Cladoxylopsida

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in German. (August 2011) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the German article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 7,745 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Wikipedia article at [[:de:Cladoxylopsida]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|de|Cladoxylopsida}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Cladoxylopsida Temporal range: Middle Devonian to Early Carboniferous PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Wattieza
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Division:	Pteridophyta (?)
Class:	†Cladoxylopsida Novák (1930)
Orders
† † †Iridopteridales †Pseudosporochnales ?†Foozia

Bark (possily from a cladoxylopsid) from the Middle Devonian of Wisconsin

The cladoxylopsids are an extinct group of plants related to ferns and sphenopsids.^[1]

They had a central trunk, from the top of which several lateral branches were attached. Fossils of these plants originate in the Middle Devonian to Early Carboniferous periods (around 390 to 320 million years ago), mostly just as stems.

Cladoxylopsida contains two orders. The order Hyeniales is now included in Pseudosporochnales.^[2]

Intact fossils of the Middle Devonian cladoxylopsid Wattieza show it to have been a tree, the earliest identified in the fossil record as of 2007. In 2019, experts from Cardiff University, UK; Binghamton University and the New York State Museum discovered more fossils of Cladoxylopsida and Archaeopteris in a quarry in Cairo, New York.^[3]

A recent (2017) discovery in Xinjiang in China of early Late Devonian (Frasnian, ca. 374 Ma) silicified fossil cladoxylopsid tree trunks (diameter up to c.70 cm) with preserved cellular anatomy showed an internal arrangement with many xylem bundles in the outer part and none in the interior; each bundle was surrounded by its own cambium layer, by which the tree's trunk widened.^[4][5][6]

References[]

• Stein, William E.; Mannolini, Frank; Hernick, Linda Vanaller; Landing, Ed; Berry, Christopher M. (2007). "Giant cladoxylopsid trees resolve the enigma of the Earth's earliest forest stumps at Gilboa". Nature. 446 (7138): 904–907. Bibcode:2007Natur.446..904S. doi:10.1038/nature05705. PMID 17443185. S2CID 2575688.

External links[]

Media related to Cladoxylopsida at Wikimedia Commons Links with images:

• UC Museum of Paleontology
• https://sites.google.com/site/paleoplant/classification/cladoxylopsid

This fern-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by .

• v
• t