Baradla cave

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Baradla cave

UNESCO World Heritage Site
Location	Hungary and Slovakia
Part of	Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst
Criteria	Natural: (viii)
Reference	725ter
Inscription	1995 (19th Session)
Extensions	2000, 2008
Coordinates	48°28′N 20°30′E / 48.467°N 20.500°E / 48.467; 20.500Coordinates: 48°28′N 20°30′E / 48.467°N 20.500°E / 48.467; 20.500
Location of Baradla cave in Hungary Baradla cave (Slovakia) Show map of HungaryShow map of SlovakiaShow all

The Baradla Domica cave system in Hungary is one of the longest researched, visited for centuries for its speleothems. As part of the Aggtelek Karst, the cave system extends more than 25.5 km (25,500 m) and includes the 5.3 km (3.3 mi) Domica cave. The cave has a natural entrance at Aggtelek, at the foot of a high white cliff that overlooks the edge of the village. It has an articulated, meandering main channel 7 km (4.3 mi) long, with a rock tunnel, on average, 10 m (33 ft) wide and 7 to 8 m (23 to 26 ft) high with a few giant caverns. The main branch has several short and long connecting side branches. A significant part of the cave has varied colors and shapes providing an unparalleled spectacle of decorative stalactites. Subterranean river waters run through the main branch at times of flood. Natural entrances to the cave have been open from ancient times, and there are traces of Neolithic occupation.^[1]

The first written mention of the cave dates from 1549. The first survey was conducted in 1794 by Joseph Sartory. In 1825 it was only known to be 1.8 km (1.1 mi) in length. This section was surveyed in 1802 and the first map published. In 1825 the engineer, Imre Vass explored the cave a further 5 km (3.1 mi) along the main branch, producing an accurate map and a description. His work, published in Hungarian and German was published in 1831.^[2]

In order to facilitate cave visits, the first tourist walks were installed in 1806. In 1890 the Red Lake entrances were established and further exploration and extension was conducted between 1927 and 1928.

Baradla, and other caves of the Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst was declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995.^[3] The entire cave system and the catchment areas - with the nearby Domicával wetlands of international importance were subject to protection in 2001 . The Aggtelek National Park is an appealing attraction all year round, popular with visitors, who can choose from several hiking trails.^[4]

Baradla Cave

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