Darbhanga
Darbhanga | |
|---|---|
Metropolitan city | |
  From top - Darbhanga Fort, Lalit Narayan Mithila University, Anandbag Botanical garden, Shyama Mall, Darbhanga Airport, Night view of Darbhanga Junction railway station | |
  Darbhanga Location in Bihar | |
| Coordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°ECoordinates: 26°10′N 85°54′E / 26.17°N 85.9°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Bihar |
| Region | Mithila |
| District | Darbhanga |
| Government | |
| • Type | Municipal Corporation |
| • Body | Darbhanga Municipal Corporation |
| • Mayor | Baijanti Devi Khedia |
| • Deputy Mayor | Badruzzma Khan |
| • Municipal commissioner | Manesh Kumar Meena, IAS[1] |
| • MP | Gopal Jee Thakur, BJP |
| • MLA | Sanjay Saraogi, BJP |
| Area | |
| • Total | 19 km2 (7 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 52 m (171 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 380,125 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi |
| • Additional official | Urdu[4] |
| • Regional Languages | Maithili |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 846001–846009[3] |
| Telephone code | 06272 |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-BR |
| Vehicle registration | BR-07 |
| Sex ratio | 910:1000 ♂/♀ |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Darbhanga |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Darbhanga, Darbhanga Rural, Bahadurpur, Keoti, Jale, Kusheshwar Asthan, Gaura Bauram, Benipur, Alinagar, Hayaghat |
| Website | darbhanga |
Darbhanga is the fifth-largest city and municipal corporation in the Indian state of Bihar situated centrally in the Mithila region. Darbhanga is the headquarters of the Darbhanga district and the Darbhanga division. It was the seat of the erstwhile Khandwala dynasty. It is the proposed capital of Mithila.
Darbhanga is regarded as the cultural capital of the state of Bihar owing to its rich heritage and cultural significance. It is one of the oldest cities in India. Musical, folk art, and literary traditions in Sanskrit and Maithili have been passed down generations in Darbhanga and constitute the city's strong cultural background.[5]
Darbhanga is also the biggest medical and educational hub in northern Bihar/Mithila.[citation needed]
History[]
The city was the capital of the Darbhanga Raj, an estate established in the 16th century, and contains the Anandbagh Palace. It was constituted a municipality in 1864. Darbhanga is home to the Kameshwara Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University (1961), which is located on the grounds of the palace, and the Lalit Narayan Mithila University (1972). Darbhanga has a museum housing archaeological materials, as well as historical and handicrafts exhibits. Darbhanga has been a centre for music since the late 18th century and has produced multiple well-known dhrupad (an ancient form of Indian classical music) musicians. A major rail and road junction, Darbhanga trades in agricultural produce, mangoes, and fish. In addition to food processing, the city has a light manufacturing industry.
Darbhanga is situated on a vast alluvial plain, with low-lying areas containing marshes and lakes. Grains, oilseeds, tobacco, sugarcane, and mangoes are important crops in the region.[6]
Under the British Raj, Darbhanga was a part of Sarkar Tirhut until 1875, when it was constituted into a separate district. Its subdivisions had been constituted earlier – Darbhanga Sadar in 1845, Madhubani in 1866, and Samastipur (then known as Tajpur) in 1867. The city of Darbhanga is said to have been founded by one Darbhangi Khan, about whom practically nothing is known. It is also held that the name Darbhanga is derived from Dwar Banga or Dari – Banga, meaning the ‘door of Bengal’. This etymology does not appear to be very correct as the division between Bengal and Bihar has always been held to be further to the east. Nonetheless, the region has a linguistic and cultural affinity with Bengal.[7]
Excavation at Balirajgarh revealed brick fortifications dating back to the 2nd century BC.[8]
Demographics[]
The 2011 Census of India recorded Darbhanga as an Urban agglomeration with a population of 380,125 while the surrounding district has 3 million people.[9] It is the 5th largest city in Bihar in terms of the urban population.[10] The city has 196,573 males (52.6%) and 183,552 females (47.4%). Darbhanga has an average literacy rate of 79.40%, with male literacy at 85.08% and female literacy at 73.08%.[11] However, as per the document published on 06/03/2021 by the office of District Magistrate Darbhanga, the urban population of Darbhanga stands 380,125[12]
Transport[]
Darbhanga is the biggest Transport hub of North Bihar. The only city to be well-connected by all the major modes of transportation - Airways, Railways, and Roadways.
Railways[]
Darbhanga Junction lies on the East Central Railway. It is connected directly to all the major cities of India.
