Clymeniida

Clymeniida; Temporal range: Upper Devonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
	Clymenia laevigata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Cephalopoda
Subclass:	†Ammonoidea
Order:	†Clymeniida; Hyatt, 1884
Suborders
	Clymeniina; Cyrtoclymeniina;

Clymeniida is an order of ammonoid cephalopods from the Upper Devonian characterized by having an unusual dorsal siphuncle. They measured about 4 cm (1.6 in) in diameter and are restricted to Europe, North Africa, and possibly Australia.

Morphologic characteristics[]

Clymeniids produced a variety of shells ranging from smooth to ribbed and spinose and from evolute with all whorls exposed to strongly involute with the last whorl covering the previous. Some were even triangular as viewed from the side (along the axis of coiling). With the exception of the first few chambers, all have a siphuncle that runs along the dorsal margin, along the inside of the coils, opposite that of most ammonoids.

The siphuncle starts off ventrally, like that in other ammonoids, but after the first few septa migrates to a definite and stable dorsal position. Septal necks are retrosiphonate, characteristic of their nautiloid ancestors, and are commonly very long, forming an almost continuous siphuncular tube. Septa, characteristic of ammonoids, are convex toward the front.

Classification[]

Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957, in Part L of the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology^[1] included three superfamilies in the Clymeniida, the Gonioclymeniaceae, Clymeniaceae, and Parawocklumeriaceae. The Gonoclymeniaceae unites five families, the Clymeniaceae three. The Parawocklumeraceae was established for a single family, the Parawocklumeriidae.

Saunders, Work, and Nikoleava, 1999,^[2] divided the Clymeniida into two suborders, the Gonioclymeniina and the Clymeniina. The Gonioclymeniina includes the Sellaclymeniaceae with 7 families and 20 genera, the Gonioclyemniacea, containing a single family with six genera, and the Parawocklumeraceae, also containing a single family, but with only three genera. The Clymeniina combines five families with a total of 36 genera into a single superfamily, the Clymeniaceae.

GONIAT Website ^[3] gives two suborders which fall into the Clymeniida. They are the Clymeniina with four superfamilies and Gonioclymeniina, established for a single superfamily. In contrast, Dieter Korn, 2006 divided the Clymeniida into the Clymeniina with superfamilies and families, and Cyrtoclymenia, named by him in 2002. with superfamilies and families.^[4] Shevyrev, 2006 on the other hand divided the Clymeniida into the Clymeniina and Gonioclymeniina, as with GONIAT and Saunders, Work, and Nikolaeva ^[5]

Taxonomy[]

