | Kevin Costner | Orion Pictures | 75 | — | — |
In the Heat of the Night | 1967 | Norman Jewison | United Artists | — | 75 | — |
City Lights | 1931 | Charlie Chaplin | United Artists | 76 | 11 | 65 |
American Graffiti | 1973 | George Lucas | Universal Pictures | 77 | 62 | 15 |
All the President's Men | 1976 | Alan J. Pakula | Warner Bros. Pictures | — | 77 | — |
Rocky | 1976 | John G. Avildsen | United Artists | 78 | 57 | 21 |
The Deer Hunter | 1978 | Michael Cimino | EMI Films, Universal Pictures | 79 | 53 | 26 |
The Wild Bunch | 1969 | Sam Peckinpah | Warner Bros-Seven Arts | 80 | 79 | 1 |
Modern Times | 1936 | Charlie Chaplin | United Artists | 81 | 78 | 3 |
Spartacus | 1960 | Stanley Kubrick | Universal-International | — | 81 | — |
Giant | 1956 | George Stevens | Warner Bros. Pictures | 82 | — | — |
Sunrise: A Song of Two Humans | 1927 | F. W. Murnau | Fox Film Corporation | — | 82 | — |
Platoon | 1986 | Oliver Stone | Orion Pictures | 83 | 86 | 3 |
Titanic | 1997 | James Cameron | Paramount Pictures, 20th Century Fox | — | 83 | — |
Fargo | 1996 | Coen brothers | PolyGram Filmed Entertainment, Gramercy Pictures | 84 | — | — |
Duck Soup | 1933 | Leo McCarey | Paramount Pictures | 85 | 60 | 25 |
A Night at the Opera | 1935 | Sam Wood | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | — | 85 | — |
Mutiny on the Bounty | 1935 | Frank Lloyd | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer | 86 | — | — |
Frankenstein | 1931 | James Whale | Universal Pictures | 87 | — | — |
12 Angry Men | 1957 | Sidney Lumet | United Artists | — | 87 | — |
Easy Rider | 1969 | Dennis Hopper | Columbia Pictures | 88 | 84 | 4 |
Patton | 1970 | Franklin J. Schaffner | 20th Century Fox | 89 | — | — |
The Sixth Sense | 1999 | M. Night Shyamalan | Hollywood Pictures | — | 89 | — |
The Jazz Singer | 1927 | Alan Crosland | Warner Bros. Pictures | 90 | — | — |
Swing Time | 1936 | George Stevens | RKO Radio Pictures | — | 90 | — |
My Fair Lady | 1964 | George Cukor | Warner Bros. Pictures | 91 | — | — |
Sophie's Choice | 1982 | Alan J. Pakula | Universal Pictures, Associated Film Distribution | — | 91 | — |
A Place in the Sun | 1951 | George Stevens | Paramount Pictures | 92 | — | — |
The Apartment | 1960 | Billy Wilder | United Artists | 93 | 80 | 13 |
Goodfellas | 1990 | Martin Scorsese | Warner Bros. Pictures | 94 | 92 | 2 |
Pulp Fiction | 1994 | Quentin Tarantino | Miramax Films | 95 | 94 | 1 |
The Last Picture Show | 1971 | Peter Bogdanovich | Columbia Pictures | — | 95 | — |
The Searchers | 1956 | John Ford | Warner Bros. Pictures | 96 | 12 | 84 |
Do the Right Thing | 1989 | Spike Lee | Universal Pictures | — | 96 | — |
Bringing Up Baby | 1938 | Howard Hawks | RKO Radio Pictures | 97 | 88 | 9 |
Blade Runner | 1982 | Ridley Scott | Warner Bros. Pictures | — | 97 | — |
Unforgiven | 1992 | Clint Eastwood | Warner Bros. Pictures | 98 | 68 | 30 |
Guess Who's Coming to Dinner | 1967 | Stanley Kramer | Columbia Pictures | 99 | — | — |
Toy Story | 1995 | John Lasseter | Walt Disney Pictures, Pixar Animation Studios | — | 99 | — |
Yankee Doodle Dandy | 1942 | Michael Curtiz | Warner Bros. Pictures | 100 | 98 | 2 |
2007 update notes[]
Twenty-three films from the original top 100 films list were removed in 2007:
- The Birth of a Nation (1915)
- From Here to Eternity (1953)
- Amadeus (1984)
- All Quiet on the Western Front (1930)
- The Third Man (1949)
- Fantasia (1940)
- Rebel Without a Cause (1955)
- Stagecoach (1939)
- Close Encounters of the Third Kind (1977)
- The Manchurian Candidate (1962)
- An American in Paris (1951)
- Wuthering Heights (1939)
- Dances with Wolves (1990)
- Giant (1956)
- Fargo (1996)
- Mutiny on the Bounty (1935)
- Frankenstein (1931)
- Patton (1970)
- The Jazz Singer (1927)
- My Fair Lady (1964)
- A Place in the Sun (1951)
- Guess Who's Coming to Dinner (1967)
- Doctor Zhivago (1965)
Four films released between 1996 and 2006 were added:
- The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
- Saving Private Ryan (1998)
- Titanic (1997)
- The Sixth Sense (1999)
Nineteen films made before 1996 were also added:
- The General (1926)
- Intolerance (1916)
- Nashville (1975)
- Sullivan's Travels (1941)
- Cabaret (1972)
- Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966)
- The Shawshank Redemption (1994)
- In the Heat of the Night (1967)
- All the President's Men (1976)
- Spartacus (1960)
- Sunrise (1927)
- A Night at the Opera (1935)
- 12 Angry Men (1957)
- Swing Time (1936)
- Sophie's Choice (1982)
- The Last Picture Show (1971)
- Do the Right Thing (1989)
- Blade Runner (1982)
- Toy Story (1995)
Broadcast history[]
Presentation broadcast on CBS[]
A 145-minute presentation of the 100 films aired on CBS on June 16, 1998.
