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Anti (album)

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Anti
A black-and-white photograph of a topless infant holding a balloon. A golden crown covers the infant's eyes. The upper top left of the photo is tainted by red paint.
Studio album by
Rihanna
Released28 January 2016 (2016-01-28)
Recordedc. 2014–January 2016
Studio
Genre
Length43:36
Label
  • Westbury Road
  • Roc Nation
Producer
Rihanna chronology
Unapologetic
(2012)
Anti
(2016)
Singles from Anti
  1. "Work"
    Released: 27 January 2016
  2. "Kiss It Better"
    Released: 30 March 2016
  3. "Needed Me"
    Released: 30 March 2016
  4. "Love on the Brain"
    Released: 27 September 2016

Anti (stylized in all caps) is the eighth studio album by Barbadian singer Rihanna. She started recording in 2014 after ending her contract with Def Jam Recordings, who had released all of her albums since her debut in 2005. As executive producer, Rihanna recorded the album with producers including Jeff Bhasker, Boi-1da, DJ Mustard, Hit-Boy, Brian Kennedy, Timbaland and No I.D., at studios in Canada, the United States and France. SZA and Drake contribute guest vocals.

On Anti, Rihanna abandoned her previous radio-friendly dance songs for a soulful production she felt authentic and liberating. The album spans genres including pop, dancehall, alternative R&B, hip hop, soul and trap. The songs are characterized by lo-fi beats, distorted vocals, sparsely layered and atmospheric downtempo arrangements. Anti's overarching theme is emotional authenticity, portrayed through a spectrum of emotions evoked from relationships, from endearment and longing to betrayal and liberation. Critics noted the musical and lyrical shifts marked Rihanna's artistic maturity beyond her status as a pop star.

Released on 28 January 2016 through Roc Nation and Westbury Road, Anti received generally positive reviews for its emotional honesty. The production divided critics: praise centered on Rihanna's newfound musical freedom, and criticism on its unfocused track list. Anti featured on 2010s decade-end lists by such publications as Billboard, NME and Pitchfork, and ranked 230th on Rolling Stone's 2020 edition of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time. At the 2017 Grammy Awards, the album and its singles collectively received six nominations, including a nomination for Best Urban Contemporary Album.

After the album's release, Rihanna embarked on the Anti World Tour, which ran from March to November 2016. Supported by four singles, including the Billboard Hot 100 number one "Work", the album peaked atop the Billboard 200 and is the first album by a black woman to spend 200 weeks on the chart. The Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified it triple platinum. Anti also topped charts in Canada and Norway, and peaked in the top five on charts in such European countries as Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland.

Background

Following the release of Rihanna's seventh studio album, Unapologetic (2012), and its accompanying tour, the singer aimed to take a hiatus from recording music. She stated, "I wanted to have a year to just do whatever I want artistically, creatively." However, the hiatus did not last long and after a week she returned to the studio.[1] During the initial writing and development of the album, Rihanna wasn't sure how she wanted Anti to sound. Ultimately, she decided she wanted "honest" music and a body of work that reflected and represented her at that time. Nevertheless, the singer stated that during the recording process she was evolving and she didn't have the answer of who she was at that point. According to her, she was feeling disconnected from her emotions and "numb" during the album's conception.[2] During her creative struggle, Rihanna rented a house in Malibu over a couple of months and started extensively writing and composing music with her team consisting of various musicians.[3] Reflecting on this Rihanna stated:

It was in that moment that I trusted myself, trusted my ear, trusted my gut, trusted the way that my music made me feel. I had no idea how it would be received, neither was that something I considered. I just wanted to make a body of work that felt right![3]

In May 2014, it was announced that Rihanna had left Def Jam Recordings to sign fully with her manager Jay-Z's company Roc Nation, and later revealed she had acquired the masters to all her recordings and would be releasing her eighth studio album jointly through her own record label Westbury Road and Roc Nation.[4][5] On 8 February 2015, during his Grammy Awards red carpet interview, American rapper Kanye West announced that he will be the executive producer of Anti.[6] However, in January 2016, in a Twitter reply message to a fan, Rihanna wrote that West is no longer executive producer of the album and both of them are working on different projects.[7] Instead, Rihanna herself served as the executive producer of Anti and worked with several producers.[8]

Writing and recording

The album's recording sessions took place at various studios including the Jungle City Studios in New York City, Westlake Recording Studios, Sandra Gale Studios and Windmark Recording Studios in Los Angeles, SOTA Studios in Toronto and Twin Studios in Paris.[8] Most of the songs were recorded at the Westlake Recording Studios.[8] Songwriter Bibi Bourelly had been working with producer Paperboy Fabe, who arranged a session with West. The result was the song "Higher". Later, Rihanna and James Fauntleroy also contributed to the song writing. "Higher" was recorded in the early morning hours while Rihanna was under the influence of alcohol. "We just said, 'You know what? Let's just drink some whiskey and record this song.'"[9] The song was described by Rihanna as "a drunk voice mail".[2] Rihanna and Fauntleroy also collaborated on three other songs – "Desperado", "Close to You," and "James Joint". The latter was written with Rihanna and Shea Taylor, who wrote the song in less than 30 minutes, while "Close To You" was written after producer Brian Kennedy sent Fauntleroy a piano music sample.[10]

"Desperado" was written by Mick Shultz and Rook Monroe. After visiting Rihanna's home, Shultz was contacted a week later by the singer's team who stated that she really liked the record. Rihanna, Fauntleroy and Kuk Harrell, were all later involved in the song's development, production and recording.[11] In the summer of 2015, songwriter and producer Rupert Thomas together with Allen Ritter and Boi-1da among others, stayed at Canadian rapper's Drake house in Los Angeles for several days. During the time, the lead single, "Work" was conceived.[12] Thomas created the beat and played it for Boi-1da to which he positively responded. Boi-1da came up with the idea for sampling an "old school dancehall rhythm" after the chords were made. When the song's music was finished, Boi-1da sent it to PartyNextDoor who wrote the lyrics.[12]

The Jungle City Studios in New York City served as one of the various recording locations.

