Arab diaspora

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Arab Diaspora
العرب المغتربون
Arab people around the world.svg
Total population
According to the International Organization for Migration, there are 13 million Arab migrants, of whom 5.8 million reside in Arab countries.
Regions with significant populations
 BrazilEstimated 15–20 million with at least partial ancestry[1][2]
 France3.3[3] to 5.5[4] million people of North African (Arab or Berber) descent[5]
 Turkey5,000,000[6][7][8][9][10]
 Indonesia
  • 87,227 Arab Indonesians in 2005 census (officially)[11]
  • Estimated 4–5 million of Arab and partial Arab ancestry (non-official speculations)[12]
 Argentina4,500,000[13]
 United States3,700,000[14]
 Colombia3,200,000[15][16][17]
 Niger2,116,000[18]
 Venezuela1,600,000[19]
 Iran1,500,000[20]
 Mexico1,500,000[21][22]
 Chad1,536,000 (est.)[23]
 Spain1,035,000[24][25]
 Germany1,155,390[26][27]
 Mali950,000[28]
 Chile800,000[29][30][31][32]
 Belgium800,000 (600,000 from Morocco)[citation needed]
 Canada750,925[33]
 Italy680,000[34]
 Australia321,728[35]
 Netherlands480,000–613,800[36]
 Sweden377,616[citation needed]
 Burkina Faso350,000[37]
 Ivory Coast300,000[38]
 Honduras275,000 [39][40]
 Ecuador250,000 [41]
 United KingdomEngland: 230,556 (2011 census)[42]
Wales: 9,989 (2011 census)[42]
Scotland: 9,366 (2011 census)[43]
 Denmark121,000[citation needed]
 El SalvadorMore than 120,000[44][45][46][47][48]
 Japanless than 100,000[49]
 Indiaseveral thousand
Languages
Arabic (mother tongue), French, Italian, Spanish, English, Portuguese, Hebrew, Indonesian, Japanese, German, Turkish, Persian and other languages among others
Religion
Predominantly Christianity in the Americas, Islam in Europe and Asia, but also Druze and irreligion, among others
Related ethnic groups
  • Lebanese diaspora
  • Iraqi diaspora
  • Egyptian diaspora
  • Yemeni diaspora
  • Palestinian diaspora
  • Syrian diaspora
  • Moroccan diaspora
  • Jewish diaspora

Arab diaspora refers to descendants of the Arab emigrants who, voluntarily or as refugees, emigrated from their native lands to non-Arab countries, primarily in Central America, South America, Europe, North America, and parts of Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, and West Africa. In a more specific view, emigrants from Arab countries, such as Sudan or the Palestinian territories, also make up important national groups of their countries' diaspora in other Arab states, such as the Gulf states or Saudi Arabia.

Overview[]

Arab expatriates contribute to the circulation of financial and human capital in the region and thus significantly promote regional development. In 2009 Arab countries received a total of US$35.1 billion in remittance in-flows and remittances sent to Jordan, Egypt and Lebanon from other Arab countries are 40 to 190 per cent higher than trade revenues between these and other Arab countries.[50] Large numbers of Arabs migrated to West Africa, particularly Côte d'Ivoire,[51] Senegal,[52] Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Nigeria.[53] Since the end of the civil war in 2002, Lebanese traders have become re-established in Sierra Leone.[citation needed]

According to Saudi Aramco World, the largest concentration of Arabs outside the Arab World is in Brazil, which has 9 million Brazilians of Arab ancestry.[54] Of these 9 million Arabs, 6 million are of Lebanese ancestry,[55][56][57] making Brazil's population of Lebanese equivalent to that of Lebanon itself. However, these figures are contradicted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), which is the agency responsible for official collection of statistical information in Brazil. According to the 2010 Brazilian census conducted by IBGE, there were only 12,336 Lebanese nationals living in Brazil and other Arab nationalities were so small that they were not even listed.[58] The Brazilian census does not ask about ancestry or family origin. There is a question about nationality and, according to the Brazilian law, any person born in Brazil is a Brazilian national by birth and right for any purpose, nationally or internationally - not an Arab.[59][60] The last Brazilian census to ask about family origin was conducted in 1940. At that time, 107,074 Brazilians said they had a Syrian, Lebanese, Palestinian, Iraqi or Arab father. Native Arabs were 46,105 and naturalized Brazilians were 5,447. In 1940, Brazil had 41,169,321 inhabitants, hence Arabs and their children were 0.38% of Brazil's population in 1940.[61]

