Apocarotenoid

Apocarotenoids are organic compounds which occur widely in living organisms. They are derived from carotenoids by oxidative cleavage,^[1] catalyzed by carotenoid oxygenases. Examples include the vitamin A retinoids retinal, retinoic acid, and retinol; and the plant hormone abscisic acid.

References[]

^ Marasco, Erin K.; Vay, Kimleng; Schmidt-Dannert, Claudia (2006). "Identification of Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenases from Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 with Different Cleavage Activities". Journal of Biological Chemistry. ASBMB. 281 (42): 31583–31593. doi:10.1074/jbc.M606299200. PMID 16920703.

[1] Marasco, Erin K.; Vay, Kimleng; Schmidt-Dannert, Claudia (2006). "Identification of Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenases from Nostoc sp. PCC 7120 with Different Cleavage Activities". Journal of Biological Chemistry. ASBMB. 281 (42): 31583–31593. doi:10.1074/jbc.M606299200. PMID 16920703.

[1]

v t Carotenoids
Carotenes (C₄₀)	α-Carotene β-Carotene γ-Carotene δ-Carotene ε-Carotene ζ-Carotene Lycopene Neurosporene Phytoene Phytofluene Torulene
Xanthophylls (C₄₀)	Antheraxanthin Astaxanthin Canthaxanthin Citranaxanthin Cryptoxanthin Diadinoxanthin Diatoxanthin Dinoxanthin Echinenone Flavoxanthin Fucoxanthin Lutein Neoxanthin Rhodoxanthin Rubixanthin Violaxanthin Zeaxanthin
Apocarotenoids (C_<40)	Abscisic acid Apocarotenal Bixin Crocetin Food orange 7 Ionones Peridinin
Vitamin A retinoids (C₂₀)	Retinal Retinoic acid Retinol
Retinoid drugs	Acitretin Alitretinoin Bexarotene Etretinate Fenretinide Isotretinoin Tazarotene Tretinoin