Two songs each were recorded at Jungle City Studios in New York City and Windmark Recording Studios in Los Angeles.[8] The studio sessions at Jungle City produced the opening track "Consideration" and "Kiss It Better". Rihanna stated when recording "Consideration", she felt a connection to it, stating the song captured the sound and attitude she was aiming for.[2] The recording sessions at Windmark Recording Studios produced the songs "Never Ending" and "Love on the Brain". The former was written by Chad Sabo during his time in California, where Sabo was playing with the band Basic Vacation. Sabo was in the band's van and began to write the intro riff that would become "Never Ending". Shortly after, he took the song home and attempted to bring the song together using a digital 8-track studio. He later worked on the song's lyrics and posted it onto the internet. The writing process of "Never Ending" began in November 2013, and started again in April 2014 at which time Rihanna became interested in the track and wanted to record it. English singer-songwriter Dido co-wrote it.[13]

The only song which was recorded outside of the United States was "Same Ol' Mistakes"; the track was recorded at the Twin Studios in Paris.[8] Rihanna's team contacted Tame Impala's management and informed them that Rihanna loved the band's song "New Person, Same Old Mistakes" and asked if she could re-record the track for Anti. The song's writer, Kevin Parker, agreed and gave Rihanna permission to record the song. After hearing Rihanna's version, Parker stated, "We're all really happy with how the song turned out, love it!".[14]

Vocal production

American vocal producer Kuk Harrell did the complete vocal production on Anti.

American vocal producer Kuk Harrell, who has been working with Rihanna since 2007, stated that for Anti, Rihanna was creatively more involved in the making process. Harrell stated that she aimed to push the album in the direction she envisioned. The producer stated his attempt to move away from mainstream pop music when producing the album's vocals, "Every record that everybody does is a record that somebody else could've done, if that makes sense. It's so awesome that she just stepped out and was courageous enough to stick to that and be that and do that."[15]

Harrell noted that with the production of Anti Rihanna was far more meticulous about what she wanted each individual line to sound like. He stated that he attempted to work quickly when producing the album, however Rihanna wanted to constantly improve the album's quality stating "Listen, let's up the quality level. Let's make sure we have the emotion, and make sure it's a masterpiece." Harrell stated that when he and Rihanna had previously worked together they aimed to make a great body of work, however on Anti they aimed to create a "masterpiece".[15] When discussing his and Rihanna's mindset during the album's production Harrell stated:

Rihanna album [Anti], because it is such a body of work. The whole mind-set. The records that stick out for me the most are when we went into it thinking, "Let's just do great work. Let's not chase radio. We're not trying to get radio hits. We're not trying to make sure that we can have a song that anybody could sing." So that's what Anti is. Let's just do good work, because we love doing what we do, and we get to make music to it.[15]

Speaking of the album's production and style, Harrell stated that artists such as Rihanna have been taking a stance and stepping away from the popular music of the time and the expectations of her label, directors, and radio, stating, "I don't want to make what everybody else is making. I want to make what I want to make. I know my fans will love it because my fans are loyal to me, but if everybody else loves it, great. If they don't, at least I know, as an artist, I've done what I want to do."[15] Anti was engineered by Nathaniel Alford, Chris Godbey, Harrell, Blake Mares, Daniela Rivera and Marcos Tovar. The album was finally mastered by Chris Gehringer at Sterling Sound, in New York City.[8]

Composition

Music and lyrics

On Anti, all of the focus is on that voice and her appealingly wayward personality, singing about sex, love, drugs, desire and frustration as if her life depends on it. Without all the practised song-craft that usually knock the wind out of listeners, what she has come up with is atmospheric, sexy and strangely disturbed, tapping into the kind of distorted beats and chilled tempos that burble through progressive hip hop.

 — Neil McCormick, discussing the album's musical and vocal style[16]

During the album's recording Rihanna aimed to create a record to have "soulful" and "aggressive" sounds in the musical, lyrical and vocal context.[17] During a press conference in early 2014, Rihanna told MTV News that she aimed to depart from the musical style of her previous releases, which she described as being "big songs". Rihanna continued to state that with Anti she wanted to focus on music that "felt real" and soulful and would be timeless.[18] She also stated that she wanted to record songs that are "timeless" and that she could perform 15 years later. "Not any songs that were burnt out. I find that when I get on stage now, I don't want to perform a lot of my songs. They don't feel like me."[18]