Venezuela,[62] Colombia, Mexico and Chile. Palestinians cluster in Chile and Central America, particularly El Salvador, and Honduras.[63] The Palestinian community in Chile[64][65] is the fourth largest in the world after those in Israel, Lebanon, and Jordan. Arab Haitians (a large number of whom live in the capital) are more often than not, concentrated in financial areas where the majority of them establish businesses. In the United States, there are around 3.5 million people of Arab ancestry.[66]

It has been estimated that there are as many as four million Indonesians with at least partial Arab ancestry.[67] They are generally well-integrated socially with Indonesian society, and identify as Indonesians.[68] In the 2010 census, 118,886 people, amounting to 0.05% of the population, identified themselves as being of Arab ethnicity.[69]

Notable people[]

Prominent members of the Arab diaspora include:

Business[]

  • Mohamed Al-Fayed (Egyptian origin), businessman, former owner of London's Harrods and the Ritz Palace in Paris
  • Mohed Altrad (Syrian origin), French billionaire businessman
  • André Apaid (Lebanese origin), high-profile Haitian businessman
  • Nadhmi Auchi (Iraqi origin), businessman, founder and Chairman of General Mediterranean Holdings
  • Mohamed A. El-Erian (Egyptian origin), Egyptian-French-American businessman and asset manager; former CEO of PIMCO and current chief economic adviser at Allianz
  • Charles Elachi (Lebanese origin), Director of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)
  • Miguel Facussé Barjum (Palestinian origin), Honduran businessman and landowner
  • Carlos Ghosn (Lebanese origin), Brazilian-French-Lebanese businessman, former CEO of Renault-Nissan
  • Mohamed Hadid (Palestinian origin), Jordanian-American luxury real estate developer and businessman
  • Nicolas Hayek (Lebanese origin), Swiss-Lebanese American entrepreneur, co-founder, CEO and Chairman of the Board of the Swatch Group
  • Antoine Izméry (Palestinian origin), Former wealthy Haitian businessman and pro-democracy activist
  • Steve Jobs (Syrian origin), American businessman and inventor; Apple Inc co-founder, chairman and CEO
  • George J. Maloof, Sr. (Lebanese origin), American businessman, owner of the Houston Rockets
  • Fredy Nasser (Palestinian origin), Honduran businessman
  • Awadh Saleh Sherman (Yemeni origin), Kenyan businessman
  • Carlos Slim Helú (Lebanese origin), Mexican businessman; listed by Forbes as the richest man in the world

Fashion, beauty[]

  • Azzedine Alaia (Tunisian origin), fashion designer
  • Valerie Domínguez (Lebanese origin), Miss Colombia 2005 winner and Top 10 finalist at Miss Universe 2006
  • Rima Fakih (Lebanese origin), Miss USA 2010 winner from Michigan
  • Bella Hadid (Palestinian origin), American model
  • Gigi Hadid (Palestinian origin), American model
  • Lisa Hanna (Lebanese origin), Miss World 1993 winner from Jamaica
  • Sabrina Houssami (Lebanese origin), Miss World 2006 (2nd runner-up) from Australia
  • Jessica Kahawaty (Lebanese origin), Miss World 2012 (2nd runner-up) from Australia
  • Huda Kattan (Iraqi origin), American make-up artist and cosmetic entrepreneur
  • Hedi Slimane (Tunisian origin), fashion designer and former creative director of Yves Saint-Laurent
  • Paola Turbay (Lebanese origin), Miss Universe 1992 (1st runner-up) from Colombia
  • Paulina Vega (Lebanese origin), Miss Colombia 2013 Miss Universe 2014

Film, television[]