Presentation broadcast on TNT[]
A 460-minute version aired as a 10-part series on TNT, narrated by James Woods and hosted by American talents as follows:
- Richard Gere hosted the episode "Against the Grain".
- Richard Gere hosted the episode "Against the Law".
- Sally Field hosted the episode "Family Portraits".
- Jodie Foster hosted the episode "In Search of...".
- Sally Field hosted the episode "Love Crazy".
- Richard Gere hosted the episode "War & Peace".
- Sally Field hosted the episode "The Wilder Shores of Love".
- Jodie Foster hosted the episode "The Antiheroes".
- Richard Gere hosted the episode "Out of Control".
- Jodie Foster hosted the episode "Fantastic Flights".
Presentation broadcast on TNT UK[]
Another version of the same 460-minute program was produced by Monique De Villiers and John Heyman from A World Production company to British television and market featuring different interviews and each segment being hosted by British talents in the following order:
- Michael Caine hosted and narrated episode "Against the Grain"
- Ray Winstone hosted and narrated "Beyond the Law"
- Emily Watson hosted and narrated "Family Portraits"
- Richard Harris hosted and narrated "In Search of..."
- Joely Richardson hosted and narrated episode "Love Crazy"
- Jeremy Irons hosted and narrated episode "War and Peace"
- Liam Neeson hosted and narrated episode "The Wilder Shores of Love"
- Judi Dench hosted and narrated episode "The Anti-Heroes"
- Jude Law hosted and narrated episode "Out of Control"
- Helena Bonham Carter hosted and narrated "Fantastic Flights"
10th anniversary broadcast[]
An updated version of the list, billed as a 10th Anniversary edition, aired on CBS on June 20, 2007, and was hosted by Morgan Freeman.
Criticisms[]
As with awards, the list of those who vote and the final vote tally are not released to the public, nor the criteria for how the 400 nominated films have been selected.
On June 26, 1998, the Chicago Reader published an article by film critic Jonathan Rosenbaum which offers a detailed response to the movies in the AFI list, as well as criticism of the AFI's appropriation of British films, such as Lawrence of Arabia (albeit with aforementioned American funding) and The Third Man. Rosenbaum also produced an alternative list of 100 American movies that he felt had been overlooked by the AFI.[2] Rosenbaum chose to present this alternative list alphabetically since to rank them according to merit would be "tantamount to ranking oranges over apples or declaring cherries superior to grapes."
The AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) list includes five titles from Rosenbaum's list (including Do the Right Thing),[3] and the accompanying promotional poster lists the titles in alphabetical order.
See also[]
- BFI Top 100 British films
- Films considered the greatest ever
References[]
- ^ "100 Greatest American Movies by AFI - Film Series". www.filmsite.org.
- ^ Rosenbaum, Jonathan (June 26, 1998). "List-o-Mania: Or, How I Stopped Worrying and Learned to Love American Movies". Chicago Reader. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
- ^ "What Are the AFI Top 100 Movies of All Time?". No Film School. July 13, 2020.
External links[]
- AFI 100 Years...100 Movies (1998 edition)
- AFI 100 Years...100 Movies (2007 edition)
- List of the 400 nominated movies (1998 edition)
- List of the 400 nominated movies (2007 edition)
- Montreal Mirror editorial
- SFM Entertainment page on the special; includes video clip
- AFI 100 Years... series
- Centennial anniversaries