Anti abandons the well-known radio-friendly dance-pop production of Rihanna's previous hit singles.[19][20] It is a genre-spanning record[21] consisting of pop and dancehall tunes[22][23] with elements of soul music.[24] According to Billboard, the album belongs to "the weeded-out, hazy spectrum of rap and alt-R&B".[25] Lindsay Zoladz of Vulture coined the term "industrial dancehall" as the most appropriate to describe Anti.[21] Ben Rayner of The Toronto Star stated the album is divided into two halves; the first consisting of "futuristic robo-R&B", while the second half contains "a more organic breed of soul".[24] The album's production has been characterized as being dark, sparsely layered,[26] bouncy, with lo-fi bass, old school styles,[23] downtempo moodiness and electro-soul minimalism.[24] The bass-heavy production of Anti's midsection ("Needed Me", "Woo", "Yeah, I Said It") evokes popular hip hop and R&B genres.[20] Analyzing its sound a year after its release, Da'Shan Smith of Billboard noted the album's present underscoring of trap.[27]

The album's lyrical content predominantly touches upon themes of relationships, exploring what it means to be in love, to get hurt, to need someone, and to be true to yourself.[26] The theme of relationships is picked up in numerous songs; "Kiss It Better" sees Rihanna questioning how far an ex-lover will go to get her back; in "Woo", Rihanna turns spiteful, stating she does not care for her ex-partner, while "Never Ending" features Rihanna admitting she would like to be in love again.[26] The album's themes were also noted as being unapologetic, with an uncaring attitude, and self-assurance.[23]

Songs

Anti opens with "Consideration", a dub-inspired song. The song contains a "glitchy" production and features guest vocals from singer-songwriter SZA.[28] Neil McCormick of The Telegraph, thought the song is Rihanna turning her back on record labels and their expectations, in the line "I got to do things my own way darling".[29] "James Joint" is a neo-soul song that contains "keyboards built over rising bass riffs that create a thickly textured groove." The song was compared to the work of Stevie Wonder, due to the use of a harmonica.[30] "Kiss It Better" is a pop power ballad inspired by the music of the '80s and '90s.[28] Built over deep synths the track features an electric guitar and lyrics that focus on a destructive relationship that the singer knows is wrong for her, but one she finds irresistible.[16][31] "Work", which features Canadian rapper Drake, is a reggae-pop song[32] with a "percolating beat, sinuous synth lines, and vocal samples stretched and pulled in a way that recalls Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis's production work on Janet Jackson's 1997 album The Velvet Rope."[33] "Desperado" is a moody, trap-country song containing a "mid-tempo groove, bell ringing and shuddering drums, along with deep synths and vocal samples."[16]

"Same Ol' Mistakes" is a cover version of "New Person, Same Old Mistakes" (2015) performed by Tame Impala, written by Kevin Parker.

The sixth track "Woo" opens with "two jarring, atonal guitar chords repeated along with small, trap-influenced percussion, over a basic riff."[31] It was compared to the work of Kanye West due to its slow stomping, distortion, and lack of melody and groove.[16] "Needed Me" is a downtempo song, with small elements of electro bubble, synthetic sounds, and a loose, casual vocal that discusses romantic rejection, while the following song "Yeah, I Said It" continues the trend of containing a slowed down groove.[16] "Same Ol' Mistakes" is a cover version of "New Person, Same Old Mistakes" (2015) performed by Tame Impala. The song contains the same production as the original, featuring a "fluid sound, with elements of psychedelic, hip-hop and pop-rock genres, along with a slow, dreamy, psychedelic synth groove."[16] "Never Ending" is a guitar-led song, with elements of country music, organic melodies and backing vocals.[34]

"Love on the Brain" is a mid-tempo '50s inspired doo-wop ballad "that features a guitar arpeggio, swirling organ, simple chord progression and backing vocals".[16][31] Rihanna's vocals on the track were noted as being acrobatic and ranging from her "trademark snarl", to high notes, with dark lyrics that depict a destructive, yet addictive relationship.[31][34] "Higher" is a love song that has a woozy production that contains lyrics about Rihanna's feelings towards her lover whilst she is under the influence of drugs and alcohol.[16] "Close to You" is a slow piano ballad, which is sung in a jazz style.[16] The deluxe version of Anti contains three more songs. The first is "Goodnight Gotham", which contains an interpolation of "Only If for a Night" (2011) performed by Florence and the Machine and hears Rihanna singing along with the "looping" sample.[35] The following track "Pose" features a grimy beat, along with the singer aggressively boasting about her riches.[35] "Sex with Me" contains dreamy production which hears Rihanna talking about her beauty, "before closing with a trippy blend of vocals."[35]

Title and packaging

If They Let Us

"I sometimes fear that I am misunderstood.
It is simply because what I want to say,
what I need to say, won't be heard.
Heard in a way I so rightfully deserve.
What I choose to say is of so much substance
That people just won't understand the depth of my message.
So my voice is not my weakness,
It is the opposite of what others are afraid of.
My voice is my suit and armor,
My shield, and all that I am.
I will comfortably breathe in it, until I find the moment to be silent.
I live loudly in my mind, so many hours of the day.
The world is pin drop sound compared to the boom
That thumps and bumps against the walls of my cranium.
I live it and love it and despise it and I am entrapped in it.
So being misunderstood, I am not offended by the gesture, but honored.
If they let us..."