Of the beginning of railway in Darbhanga and its neighbouring areas, The Imperial Gazetteer of India noted:
The famine of 1874 gave a great impetus to the construction of railways, and the District is on the whole well off in the matter of communications. Its southwest corner is traversed for 29 miles by the mainline of the Bengal and North-Western Railway, and also by 25 miles of the new chord-line from Hajipur to Bachwara, which runs parallel to the Ganges embankment from east to west. From Samastipur a line runs to Darbhanga town and there branches off in two directions, the first north-west to Sitamarhi through Kamtaul and Jogiara, and the other due east to Khanwa Ghat on the Kosi (Old Stream) near Pratapganj. The total length of the line within the District is 146 miles. Most of the earthwork for a line from Sakri to Jainagar on the Nepal frontier was completed as relief work during the famine of 1897; and the line, which has now been opened, should tap a large grain supply from Nepal.[13]
Darbhanga Junction connects a large part of North Bihar and the Terai of Nepal with the rest of India as it serves as a major railhead for the region. It is the main station of Darbhanga and the district of Madhubani.[citation needed]
Darbhanga Airport[]
Darbhanga also has its own commercial airport which is connected with all the major cities of India.
Spicejet and Indigo, the two major airlines of the country operate daily flights from here for Metro cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Kolkata & Ahmedabad.
Darbhanga has the longest runway in the state of Bihar Which is about 9328 ft long.
Darbhanga Airport (IATA: DBR, ICAO: VE89) is a civil enclave at the Darbhanga Air Force Station of the Indian Air Force, 6 kilometeres from Darbhanga City near the NH-105 and NH-57 East-West Corridor Expressway which passes through Darbhanga. The civil enclave is operated by the Airports Authority of India (AAI). The foundation stone for the project was laid by Chief Minister Nitish Kumar and then Civil Aviation Minister Suresh Prabhu in the presence of state Civil Aviation Minister Jayant Sinha on 24 December 2018. Commercial flights started on 8 November 2020.[14]
Roadways[]
Darbhanga is connected to other parts of India by National Highway 27, National Highway 527B and Bihar State highways 50, 56, 88 and 75. Darbhanga is also connected to Madhubani and Sitamarhi.
The East-West Corridor expressway, which connects Porbandar in Gujarat to Silchar in Assam, passes through Darbhanga.
A New Expressway is also proposed between Aurangabad-Patna-Darbhanga which will connect Patna and Gaya with Darbhanga.
Public transport[]
For local transport, the commuters have the option of buses operated by BSRTC and auto-rickshaw.[citation needed] There is a new bus stand. The Bus Stand is located at the corner of the Connectivity National Highway 27 & National Highway 527B also Located nearby Darbhanga Airport. Bus services are available from Darbhanga to all the major cities of India and Bihar viz. Delhi, Ludhiana, Patna, Gaya, Kolkata, Bhagalpur, Muzaffarpur, Ranchi, Jamshedpur.[citation needed]
Nearby Airports[]
The nearest domestic airport is Darbhanga Airport in Darbhanga, approximately 04 kilometers away and 2nd nearest airport is roughly 150 km away Jay Prakash Narayan Airport in Patna.[15]
Geography[]
Darbhanga is located in the northern part of Bihar.
| show Places adjacent to Darbhanga |
|---|
Darbhanga
Climate[]
Darbhanga has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cwa).
| hideClimate data for Darbhanga (1971–1990, extremes 1901–1998) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 30.6 (87.1) |
34.1 (93.4) |
40.6 (105.1) |
43.9 (111.0) |
44.1 (111.4) |
43.6 (110.5) |
39.3 (102.7) |
38.6 (101.5) |
38.6 (101.5) |
39.4 (102.9) |
34.1 (93.4) |
36.6 (97.9) |
44.1 (111.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 23.1 (73.6) |
25.8 (78.4) |
31.0 (87.8) |
35.1 (95.2) |
35.0 (95.0) |
34.9 (94.8) |
32.5 (90.5) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.5 (90.5) |
31.6 (88.9) |
29.0 (84.2) |
24.8 (76.6) |
30.7 (87.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.2 (61.2) |
18.4 (65.1) |
23.0 (73.4) |
27.1 (80.8) |
28.2 (82.8) |
28.8 (83.8) |
28.2 (82.8) |
28.4 (83.1) |
28.2 (82.8) |
26.5 (79.7) |
22.4 (72.3) |
17.7 (63.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 9.2 (48.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
15.1 (59.2) |
19.4 (66.9) |
21.2 (70.2) |
22.9 (73.2) |
23.8 (74.8) |
24.2 (75.6) |
23.8 (74.8) |
21.2 (70.2) |
15.8 (60.4) |
10.6 (51.1) |
18.2 (64.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.0 (32.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
4.1 (39.4) |
9.4 (48.9) |
10.6 (51.1) |
11.0 (51.8) |
13.5 (56.3) |
15.5 (59.9) |
13.5 (56.3) |
10.0 (50.0) |
7.2 (45.0) |
2.6 (36.7) |
0.0 (32.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 13 (0.5) |
14 (0.6) |
9 (0.4) |
29 (1.1) |
76 (3.0) |
139 (5.5) |
353 (13.9) |
254 (10.0) |
193 (7.6) |
73 (2.9) |
6 (0.2) |
7 (0.3) |
1,166 (45.9) |
| Average rainy days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 2.6 | 4.6 | 7.6 | 16.4 | 12.2 | 10.5 | 3.4 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 63.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 68 | 63 | 49 | 56 | 60 | 70 | 78 | 79 | 79 | 73 | 66 | 67 | 67 |