  • Hiba Abouk (Libyan and Tunisian origin), Spanish actress
  • Tige Andrews (Syrian origin), an American character actor
  • Sofia Boutella (Algerian origin), American actress, dancer
  • Abdel Raouf Dafri (Algerian origin), award-winning French director
  • Nora Fatehi (Canadian of Moroccan origin), Indian actress and belly dancer
  • Gad Elmaleh (Moroccan origin), Moroccan-French-Canadian humorist
  • Mina El Hammani (Moroccan origin), Spanish actress
  • Salma Hayek (Lebanese origin), Mexican actress
  • Bader Ben Hirsi (Yemeni origin), award-winning British-Yemeni director
  • Abdellatif Kechiche (Tunisian origin), French film director, actor and screenwriter; Palme d'Or laureate
  • Hoda Kotb (Egyptian origin), American television personality
  • Nawell Madani (Algerian origin), Belgian humorist, presenter and producer
  • Rami Malek (Egyptian origin), American actor
  • Mena Massoud (Egyptian origin), Egyptian-Canadian actor
  • Elyas M'Barek (Tunisian origin), Austrian actor born in Germany
  • Kad Merad (Algerian origin), French comedian, actor, and filmmaker
  • Tahar Rahim (Algerian origin), award-winning French actor
  • Omar Sharif (Egyptian origin), award-winning international actor

Literature / theatre[]

  • Kaouther Adimi, Algerian writer
  • William Peter Blatty (Lebanese origin), American writer
  • Assia Djebar, Algerian writer
  • Kahlil Gibran (Lebanese origin), American poet, writer, artist
  • Amin Maalouf (Lebanese origin), French author
  • David Malouf (Lebanese origin), Australian writer
  • Wajdi Mouawad (Lebanese origin), Canadian writer, actor and director

Media and intellectuals[]

  • Magdi Allam (Egyptian origin), Italian journalist
  • Khadija Benguenna (Algerian origin), Arab TV personality
  • Hala Gorani (Syrian origin), journalist and anchor of CNN's International Desk
  • Casey Kasem (Lebanese origin), American radio personality.
  • Tariq Ramadan (Egyptian origin), Swiss intellectual
  • Edward Saïd (Palestinian origin), US intellectual
  • Léa Salamé (Lebanese origin), French journalist and political commentator

Music[]

  • Salem Al Fakir (Syrian origin), Swedish singer
  • Ali B (Moroccan origin), Dutch rapper
  • Amir (Egyptian origin), Italian rapper
  • Tarak Ben Ammar (Tunisian origin), international movie producer and distributor
  • Nasri Tony Atweh (Palestinian origin), Canadian lead singer of Magic!
  • Malika Ayane (Moroccan origin), Italian singer
  • Bushido (Tunisian origin), German rapper
  • DJ Snake (Algerian origin), French DJ
  • Fredwreck (Palestinian origin), American record producer
  • Ghali (Tunisian origin), Italian rapper
  • Indila (Algerian origin), French singer
  • DJ Khaled (Palestinian origin), American DJ
  • L'Algérino (Algerian origin), French rapper
  • La Fouine (Moroccan origin), French rapper
  • Lowkey (Iraqi origin), British rapper and political activist
  • Fady Maalouf (Lebanese origin), German singer
  • Ibrahim Maalouf (Lebanese origin), French saxophonist
  • Massari (Lebanese origin), Canadian singer
  • RedOne (Moroccan origin), Swedish record producer
  • Natasja Saad (Sudanese origin), Danish rapper and reggae singer
  • Eric Saade (Palestinian Lebanese origin), Swedish singer
  • Kareem Salama (Egyptian origin), American country singer
  • Sarbel (Lebanese origin), Greek singer
  • Shakira (Lebanese origin), Colombian singer
  • Adel Tawil (Egyptian / Tunisian origin), German singer, songwriter and producer
  • Tunisiano (Tunisian origin), French rapper
  • Karl Wolf (Lebanese origin), Canadian pop star
  • Rami Yacoub (Palestinian origin), Swedish record producer
  • Zaho (Algerian origin), Canadian singer
  • Maher Zain (Lebanese origin), Swedish singer

Politics[]