—Rihanna and Chloe Mitchell, a reading of the album's artwork poem[36]

On 7 October 2015, Rihanna held a private viewing for fans and press at Los Angeles' MAMA Gallery, where she debuted the album's official artwork and title. Initially thought to have been entitled R8, Rihanna announced the official title during the album's cover art release, revealing the album would be called ANTI. The exhibition included a piece of art which defined the album's title, stating that anti is "a person opposed to a particular policy, activity or idea."[37] Following the exhibition, Rihanna took to social media to confirm the album's title along with an explanation of its meaning. The explanation stated, "By continuing to follow her own instincts, her work strives to make an impact by doing the very antithesis of what the public expects."[38]

The artwork was designed by Israeli artist Roy Nachum, and was described by Rihanna as her "favorite album cover".[39] The album's front cover shows an image of Rihanna, which was taken on her first day of day care,[40] holding a black balloon, with a gold crown covering her eyes; the majority of the artwork is black and white with a "smattering" of red paint.[39] Speaking about the cover art's concept, Nachum stated that he painted a young Rihanna to represent her "bringing something new" to music.[41]

Over the red, black, and white canvas, there is a poem written in Braille by poet Chloe Mitchell. Speaking on her choice to use the language, Rihanna commented, "Sometimes the ones who have sight are the blindest."[39] During the cover's designing stage, Rihanna met with Mitchell, in which they "drank" and came up with a poem that would be used for the artwork and liner notes entitled If They Let Us.[36] Mitchell explained the poem and its meaning to Rolling Stone magazine, stating it was about being misunderstood, but still being able to stand out while doing what is right for you. She further said that the poem speaks about not conforming to society and being a leader as well as accepting that being misunderstood is a positive thing.[41]

At the gallery, the album's back cover, along with multiple inside album artworks were revealed. The album's back cover features the same image this time from behind.[42] The seven pieces of artwork were all named and featured a poem written by Mitchell or Nachum, the front and back covers were titled "If They Let Us Part I" and "If They Let Us Part II" and featured a poem that was split over the front and back. Another piece entitled "If They Let Us" was commissioned and featured the full reading of the poem.[43] The inside booklet contains a further five pieces entitled "Fire Part I", "Fire Part II", "Fire Part III" and "R".[43] Billboard ranked the artwork as one of the best covers of the albums released in 2016 and wrote, "What's black and white and red all over? One of the most intoxicating albums of any genre in 2016, with an equally indelible lead image to match."[44]

Singles

"Work" featuring Canadian rapper Drake was released on 27 January 2016, hours before the Tidal release of Anti. Rihanna stated on Twitter that the song is the "first single" from her album.[45] "Work" debuted at number nine on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. It became Rihanna's 27th top ten hit. With this feat, Rihanna tied Mariah Carey, Janet Jackson and Elton John as the artists with fifth-most top ten songs on the chart.[46] The singer reached 27 top ten singles on the Hot 100 in a span of 10 years and eight months between her first song, "Pon de Replay" and "Work" and became the fastest solo artist to reach the plateau.[47] In its fourth week, "Work" peaked at number one on the Hot 100 chart and became Rihanna's fourteenth number-one song in the United States and the 1,052nd number-one single on the chart overall. Subsequently, she became the artist with the fourth-most number-one songs on the chart following The Beatles with 20 and Carey and Elvis Presley with 18. She broke a tie with Michael Jackson, who had reached 13 chart-toppers on the Billboard Hot 100.[48]

On 29 March 2016, Rihanna announced that "Needed Me" and "Kiss It Better" would both be serviced to radio the following day as the album's second and third singles.[49] "Needed Me" saw far greater success becoming Rihanna's 28th top ten single on the Hot 100, tying her with Stevie Wonder for fourth place as the acts with the most top tens in Billboard history.[50] It notably became her longest charting Hot 100 hit, surpassing the 41-week run of "We Found Love".[51] "Kiss It Better" was a moderate success charting at the lower end of the US Billboard Hot 100, initially released as the promotional focus at pop radio, "Kiss It Better" reached as far as number twenty-four on the Pop Songs chart, leading Roc Nation to release "Needed Me"—an initially "urban radio priority"—to pop radio as well, due to its success.[52]

On 21 August 2016, Rihanna announced via her Instagram account that "Love on the Brain" will be the next single. Prior to being announced as a single, "Love on the Brain" debuted on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs at number 30 and charted on the Billboard Hot 100, debuting at number 83.[53] After being released as a single, the song re-entered the Billboard Hot 100 chart at number 80.[54] The song peaked at number five, becoming the third top ten single from Anti, as well as her twenty-second top five hit.[55]

Release and promotion

In November 2014, Rihanna announced, that her album should come out "very soon".[56] "FourFiveSeconds", featuring Kanye West and Paul McCartney, was released on 24 January 2015.[57] Two months later she released "Bitch Better Have My Money", on 29 March.[58] Another song entitled "American Oxygen" debuted on Tidal on 5 April 2015.[59][60] Rihanna also posted an interlude entitled "James Joint" in its entirety from the upcoming album on her website on 21 April 2015, as a "celebration of 420".[61] In October 2015, it was revealed that Rihanna had acquired the masters to all her recordings and would be releasing Anti jointly through her own record label Westbury Road and Roc Nation.[5]

