Eumastacidae

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Eumastacidae
ColouredGrasshopper.jpg
Eumastax sp. from Colombia showing typical posture
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Caelifera
Superfamily: Eumastacoidea
Family: Eumastacidae
Burr, 1898
Subfamilies
  • Eumastacinae
  • Gomphomastacinae
  • Temnomastacinae

Eumastacidae are a family of grasshoppers sometimes known as monkey- or matchstick grasshoppers. They usually have thin legs that are held folded at right angles to the body, sometimes close to the horizontal plane. Many species are wingless and the head is at an angle with the top of the head often jutting above the line of the thorax and abdomen. They have three segmented tarsi and have a short antenna with a knobby organ at the tip. They do not have a prosternal spine or tympanum. Most species are tropical and the diversity is greater in the Old World. They are considered primitive within the Orthoptera and feed on algae, ferns and gymnosperms, the more ancient plant groups.[1]

The families Chorotypidae and Morabidae were formerly included in this group as subfamilies but are now considered as families within the Eumastacoidea. With the exception of the central Asian Gomphomastacinae, all other subfamilies are restricted to South America.[2]

Subfamilies and Genera[]

The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:[3]

Eumastacinae[]

Auth.: Burr, 1899 - central and south America

  1. Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona, 2015
  2. Descamps, 1979
  3. Descamps, 1982
  4. Descamps, 1979
  5. Hebard, 1923
  6. Cadena-Castañeda, 2015
  7. Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona, 2015
  8. Descamps, 1971
  9. Burr, 1899
  10. Cadena-Castañeda, 2016
  11. Rowell & Bentos-Pereira, 2001
  12. Descamps, 1979
  13. Descamps, 1979
  14. Descamps, 1982
  15. Hebard, 1923
  16. Descamps, 1979
  17. Porras, 2007

Gomphomastacinae[]

Auth.: Burr, 1899 - India, central and north-eastern Asia

  1. Descamps, 1974
  2. Ramme, 1939
  3. Bei-Bienko, 1949
  4. Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1898
  5. Özdikmen, 2008
  6. Yin, 1984
  7. Yamasaki, 1983
  8. Bei-Bienko, 1949
  9. Bolívar, 1930
  10. Yin, 1982
  11. Bei-Bienko, 1949
  12. Bei-Bienko, 1959
  13. Yin, 1984

Subfamilies M[]

Masynteinae

Auth.: Descamps, 1973 - Cuba

  1. Karsch, 1889
Morseinae

Auth.: Rehn, 1948 - Americas

  • tribe Daguerreacridini Descamps, 1973
  1. Descamps & Liebermann, 1970
  • tribe Morseini Rehn, 1948
  1. Eumorsea Hebard, 1935
  2. Morsea Scudder, 1898
  • tribe Psychomastacini Descamps, 1973
  1. Psychomastax Rehn & Hebard, 1918

Subfamilies P[]

Paramastacinae

Auth.: Rehn & Grant Jr., 1958 - south America

  1. Burr, 1899
Parepisactinae

Auth.: Descamps, 1971 - south America

  1. Descamps, 1979
  2. Giglio-Tos, 1898
Pseudomastacinae

Auth.: Rehn & Grant Jr., 1958 - south America

  1. Bolívar, 1914

Temnomastacinae[]

Auth.: Rehn & Grant Jr., 1958 - south America

  • tribe Eumastacopini Descamps, 1973
  1. Rehn & Rehn, 1942
  2. Descamps, 1979
  3. Rehn & Rehn, 1942
  4. Descamps & Amédégnato, 1970
  5. Descamps, 1979
  6. Descamps, 1974
  7. Descamps, 1974
  • tribe Temnomastacini Rehn & Grant, 1958
  1. Descamps, 1979
  2. Rehn & Rehn, 1942

Incertae sedis[]

  1. Dirsh, 1965 - Madagascar
  2. Zheng, 1985 - central Asia
  3. † Sharov, 1968
  4. † Cockerell, 1926

References[]

  1. ^ Capinera, John L. (2008). Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer. pp. 1699–1700. ISBN 9781402062421.
  2. ^ S. Matt; P. K. Flook; C. H. F. Rowell (2008). "A Partial Molecular Phylogeny of the Eumastacoidea s. lat. (Orthoptera, Caelifera)" (PDF). Journal of Orthoptera Research. 17 (1): 43–55. doi:10.1665/1082-6467(2008)17[43:apmpot]2.0.co;2.
  3. ^ Species File (v. 5.0; retrieved 10 August 2021)


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