| Source 1: NOAA (1971–1990)[16] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: India Meteorological Department[17] | |||||||||||||
Education[]
Notable educational institutions include:
Medical colleges[]
- All India Institutes of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Darbhanga( Under Construction )
- Darbhanga Medical College and Hospital
University[]
- Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) Regional Centre
- Kameshwar Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University
- Lalit Narayan Mithila University
- Maulana Azad National Urdu University (MANUU) Regional Centre
Engineering and technology colleges[]
- Darbhanga College of Engineering
- Women's Institute of Technology
Colleges[]
- C. M. Science College, Darbhanga
- Kunwar Singh College
- Marwari College
- Millat College, Laharaisharai, Darbhanga
Schools.[]
- D.A.V. Public School
- Darbhanga Public School
- Holy Cross School
- Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Darbhanga
- Jesus & Mary Academy
- Madonna English School
- Rose Public School
Media and communications[]
All India Radio has a 20 kW medium-wave radio station in Darbhanga which transmits various programmes of mass interest and covers a part of North Bihar as well as the Terai of Nepal.[citation needed]
Doordarshan has one DD National and one DD News LPT relay transmitters.[citation needed]
Notable people[]
- Kameshwar Singh Maharaja
- Lakshmeshwar Singh Maharaja
- Rameshwar Singh Maharaja
- Sanjay Mishra, Bollywood actor
- Veena Devi, politician and member of the 17th Lok Sabha
- Abdul Bari Siddiqui, MLA
- Badri Narain Sinha, IPS
- Bhawana Kanth, first female fighter pilot of India
- Binod Bihari Verma, writer
- Binodanand Jha, former MP
- Gangesha Upadhyaya, mathematician and philosopher
- Gonu Jha Pratyutpannamati
- Gopal Jee Thakur, former MLA and current MP
- Dr. Ashok Kr. Yadav, MP from Madhubani Lok Sabha constituency
- Gul Mohammad Khan, Bangladeshi musician
- H. C. Verma, physicist
- Hukmdev Narayan Yadav, former MP
- Imtiaz Ali (director), Bollywood director
- Kirti Azad, former MP and cricketer
- M J Warsi, linguist
- Nagarjun, poet, writer, essayist, and movelist
- Narayan Das (politician), politician
- Nigamananda Saraswati, Hindu monk
- Prabhat Jha (politician), politician
- Parmanand Jha, first vice president of Nepal
- Ram Chatur Mallick, musician
- Ramnandan Mishra, Indian nationalist who fought for India's freedom from British rule
- Sanjay Paswan, politician and MP
- Sanjay Saraogi, MLA
- Dr. Murari Mohan Jha, MLA from Keoti Vidhan Sabha Assembly Constituency
- Satya Narayan Sinha, politician
- Surendra Jha 'Suman', poet, freedom fighter, politician, essayist, literary critic, journalist, publisher and academician
- Jyoti Kumari, Sirhulli, cyclist and Bal Puraskar recipient 2021[18]
- Tariq-ur-Rehman, cricketer
- Tochi Raina, singer, composer, and philosopher
- Yamuna Karjee, Indian independence activist
- Betty von Fürer-Haimendorf, ethnologist
- Ritviz, electronic singer
Gallery[]
See also[]
- Laheriasarai
- Darbhanga Planetarium
India portal
References[]
- ^ "About Municipal Commissioner of Darbhanga".
- ^ "Darbhanga City".
- ^ "STD & PIN Codes". Retrieved 23 January 2020.
- ^ "NCLM52ndReport" (PDF). 25 May 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017.
- ^ "Darbhanga : Heart of Mithilaanchal".
- ^ "Darbhanga | India". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "History | Welcome to Darbhanga District | India". Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ A., Ghosh (1965). Indian Archaeology:A Review. New Dehli: Archaeological Survey of India. pp. 3–5.
- ^ https://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/164-darbhanga.html
- ^ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf
- ^ "Census of India: View Population Details". www.censusindia.gov.in. Government of India. 2001. Archived from the original on 27 April 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.
- ^ https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s3beed13602b9b0e6ecb5b568ff5058f07/uploads/2021/03/2021030687.pdf
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 14 January 2016.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ "मिथिलांचल के लिए खुशखबरी! दरभंगा एयरपोर्ट का संचालन शुरू, देखिए अंदर की तस्वीरें". Prabhat Khabar - Hindi News (in Hindi). Retrieved 8 November 2020.
- ^ "Flights start from Bihar's Darbhanga Airport to Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru".
- ^ "Darbhanga Climate Normals 1971–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on 23 December 2012. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M33. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 18 August 2020.
- ^ Jha, Binay Kumar (26 January 2021). "Republic Day: Darbhanga 'cycle girl' Jyoti Kumari gets PM's award". The Times of India. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
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- Cities and towns in Darbhanga district
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