In November 2015, it was announced that Rihanna had signed a $25 million contract with Samsung to not only promote the Galaxy line of products, but to also sponsor the release of Anti and its supporting tour.[62] On 19 November 2015, Rihanna and Samsung released a 16-second cryptic video for Anti, launching a website for Rihanna's forthcoming album entitled "ANTIdiaRy". Upon launch, the mobile-only site gave messages, such as "She's waiting for you. Are you in?" and "Be patient and keep your eyes open".[63] The website then proceeded to launch eight "rooms" over the following 9 weeks, each loosely corresponding to her previous albums, detailing her personal life over the course of her career and including clues from Anti.[64] In the same month, she canceled her performance at the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show to finish work on Anti.[65]

The Anti World Tour was announced on 23 November 2015.[66] The Samsung-sponsored tour started in March 2016 and ended in November 2016, with Travis Scott supporting in North America, and Big Sean supporting at selected European dates.[62][67] The album leaked onto the internet in its entirety on 27 January 2016, after it was released prematurely on music streaming service Tidal.[68] Also through Tidal, one million copies of the album were made available for free download via Samsung, regardless of whether a listener is a Tidal subscriber or not.[69][70] The album was released officially worldwide on online stores, like iTunes, two days later.[71]

Critical reception

Professional ratings
Aggregate scores
SourceRating
AnyDecentMusic?6.7/10[72]
Metacritic73/100[73]
Review scores
SourceRating
AllMusic5/5 stars[74]
The Daily Telegraph3/5 stars[75]
Entertainment WeeklyA−[76]
The Guardian3/5 stars[77]
The Independent4/5 stars[23]
NME3/5[78]
Pitchfork7.7/10[22]
Rolling Stone4/5 stars[79]
Spin7/10[80]
ViceA[81]

Anti received generally positive reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, the album received an average score of 73, based on 31 reviews.[73] Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic called it a "subdued, simmering affair" proving Rihanna could be "unguarded and anti-commercial, resulting in her most compelling record to date".[74] Pitchfork journalist Amanda Petrusich called Anti a "rich and conflicted record at its most interesting when it's at its most idiosyncratic",[22] while Rolling Stone's Brittany Spanos said that Rihanna had remade pop music on her own terms with "a sprawling masterpiece of psychedelic soul that's far more straightforward than its tangled rollout".[79]

In the Los Angeles Times, Mikael Wood argued that Anti was the singer's most experimental album yet and "remarkably tender at points", highlighting "Kiss It Better" and the "radical vulnerability" of the ballads near the end.[82] Writing for The Independent, Emily Jupp found the record abundant with Rihanna's self-confidence and underrated singing, disproving "anyone who ever said her voice could only do certain things and showing them she can do anything she wants to."[23] Jia Tolentino of Spin viewed it as her first "aesthetically personal album" while praising Harrell's vocal production and the singing as "extraordinary", highlighting the tone and roundness of Rihanna's vocals.[80] Robert Christgau reviewed the deluxe edition in his blog for Vice, praising "Work", "Love on the Brain", and the bonus tracks and called Anti "her best album for a reason so simple it's tautological—despite its supposed rejection of track-and-hook mechanics, it features catchier songs."[81]

Neil McCormick believed otherwise in The Daily Telegraph, finding Anti more dependent on mood and texture rather than "the practised song-craft that usually knock the wind out of listeners".[75] NME critic Emily Mackay also felt the album lacked an obvious hit,[78] while Jon Caramanica from The New York Times described it as a "chaotic and scattershot album, not the product of a committed artistic vision, or even an appealingly freeform aesthetic, but rather an amalgam of approaches, tones, styles and moods".[83] In The Guardian, lead critic Alexis Petridis deemed Anti "sprawling, uneven and opaque", but "at its best, its daring pays off."[77] Sal Cinquemani from Slant Magazine was more critical and believed "the ultimate impression the album leaves isn't just that of an artist who failed to follow through on her vision, but who never bothered to conceive one in the first place."[84]

Accolades

Anti won the award for Favorite Soul/R&B Album at the 2016 American Music Awards.[85] The record received a nomination for Top R&B Album at the 2016 and 2017 Billboard Music Awards[86] and was also nominated for Best Urban Contemporary Album and Best Recording Package at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards.[87] Prior to the Grammy nominations announcement, media outlets predicted that Anti would be nominated for Album of the Year; following the announcement reporters were surprised and felt that the album had been "snubbed".[88][89] Fellow musicians also believed that the album should have been nominated, with Chance the Rapper stating that the album was "underrated".[90] Apart from Anti's nominations, several songs from it were also nominated including "Work" for Record of the Year and Best Pop Duo/Group Performance, "Needed Me" for Best R&B Performance and "Kiss It Better" for Best R&B Song.[91] At the 2017 iHeartRadio Music Awards Anti received the award for 'R&B Album of the Year'.[92]

According to Metacritic, it was the 12th most prominently ranked album of 2016.[93] NME considered it the 40th best album of the year.[94] On their list of 50 Best Albums of 2016, Rolling Stone placed the album at number 25 and wrote, "Rihanna's long-simmering eighth album brought together stinging songs that showcased the pop provocateur's ever-widening range, both stylistically and vocally."[95] The Independent's Roisin O'Connor ranked the album at number 15 out of 20 music releases of 2016 and wrote, "Anti was the moment Rihanna finally asserted herself as an album artist, after reigning as queen of the singles charts for so many years."[96] The Billboard Staff placed the album at number 11 on their list 50 Best Albums of 2016.[97] Jamieson Cox of Time ranked the record at number seven on their list The Top 10 Best Albums for 2016 and wrote, "Rihanna might be the most charismatic person on the planet, and Anti is her first album to recognize that said charisma is her greatest strength."[98] Christgau ranked its deluxe version as the second best album of the year in his ballot for The Village Voice's annual Pazz & Jop critics poll.[99]

