Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union

All-Union Central Executive Committee Всесоюзный Центральный исполнительный комитет
Soviet Union
Type
Type	Bicameral
History
Established	1922
Disbanded	1938
Preceded by	None (creation of a new state)[a]
Succeeded by	Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union
Elections
Soviet of the Union voting system	Election by the All-Union Congress of Soviets
Soviet of Nationalities voting system	Election by the All-Union Congress of Soviets
Meeting place
Kremlin Senate[1]

Politics of the Soviet Union
Leadership Leaders President list Vice President Collective leadership State Council Presidential Council
Communist Party Congress Central Committee History General Secretary Politburo Secretariat Orgburo
Legislature Congress of Soviets (Central Executive Committee) Supreme Soviet Soviet of the Union Soviet of Nationalities Presidium Congress of People's Deputies Speaker 1989 Legislative election
Governance Constitution Official names 1924 1936 1977 Government Ministries State Committees Cabinets Premiership First Deputy Premier Deputy Premier Administrator of Affairs
Judiciary Law Supreme Court Military Collegium People's Court Procurator General
Ideology Soviet democracy Marxism–Leninism Leninism Stalinism Khrushchevism De-Stalinization Perestroika Glasnost
Society Economy Agriculture Consumer goods Five-Year Plan Kosygin reform New Economic Policy Science and technology Era of Stagnation Material balance planning Transport War communism Culture Demographics Education Family Phraseology Religion Repression Censorship Censorship of images Great Purge Gulag system Collectivization Human rights Ideological repression Political abuse of psychiatry Political repression Population transfer Propaganda Suppressed research Red Terror
Soviet Union portal Other countries
v t

The All-Union Central Executive Committee (Russian: Всесоюзный Центральный исполнительный комитет, romanized: Vsesoyuznyy Tsentral'nyy ispolnitel'nyy komitet) was the most authoritative governing body of the USSR during the interims of the sessions of the All-Union Congress of Soviets. Established in 1922 by the First All-Union Congress of Soviets (see Treaty on the Creation of the USSR), in 1938 it was replaced by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of first convocation.

Initially the Committee consisted of four members, after 1925 there were seven. The Kazakh and Kirghiz SSRs were created in 1936 and did not have representatives in the Committee.

Description[]

The Central Executive Committee was created with adaptation of the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR in December of 1922. The Central Executive Committee was elected by the Congress of Soviet to govern on its behalf whenever the Congress of Soviets was not in session. The Central Executive Committee was convened by the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee, which was elected by the Central Executive Committee to govern on its behalf whenever it was not in session.^[2]

By the 1924 Soviet Constitution, the Central Executive Committee comprised two chambers: the Soviet of the Union (delegates elected broadly) and the Soviet of Nationalities (delegates elected regionally). At the constituent republic level there operated a Central Executive Committee in each of the federal republics:

• the All-Russian Central Executive Committee in the RSFSR
• the in the Byelorussian SSR
• the All-Ukrainian Central Executive Committee in the Ukrainian SSR
• the of the Transacaucasian SFSR

Leadership[]

Chairmen[]

The Presidium of the Central Executive Committee consisted of 21 members and included the Presidia of the Soviet of the Union and the Soviet of Nationalities. A representative of each constituent republic (initially four) was elected one of the directors of the presidium.

• Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic: Mikhail Kalinin (December 30, 1922 – January 12, 1938)
• Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic: Grigory Petrovsky (December 30, 1922 – January 12, 1938)
• Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic: Alexander Chervyakov (December 30, 1922 – June 16, 1937)
• Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic:
  • Nariman Narimanov (December 30, 1922 – March 19, 1925)
  • Gazanfar Musabekov (May 21, 1925 – June 1937)

As more entities (usually previously Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics) were promoted to the status of constituent republics of the USSR, they received representation among the directors of the Presidium:

• Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (from 1924): Fayzulla Khodzhayev (May 21, 1925 – June 17, 1937)
• Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (from 1925): Nedirbay Aytakov (May 21, 1925 – 21 July 1937)
• Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic (from 1929):
  • Nusratullo Maksum (March 18, 1931 – January 4, 1934)
  • Abdullo Rakhimbayev (January 4, 1934 – September 1937)

Presidium secretaries[]

• 1922–1935 Avel Yenukidze
• 1935–1937 Ivan Akulov
• 1937–1938 Aleksandr Gorkin

Soviet of the Union chairmen[]

Soviet of Nationalities chairmen[]

• Mykola Skrypnyk

Powers[]

The 1924 Soviet Constitution defined the powers of the CEC as:

• Calling of the Congresses of Soviets
• Election of the Council of the People's Commissars (Sovnarkom)
• Adoption of decrees and legislative acts
• Legislative and administrative actions assigned to it

See also[]

• All-Union Congress of Soviets
• All-Union Council on Physical Culture and Sports

Notes[]

References[]

External links[]

• The highest organs of state power of the USSR (Высшие органы государственной власти СССР).