Dasaratha Jataka
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Dasaratha Jataka ( Sanskrit:दशरथजातकम् / Pali:दसरथजातकं ) is the Jataka Tale found in Buddhist literature about the previous life of the Shakyamuni (Gautama) Buddha as a prince/king named Rama-Pandita. It is found as 461th Jataka story in Khuddaka Nikaya of Sutta Pitaka in the Pali Canon.[1] The Thai national epic, 'Ramakien', is based on this Jataka.[2]
Synopsis[]
The Jataka describes the previous birth of Buddha as Rama-Pandita, a Bodhisattva. The Jataka focus on moral of Non-Attachment and Obedience. Bodhisatta, the crown prince, was sent to exile of twelve years by his father, King Dasaratha, as his father was afraid that the Bodhisatta would be killed by his step-mother for the kingdom (of Varanasi). Rama-Pandita's younger brother, Lakkhana-Kumara and his younger sister, Sita-Devi followed him. But, the King died just after nine years. The son of the step-mother being kind and honorable refused to be crowned; as the right belong to his older brother. They went to look for the Bodhisatta and the other two until they found them, and told the three about their father's death. Both Lakkhana-Kumara and Sita could not bear the sorrow of father's death, but Bodhisatta was silent. He said, the sorrow can't bring his dead father back, then why to sorrow? Everything is impermanent. All the listeners lost their grief. He refused to be crowned at that time to keep his word to his father (as his exile was not completed) and gave his slippers to rule the kingdom instead. After the exile, the Bodhisatta returned to the kingdom and everybody celebrated the event. Then he ruled the kingdom very wisely for 16,000 years.[3][original research?][4]
Verses[]
Following verses are given in the Pali Canon:
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दसरथजातकं एथ लक्खण सीता च, उभो ओतरथोदकं। एवायं भरतो आह, “राजा दसरथो मतो”॥ केन रामप्पभावेन, सोचितब्बं न सोचसि। पितरं कालकतं सुत्वा, न तं पसहते दुखं॥ यं न सक्का निपालेतुं, पोसेन लपतं बहुं। स किस्स विञ्ञू मेधावी, अत्तानमुपतापये॥ दहरा च हि वुद्धा च , ये बाला ये च पण्डिता। अड्ढा चेव दलिद्दा च, सब्बे मच्चुपरायणा॥ फलानमिव पक्कानं, निच्चं पतनतो भयं। एवं जातान मच्चानं, निच्च मरणतो भयं॥ सायमेके न दिस्सन्ति, पातो दिट्ठा बहुज्जना। पातो एके न दिस्सन्ति, सायं दिट्ठा बहुज्जना॥ परिदेवयमानो चे, किञ्चिदत्थं उदब्बहे। सम्मूळ्हो हिंसमत्तानं, कयिरा तं विचक्खणो॥ किसो विवण्णो भवति, हिंसमत्तानमत्तनो। न तेन पेता पालेन्ति, निरत्था परिदेवना॥ यथा सरणमादित्तं, वारिना परिनिब्बये। एवम्पि धीरो सुतवा, मेधावी पण्डितो नरो। खिप्पमुप्पतितं सोकं, वातो तूलंव धंसये॥ मच्चो एकोव अच्चेति, एकोव जायते कुले। संयोगपरमात्वेव, सम्भोगा सब्बपाणिनं॥ तस्मा हि धीरस्स बहुस्सुतस्स, सम्पस्सतो लोकमिमं परञ्च। अञ्ञाय धम्मं हदयं मनञ्च, सोका महन्तापि न तापयन्ति॥ सोहं दस्सञ्च भोक्खञ्च, भरिस्सामि च ञातके। सेसञ्च पालयिस्सामि, किच्चमेतं विजानतो॥ दस वस्ससहस्सानि, सट्ठि वस्ससतानि च। कम्बुगीवो महाबाहु, रामो रज्जमकारयीति॥ दसरथजातकं सत्तमं। |
Dasarathajaatakn
eth lakkhaṇa seetaa ch, ubho otarathodakn. Evaayn bharato aah, “raajaa dasaratho mato”॥ ken raamappabhaaven, sochitabbn n sochasi. Pitarn kaalakatn sutvaa, n tn pasahate dukhn॥ yn n sakkaa nipaaletun, posen lapatn bahun. S kiss vi~n~noo medhaavee, attaanamupataapaye॥ daharaa ch hi vuddhaa ch, ye baalaa ye ch paṇaḍaitaa. Aḍaḍhaa chev daliddaa ch, sabbe machchuparaayaṇaa॥ falaanamiv pakkaann, nichchn patanato bhayn. Evn jaataan machchaann, nichch maraṇaato bhayn॥ saayameke n dissanti, paato diṭṭhaa bahujjanaa. Paato eke n dissanti, saayn diṭṭhaa bahujjanaa॥ paridevayamaano che, ki~nchidatthn udabbahe. Sammooḽho hinsamattaann, kayiraa tn vichakkhaṇao॥ kiso vivaṇaṇao bhavati, hinsamattaanamattano . N ten petaa paalenti, niratthaa paridevanaa॥ yathaa saraṇaamaadittn, vaarinaa parinibbaye . Evampi dheero sutavaa, medhaavee paṇaḍaito naro. Khippamuppatitn sokn, vaato toolnv dhnsaye॥ machcho ekov achcheti, ekov jaayate kule. Snyogaparamaatvev, sambhogaa sabbapaaṇainn॥ tasmaa hi dheerass bahussutass, sampassato lokamimn para~nch. A~n~naay dhammn hadayn mana~nch, sokaa mahantaapi n taapayanti॥ sohn dassa~nch bhokkha~nch, bharissaami ch ~naatake. Sesa~nch paalayissaami, kichchametn vijaanato॥ das vassasahassaani, saṭṭhi vassasataani ch. Kambugeevo mahaabaahu, raamo rajjamakaarayeeti॥ dasarathajaatakn sattamn. |
References[]
- ^ "Tipiṭaka in PDF". tipitaka.org. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ Ghosh, Lipi (2017), "India–Thailand Cultural Interactions: A Study of Shared Cultural Markers", India-Thailand Cultural Interactions, Singapore: Springer Singapore, pp. 1–11, doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3854-9_1, ISBN 978-981-10-3853-2, retrieved 26 January 2021
- ^ "The Jataka, Vol. IV: No. 461.: Dasaratha-Jātaka". www.sacred-texts.com. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ "Dasaratha Jataka (#461)". The Jataka Tales. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- ^ "Tipiṭaka in PDF". tipitaka.org. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
- Sutta Pitaka
- Pali Buddhist texts
- Jataka tales