Lewis Corner of Digital Spy ranked the album at number seven on his list of 20 best albums of 2016.[100] Same as Corner, Harriet Gibsone of The Guardian also ranked the album at number seven deeming it as one of the "messiest album releases", but also a record that show that Rihanna is one of the greatest music rock stars.[101] In their mid-year report, Entertainment Weekly placed Anti at number four on the list of The 25 best albums of 2016. For the publication, Leah Greenblatt wrote, "Anti's wild, woozy R&B easily earned 24-karat status all on its own."[102] On their final Best Albums of 2016 list, the publication ranked the album at number three and called it "The Emancipation of RiRi", a reference to Mariah Carey's tenth studio album, The Emancipation of Mimi.[103] Rap-Up additionally placed it at number three on their list of 20 Best Albums of 2016. Fuse ranked Anti at number one on their list The 20 Best Albums of 2016, highlighting the sounds of the album, Rihanna's vocals and the celebration of womanhood.[104] The Fader recognized the release as one of the 24 Albums That Made Albums Matter Again in 2016 and included four songs of the album in their "The Best Songs of 2016" list: "Sex with Me" at number one, "Work" at number 16, "Higher" at number 36 and "Needed Me" at 51.[105][106] According to Metacritic, Anti was the eighth most mentioned album on the Best of the Decade Top 10 Album lists.[107] Some of the publications ranking the album as one of the best of the 2010s decade are:

Decade-end lists
Publication List Rank Ref.
The A.V. Club The 50 Best Albums of the 2010s
48
Billboard The 100 Greatest Albums of the 2010s
7
Consequence of Sound The 100 Top Albums of the 2010s
81
The Guardian The 100 Best Albums of the 21st Century (2000–2019)
99
The Independent The 50 Best Albums of the Decade
20
NME The 100 Best Albums of the 2010s
7
Paste The 100 Best Albums of the 2010s
35
Pitchfork The 200 Best Albums of the 2010s
12
Rolling Stone The 100 Best Albums of the 2010s
25
SPIN The 101 Best Albums of the 2010s
1

Commercial performance

In the United States, the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) certified Anti platinum denoting one million copies sold two days after its release, brought by Samsung purchasing one million copies and giving them away as a free download, as part of the November 2015 deal.[118] The album debuted at number 27 on the Billboard 200 chart dated 13 February 2016.[119] Despite its first-week sales of 1.4 million downloads, Billboard did not recognize free album sales via promotions.[120][121] According to data provider Nielsen SoundScan for Billboard, recognized first-week of Anti included 4.7 million streams and 126,000 digital songs.[119] The following week, the album topped the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and the Billboard 200, marking Rihanna's second number one on the latter.[122]

Anti peaked atop the Billboard 200 for two non-consecutive weeks, claiming the top spot on the chart week ending 2 April 2016.[123] The same week, its lead single "Work" topped the Billboard Hot 100, marking Rihanna's second time to top both the Billboard 200 and Hot 100 charts; Unapologetic and "Diamonds" topped the charts in December 2012.[124] According to Nielsen SoundScan, Anti was the ninth-best-selling album and the fourth-most-consumed album of 2016 in the United States, amassing 603,000 pure sales, 4.195 million song downloads, and over 1.4 billion streams.[125] By December 2019, the album became the first album by a black female musician to spend 200 weeks on the Billboard 200.[126] The RIAA certified Anti triple platinum, marking three million album-equivalent units based on sales and streaming.[127]

Anti topped the albums charts in Canada and Norway.[128][129] In the United Kingdom, the album peaked at number seven on the UK Albums Chart and number one on the UK R&B Chart;[130] the British Phonographic Industry (BPI) certified it platinum for surpassing 300,000 units.[131] The album peaked within the top five of albums charts in many European countries, reaching number two in Ireland,[132] Sweden[133] and Switzerland;[134] number three in Denmark,[135] Germany[136] and the Netherlands;[137] number four in Greece[138] and Spain;[139] and number five in the Czech Republic[140] and Finland.[141] It received multi-platinum certifications in France (double platinum)[142] and Denmark (triple platinum).[143] Anti was the most-streamed album by a female artist on Spotify of 2016 worldwide.[144] According to the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI), it sold over one million copies worldwide in 2016.[145] By January 2021, Anti had sold 11 million album-equivalent units worldwide.[146]

Impact

Doreen St. Félix of MTV News stated that Anti was a "rock-star" album and was noted as a "banner for heterogeneity in R&B — the real range of it," continuing to state that in the early 2010s EDM was the popular genre. St. Félix stated in a more in-depth review that "Anti could even change with the seasons, depending on which tracks you chose to listen to."[147] Alexis Petridis of The Guardian stated that R&B was in a "golden age" and 2016 "was its most potent year yet". Petridis stated that artists such as Rihanna pushed the genre's "boundaries", noting that Anti was "sprawling, exploratory and opaque".[148] The album's commercial performance, especially its streaming performance, was noted as helping R&B "flourish" again, along with Drake and Kanye West. Rihanna was cited as the second most streamed artist of 2016 overall, earning 795 million streams by June and was named the most streamed female of 2016 and 2017 by Spotify.[149][150] Anti produced eight songs that topped the Billboard Dance Club Songs chart — "Work", "Kiss It Better", "Needed Me", "Love on the Brain", "Sex with Me", "Pose", "Desperado" and "Consideration" — surpassing Katy Perry's Teenage Dream (2010) as the album with the most number-one songs on that chart.[151][152]