  • Alberto Abdala (Lebanese origin), Vice President of Uruguay
  • Washington Abdala (Lebanese origin), Speaker of the Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay
  • Ali Alatas (Yemeni origin), former Indonesian Foreign Minister
  • Luis Abinader (Lebanese origin), President of the Dominican Republic
  • Geraldo Alckmin (Lebanese origin), politician, Governor of São Paulo state
  • Faris Al-Rawi (Iraqi origin), Attorney General of Trinidad and Tobago
  • Khadija Arib (Moroccan origin), politician, Speaker of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
  • Jacobo Majluta Azar (Lebanese origin), former President of Dominican Republic
  • Najib Balala (Yemeni origin), member of parliament in Kenya
  • Anies Baswedan (Yemeni origin), politician, Governor of Jakarta
  • Yamina Benguigui (Algerian origin), French socialist politician
  • Mohamed Bennouna (Moroccan origin), Diplomat, Jurist and Judge of the International Court of Justice in The Hague since 2006
  • Salvador Jorge Blanco (Syrian origin), former President of Dominican Republic
  • Abdalá Bucaram (Lebanese origin), former President of Ecuador
  • Alberto Dahik (Lebanese origin), former Vice President of Ecuador
  • Rachida Dati (Moroccan-Algerian origin), former French Minister of Justice, current Member of the European Parliament and Mayor of the 7th arrondissement of Paris
  • Tareck El Aissami (father is Syrian Druze and mother is Lebanese), Vice President of Venezuela since January 2017
  • Myriam El Khomri (Moroccan origin), French Minister of Labor
  • Carlos Roberto Flores Facussé (Palestinian origin), former President of Honduras
  • Schafik Handal (Palestinian origin), Salvadoran born FMLN leader
  • Gilberto Kassab (Lebanese origin), former mayor of São Paulo
  • Hasan Kleib (Yemeni origin), politician, current Permanent Representative of the Republic of Indonesia to the United Nations, World Trade Organizations, and Other International Organizations in Geneva
  • Paulo Maluf (Lebanese origin), politician, former mayor of São Paulo city and former governor of São Paulo state in Brazil
  • Carlos Menem (Syrian origin), former President of Argentina
  • Arnaud Montebourg (Algerian origin), politician, former French Minister of the Economy, and candidate for the Socialist Party's presidential nomination
  • Said Musa (Palestinian origin), former Prime Minister of Belize
  • Ralph Nader (Lebanese origin), 2004 US presidential candidate, activist for consumer rights
  • Antonio Saca (Palestinian origin), former President of El Salvador
  • Edward Seaga (Lebanese origin), former Prime Minister of Jamaica
  • Donna Shalala (Lebanese origin), former American Secretary of Health and Human Services
  • Michel Temer (Lebanese origin), politician, 37th President of Brazil
  • Najat Vallaud-Belkacem (Moroccan origin), French Minister of Education, Higher Education, and Research

Sciences[]

  • Michael E. DeBakey (Lebanese origin), American cardiac surgeon
  • Zaha Hadid (Iraqi origin), British architect
  • Elias Zerhouni (Algerian origin), American National Institutes of Health Director

Sports[]

  • Justin Abdelkader (Jordanian origin), American ice hockey player
  • Brahim Asloum (Algerian origin), French professional boxer, Olympic winner
  • Hatem Ben Arfa (Tunisian origin), French professional football player of Paris Saint-Germain F.C.
  • Wissam Ben Yedder (Tunisian origin), French professional football player of Sevilla FC
  • Karim Benzema (Algerian origin), French professional football
  • Migidio Bourifa (Moroccan origin), Italian long-distance runner
  • Robert Farah (Lebanese origin), Colombian tennis player
  • Naseem Hamed (Yemeni origin), also known as Prince Naseem, English professional boxer
  • Nazem Kadri (Lebanese origin), Canadian ice hockey player
  • Sami Khedira (Tunisian origin), midfielder in the German national team
  • Mahiedine Mekhissi (Algerian origin), French runner, International winner
  • Brandon Saad (Syrian origin), American ice hockey player
  • Mário Zagallo (Lebanese origin), Brazilian football coach and former player

Religion[]

  • Sheikh Ali Jaber (Saudi Arabian origin), cleric
  • Habib Munzir (Hadrami descent), leader of Majelis Rasulullah
  • Habib Rizieq (Hadrami descent), leader of FPI

See also[]

References[]

Notes

Citations

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Further reading[]

External links[]

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