Clymeniida

Suborder Clymeniina Hyatt, 1884
- Superfamily Edwards, 1849
  - Family Clymeniidae Edwards, 1849
    - Genus Aktuboclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1979
    - Genus Clymenia Münster, 1834
  - Family Kosmoclymeniidae Korn and Price, 1987
    - Subfamily Korn and Price, 1987
      - Genus Kosmoclymenia Schindewolf, 1949
      - Genus Korn and Price, 1987
      - Genus Korn and Price, 1987
      - Genus Korn and Price, 1987
    - Subfamily Korn 2002
      - Genus Korn and Price, 1987
      - Genus Schindewolf, 1923
      - Genus Korn, 2002
- Superfamily Hyatt, 1884
  - Family Ruzhencev, 1957
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1920
    - Genus Ansted, 1838
  - Family Hyatt, 1884
    - Genus Price and Korn 1989
    - Genus Gonioclymenia Sepkoski, Jr., 2002
    - Genus Wedekind, 1914
    - Genus Korn, 2002
    - Genus Bogoslovsky, 1981
  - Family Schindewolf, 1923
    - Genus Sepkoski, Jr., 2002
  - Family Korn, 1992
    - Genus Korn, 2002
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1920
- Superfamily [de], 1914
  - Family Schindewolf, 1928
    - Genus Renz, 1914
    - Genus Czarnocki, 1989
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1937
    - Genus Soliclymenia Schindewolf, 1937
  - Family Korn, 1992
    - Genus Bogoslovsky, 1979
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1937
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1923
  - Family Platyclymeniidae Wedekind, 1914
    - Subfamily Korn, 2002
      - Genus Korn, 1999
      - Genus Czarnocki, 1989
      - Genus Lange, 1929
    - Subfamily Wedekind, 1914
      - Genus Korn and Price, 1987
      - Genus Platyclymenia Sepkoski, Jr., 2002
      - Genus Schindewolf, 1937
      - Genus Bogoslovsky, 1962
      - Genus Schindewolf, 1934
      - Genus Wedekind, 1908
    - Subfamily Korn, 2002
      - Genus Korn, 2002
      - Genus Korn, 2002
      - Genus Schindewolf, 1934
      - Genus Schindewolf, 1926
- Superfamily Schindewolf, 1937
  - Family Schindewolf, 1937
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1937
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1926
    - Genus Becker, 2000
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1937
  - Family Schindewolf, 1937
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1937
    - Genus Czarnocki, 1989
    - Genus Librovitch, 1957
    - Genus Wedekind, 1918
Suborder Cyrtoclymeniina Korn, 2002
- Superfamily Biloclymeniaceae Bogoslovsky, 1955
  - Family Biloclymeniidae Bogoslovsky, 1955
    - Genus Biloclymenia Schindewolf, 1923
    - Genus Dimeroclymenia Czarnocki, 1989
    - Genus Kiaclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1965
    - Genus Rhiphaeoclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1965
  - Family Pachyclymeniidae Korn, 1992
    - Genus Pachyclymenia Schindewolf, 1937
    - Genus Uraloclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1977
- Superfamily Cyrtoclymeniaceae Hyatt, 1884
  - Family Carinoclymeniidae Bogoslovsky, 1975
    - Genus Acriclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1975
    - Genus Carinoclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1965
    - Genus Karaclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1983
    - Genus Pinacoclymenia Bogoslovsky, 1975
  - Family Hyatt 1884
    - Subfamily Hyatt, 1884
      - Genus Sepkoski, Jr., 2002
      - Genus Bogoslovsky, 1979
      - Genus Korn, 2002
      - Genus Korn, 2002
    - Subfamily Korn, 2002
      - Genus Czarnocki, 1989
      - Genus Wedekind, 1908
      - Genus Czarnocki, 1989
  - Family Hyatt, 1884
    - Genus Sepkoski, Jr., 2002
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1923
    - Genus Czarnocki, 1989
    - Genus Korn, 1991
    - Genus Wedekind, 1908
  - Family Schindewolf, 1923
    - Genus Bogoslovsky, 1979
    - Genus Schindewolf, 1923
    - Genus Korn, 2002
    - Genus Wedekind, 1908
Suborder Incertae sedis
- Genus
- Genus
- Genus
- Genus
- Genus

References[]

^ Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957; Paleozoic Ammonoidea; Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part-L, Ammonoidea, Geological Society of America & Univ of Kansas.
^ Evolution of Complexity in Paleozoic Ammonoid Sutures; Supplementary Materia [1]
^ GONIAT
^ D. Korn. 2006. Paleozoic ammonoid classification
^ Classification of A. A. Shevyrev 2006

[1] Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957; Paleozoic Ammonoidea; Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part-L, Ammonoidea, Geological Society of America & Univ of Kansas.

[2] Evolution of Complexity in Paleozoic Ammonoid Sutures; Supplementary Materia [1]

[3] GONIAT

[4] D. Korn. 2006. Paleozoic ammonoid classification

[5] Classification of A. A. Shevyrev 2006

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Clymeniida Temporal range: Upper Devonian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N

Clymenia laevigata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Cephalopoda
Subclass:	†Ammonoidea
Order:	†Clymeniida Hyatt, 1884
Suborders
Clymeniina Cyrtoclymeniina