Rolling Stone's journalist Brittany Spanos stated that Rihanna was one of three black women, alongside Beyoncé and Solange, who "radicalized Pop in 2016". In an in-depth review, Spanos stated "the album is a startlingly direct statement from a black female pop star, one that many are not afforded the opportunity to express. In the media, black women are often cast as either jezebels or mammies – oversexed or undersexed with no choice as to how they are received. Rihanna's resistance to typecasting and her positive affirmation of her sexual agency made her the year's slyest rebel, a maverick living life as she pleases."[153] Taj Rani of Billboard stated "Work" has brought the genre of dancehall to the forefront of American music, as it became the first dancehall song to top the Billboard Hot 100 since Sean Paul's "Temperature" reached the feat in 2006. She opined the song is a prime example of "an unapologetic black woman proudly showing her heritage at a time when our politics are dominated by #BlackLivesMatter and Donald Trump's racist, xenophobic and misogynistic tirades."[154] Da'Shan Smith of Billboard stated "Love on the Brain" became the most subtly influential pop single of 2017, as the music industry experienced "a prominent surge of retro-harkening balladry, across different musical genres", following the success of this song on pop radio; which he described as "a rare find today, because traditional R&B's presence on the format is an oddity."[155]

Marilyn Manson cited Anti as an influence on his band's album Heaven Upside Down, saying: "Strangely enough, one of the records that influenced this album strongly, and it can't be taken literally, is Rihanna, her last record. That one song, 'Love on the Brain', it really hit me because I saw her perform it and she just... meant it."[156] Album track "Higher" inspired the song "Liability" from New Zealand singer Lorde's second album Melodrama (2017), when Lorde was reportedly "moved to tears" listening to "Higher" and this helped her to write "Liability".[157] Contemporary artist Awol Erizku created a series of pieces inspired by musicians, one of the pieces was titled, "Same Ol' Mistakes," inspired by the song of the same name from the album Anti. Referencing one of Rihanna's logos, Erizku spoke of how the song inspired his artwork, stating: "I always thought that logo was really funny. It's one aspect of pop culture that I thought fit in my world, Rihanna is a voice of our generation, one of our ideals of beauty. You can see these two things co-existing in the same environment."[158] In 2020, Rolling Stone ranked Anti at number 230 on their The 500 Greatest Albums of All Time list.[159]

Track listing

Credits adapted from Rihanna's official website.[8]

No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
1."Consideration" (featuring SZA)
  • Solana Rowe
  • Tyran Donaldson
  • Robyn Fenty
2:41
2."James Joint"1:12
3."Kiss It Better"
  • Bhasker
  • Glass John[b]
  • Harrell[c]
4:13
4."Work" (featuring Drake)3:39
5."Desperado"
  • Krystin "Rook Monroe" Watkins
  • Mick Schultz
  • Fenty
  • Fauntleroy
  • Derrus Rachel
  • Schultz
  • Harrell[c]
3:06
6."Woo"
  • Hit-Boy
  • Travis Scott[b]
  • Harrell[c]
3:55
7."Needed Me"
3:11
8."Yeah, I Said It"
  • Timbaland
  • Fade Majah
  • Jones
  • Harrell[c]
2:13
9."Same Ol' Mistakes"
  • Parker
  • Harrell[c]
6:37
10."Never Ending"
  • Paul Herman
  • Chad Sabo
  • Fenty
  • Dido Armstrong
3:22
11."Love on the Brain"
3:44
12."Higher"
2:00
13."Close to You"
3:43
Total length:43:36
Deluxe edition bonus tracks[160]
No.TitleWriter(s)Producer(s)Length
14."Goodnight Gotham"
  • Mitus
  • Harrell[c]
1:28
15."Pose"
  • Hollis
  • B. Bourelly
  • Fenty
  • Webster
2:24
16."Sex with Me"
  • Braithwaite
  • Samuels
  • Feeney
  • Anderson Hernandez
  • Chester Hansen
  • Fenty
3:26
Total length:50:54

Notes

  • ^a signifies a co-producer
  • ^b signifies an additional producer
  • ^c signifies a vocal producer
  • "Work" features additional vocals by PartyNextDoor.
  • "Desperado" features additional background vocals by James Fauntleroy.
  • "Woo" features additional vocals by Travis Scott.

Sample credits

  • "Work" contains an interpolation of "If You Were Here Tonight" (1985) performed by Alexander O'Neal, written by Monte Moir.
  • "Same Ol' Mistakes" is a cover version of "New Person, Same Old Mistakes" (2015) performed by Tame Impala, written by Kevin Parker.
  • "Never Ending" contains interpolations from the composition "Thank You" (2000) performed by Dido, written by Dido Armstrong and Paul Herman.
  • "Higher" contains elements from "Beside You" (1970) performed by The Soulful Strings, written by Jerry Butler, Kenny Gamble and Leon Huff.
  • "Goodnight Gotham" contains an interpolation of "Only If for a Night" (2011) performed by Florence and the Machine, written by Paul Epworth and Florence Welch.

Personnel

Credits adapted from Rihanna's website.[161]

Performers and musicians

  • Rihanna – vocals and songwriting
  • SZA – vocals (track 1)
  • Drake – vocals (track 4)
  • Joseph Angel – keyboards (track 11), drums (track 11)
  • Fred Ball – keyboards (track 11), drums (track 11)
  • Nuno Bettencourt – guitar (track 3)
  • James Fauntleroy – additional backing vocals (track 5)
  • Brian Kennedy – keyboards (track 13)
  • Carter Lang – organ (track 1), synth bass (track 1)
  • No I.D. – keyboards (track 12)
  • Kevin Parker – all instruments (track 9)
  • PartyNextDoor – additional vocals (track 4)
  • Brian Schultz – bass guitar (track 5)
  • Mick Schultz – guitar (track 5)
  • Travis Scott – additional vocals (track 6)
  • Shea Taylor – keyboards (tracks 1–2)

Production

  • Nathaniel Alford – additional engineering (track 6)
  • Joseph Angel – arrangements (track 11)
  • Fred Ball – production (track 11)
  • Jeff Bhasker – production (track 3)
  • Ray C. Brown, Jr. – assistant (tracks 6, 8, 10, 12–13)
  • Boi-1da – production (tracks 4, 16)
  • Noel Cadastre – recording (track 4), mixing (track 4)
  • Frank Dukes – co-production (tracks 7, 16)
  • DJ Mustard – production (track 7)
  • James Fauntleroy – additional vocal arrangement (track 5)
  • Chris Galland – assistant mixing (tracks 1, 3, 5–7, 9–16)
  • Chris Gehringer – mastering
  • Chris Godbey – additional recording (track 8), mixing (track 8)
  • Stan Greene – music recording (track 10), music mixing (track 10)
  • Kuk Harrell – vocal production, recording (tracks 1–6)
  • Hit-Boy – production (tracks 6, 15)
  • Jeff Jackson – assistant mixing (track 11)
  • Glass John – additional production (track 3)
  • Daniel Jones – production (track 8)
  • Brian Kennedy – production (track 13)
  • Etienne Macor – assistant (track 9)
  • Fade Majah – production (track 8)
  • Blake Mares – assistant (tracks 2–3, 14), additional recording (tracks 7, 16)
  • Manny Marroquin – mixing (tracks 1–7, 9, 11–16)
  • Mitus – production (track 14)
  • Brendan Morawski – assistant (tracks 1, 3)
  • No I.D. – production (track 12)
  • Kevin Parker – production (track 9), music mixing (track 9)
  • Rihanna – executive production
  • Daniela Rivera – additional engineering (track 10)
  • Chad Sabo – production (track 10), music recording (track 10), music mixing (track 10)
  • Ike Schultz – assistant mixing (tracks 3, 5–7, 9–16)
  • Mick Schultz – production (track 5)
  • Travis Scott – additional production (tracks 6, 15)
  • Scum – production (track 1)
  • Noah "40" Shebib – vocal production (track 4), recording (track 4), mixing (track 4)
  • Phil Tan – mixing (track 10)
  • Shea Taylor – production (track 2)
  • Timbaland – production (track 8)
  • Marcos Tovar – recording
  • Twice As Nice – co-production (track 7)
  • Vinylz – additional production (track 16)
  • Thomas Warren – assistant (tracks 4–5, 7, 15–16)
  • Krystin "Rook Monroe" Watkins – additional vocal arrangement (track 5)
  • Chad Wilson – assistant (tracks 10, 16)

Design and management

  • Chloe Mitchell – poetry
  • Roy Nachum – artwork, poetry
  • Ciara Parrdo – creative direction
  • Rihanna – creative direction, poetry

Charts

Certifications

Sales certifications for Anti
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Austria (IFPI Austria)[222] Platinum 15,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[223] Gold 40,000^
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[143] 3× Platinum 60,000double-dagger
France (SNEP)[142] 2× Platinum 200,000double-dagger
Italy (FIMI)[224] Gold 25,000*
Mexico (AMPROFON)[225] Platinum 60,000^
Poland (ZPAV)[226] Platinum 20,000double-dagger
Singapore (RIAS)[227] Gold 5,000*
Sweden (GLF)[228] Gold 20,000double-dagger
United Kingdom (BPI)[131] Platinum 300,000double-dagger
United States (RIAA)[127] 3× Platinum 3,000,000double-dagger

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
double-dagger Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

List of release dates, showing region, formats, label, editions and reference
Region Date Format(s) Label Edition(s) Ref.
Various January 28, 2016 (2016-01-28)
(Tidal exclusive)
Standard [229]
January 29, 2016 (2016-01-29) Digital download [230]
Deluxe [231]
Europe February 5, 2016 (2016-02-05) CD [232]
Japan 10 February 2016 Limited [233]
Turkey 23 February 2016
  • Standard
  • deluxe
[234][235]
Brazil 11 March 2016 Universal Music Brazil [236][237]
United States September 30, 2016 (2016-09-30) Vinyl
  • Westbury Road
  • Roc Nation
Limited [238]

See also

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